A5034185244- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Immune cells in cancer
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Magnetic Properties of Alloys
- Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Rare-earth and actinide compounds
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit
2008-2025
University of Oxford
2025
Baylor College of Medicine
2023-2024
University of Pennsylvania
2024
University of California, San Diego
2019-2023
University of Cincinnati
2022-2023
Hospital for Tropical Diseases
2008-2020
Purdue University West Lafayette
2017
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2012-2013
Most isolates of Toxoplasma from Europe and North America fall into one three genetically distinct clonal lineages, the type I, II III lineages. However, in South these strains are rarely isolated instead a great variety other found. T. gondii differ widely number phenotypes mice, such as virulence, persistence, oral infectivity, migratory capacity, induction cytokine expression modulation host gene expression. The outcome toxoplasmosis patients is also variable we hypothesize that, besides...
TMEM106B, a lysosomal transmembrane protein, has been closely associated with brain health. Recently, an intriguing link between TMEM106B and inflammation discovered, but how regulates is unknown. Here, we report that deficiency in mice leads to reduced microglia proliferation activation increased microglial apoptosis response demyelination. We also found increase pH decrease enzyme activities TMEM106B-deficient microglia. Furthermore, loss results significant the protein levels of TREM2,...
ABSTRACT The gamma interferon (IFN-γ) response, mediated by the STAT1 transcription factor, is crucial for host defense against intracellular pathogen Toxoplasma gondii , but prior infection with can inhibit this response. Recently, it was reported that type II NTE strain prevents recruitment of chromatin remodeling complexes containing Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG-1) to promoters IFN-γ-induced secondary response genes such as Ciita and major histocompatibility complex class in murine...
The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pose a major threat to the effective treatment control typhoid fever. ongoing outbreak extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi) in Pakistan has left azithromycin as only remaining broadly efficacious oral for South Asia. Ominously, azithromycin-resistant S. organisms have been subsequently reported Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal.
Typhoid fever remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Asia Africa. The emergence azithromycin resistance South is concerning, as one the last effective oral drugs for treating typhoid.To describe molecular mechanism phylogenetics azithromycin-resistant (AzithR) Salmonella Typhi isolates from Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.Whole-genome sequences three AzithR S. (MIC >256 mg/L) were analysed compared with global collection to investigate phylogenetic structure. Clinical...
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is a significant cause of severe invasive infections in Vietnam, yet data on its epidemiology, population structure and dynamics are scarce. We screened hvKp isolates from patients with bloodstream (BSIs) at tertiary infectious diseases hospital Vietnam healthy individuals, followed by whole genome sequencing plasmid analysis. Among 700 BSI-causing Kp strains, 100 (14.3%) were hvKp. Thirteen identified 350 rectal swabs adults; none 500 children. The...
This study examines the effectiveness of experiential activities in enhancing social awareness among children aged 5–6 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) inclusive kindergarten settings. Grounded social-cognitive theory, learning and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural research explores how hands-on, interactive contribute to development emotional recognition, engagement, behavioral regulation. A 15-week intervention was conducted three diagnosed mild ASD, integrating structured games,...
The mosquito midgut is an important site for bloodmeal regulation while also acting as a primary pathogen exposure within the mosquito. Recent studies show that to dehydrating conditions alters bloodfeeding behaviors well post-feeding regulation, likely altering how pathogens interact with Unfortunately, few have explored underlying dynamics between dehydration and utilization, overall impact on disease transmission remains veiled. In this study, we find dehydration-based feeding in yellow...
Memory CD4 + T cells play a pivotal role in mediating long-term protective immunity, positioning them as an important target vaccine development. However, multiple functionally distinct helper T-cell subsets can arise response to single invading pathogen, complicating the identification of rare populations memory precursor during effector phase infection and following pathogen clearance contraction infection. Furthermore, current literature remains unclear regarding whether lineage gives...
The emergence of carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a major global public health concern. Nosocomial outbreaks caused by multidrug-resistant K. are commonly reported to result high morbidity and mortality due limited treatment options. Between October 2019 January 2020, two concurrent high-mortality nosocomial occurred referral hospital Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We performed genome sequencing phylogenetic analysis eight isolates from infected patients environmental...
Vietnam and Southeast Asia are hotspots for antimicrobial resistance; however, little is known on the prevalence of carriage carbapenem resistance in non-hospitalized humans animals. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), particularly Escherichia coli (CREC) Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) also Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) emerging threats worldwide.We investigated healthy (n = 652), chickens 237), ducks 150) pigs 143) 400 small-scale farms Mekong Delta Vietnam. Samples (rectal swabs,...
Abstract Objectives Community-onset bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) species are increasing internationally. This observation suggests that ECC emerging pathogens, requiring for detailed understanding on their genomic epidemiology including transmission dynamics and antimicrobial resistance profiles. Patients methods We performed WGS 79 spp. isolated from the patients with clinically significant BSIs admitted to emergency...
To characterise the clinical features of Acinetobacter baumannii infections and investigate phylogenetic structure transmission dynamics A. in Vietnam. Between 2019 2020, a surveillance (AB) was conducted at tertiary hospital Ho Chi Minh City, Risk factors for in-hospital mortality were analysed using logistic regressions. Whole-genome sequence data used to genomic species, types (STs), antimicrobial resistance genes, surface antigens, relatedness AB isolates. Eighty-four patients with...
Bloodstream infection (BSI) poses a global health problem, with diverse organisms and rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Here, we characterized trends in BSI prevalence, AMR, antibiotic use at Vietnamese infectious diseases hospital from 2010 to 2020. Among 108,303 cultured blood samples, 8.8% were positive, yielding 7995 pathogens. Of 7553 cases, 86.4% community-acquired. prevalence varied 17 35 cases/1000 admissions/year, highest HIV/hepatitis wards patients >60. The in-hospital...
Enterobacter kobei is an emerging cause of outbreak nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Between July and September 2016, a NICU tertiary hospital Nepal observed abrupt increase the number sepsis cases caused by spp. infecting 11 out 23 admitted neonates, five whom died exacerbated sepsis.To confirm suspected outbreak, identify environmental source infection, characterize genetic determinants antimicrobial resistance (AMR) virulence pathogen.Whole-genome sequencing...
Aeromonas spp. are commonly found in the aquatic environment and have been responsible for motile septicemia (MAS) striped catfish, resulting significant economic loss. These organisms also cause a range of opportunistic infections humans with compromised immune systems. Here, we conducted genomic investigation 87 isolates derived from diseased healthy catfish environmental water farms affected by MAS outbreaks eight provinces Mekong Delta (years: 2012–2022), together 25 bloodstream...
Extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) ST1193, a globally emergent fluoroquinolone-resistant clone, has become an important cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs) associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have reported the emergence ExPEC ST1193 in Vietnam; however, limited data exist regarding genetic structure, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants transmission dynamics this pandemic clone. Here, we performed genomic phylogenetic analyses 46...
After resolution of infection, T cells differentiate into long-lived memory that recirculate through secondary lymphoid organs or establish residence in tissues. In contrast to CD8