A5000720843- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Global Health Care Issues
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Malaria Research and Control
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Healthcare cost, quality, practices
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Global Health Workforce Issues
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Delphi Technique in Research
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
University of Strathclyde
2019-2024
World Health Organization
2013-2023
World Health Organization - Pakistan
2004-2021
Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network
2012
Universitäts-Kinderklinik Würzburg
2011
University Medical Center Freiburg
2005
Servei de Salut de les Illes Balears
2003
Johns Hopkins University
1996
Nippon Medical School
1993
Rates of caesarean section are concern in both developed and developing countries. We set out to estimate the proportion births by (CS) at national, regional global levels, describe subregional patterns correlate rates with other reproductive health indicators. analysed nationally representative data available from surveys or vital registration systems on CS. used local non-parametric regression techniques CS maternal mortality ratio, infant neonatal rates, attended skilled personnel....
Cost-effectiveness analysis is used to compare the costs and outcomes of alternative policy options. Each resulting cost-effectiveness ratio represents magnitude additional health gained per unit resources spent. thresholds allow ratios that represent good or very value for money be identified. In 2001, World Health Organization's Commission on Macroeconomics in suggested based multiples a country's per-capita gross domestic product (GDP). some contexts, choosing which interventions fund not...
Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of mortality in developing countries, and these countries diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly. Diabetes increases the risk TB. Our aim was to assess potential impact as factor for incident pulmonary tuberculosis, using India an example. Methods We constructed epidemiological model data on tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, population structure, relative associated with diabetes. evaluated contribution made by both difference...
ObjectivesWithin health economic studies, it is often necessary to adjust costs obtained from different time periods for inflation. Nevertheless, many studies do not report the methods used this in sufficient detail. In article, we outline principal inflation, with a focus on relating healthcare interventions low- and middle-income countries. We also discuss issues converting local currencies international dollars US$ adjusting cost data collected other countries or previous...
Several economic obstacles can deter the development and use of vaccines. This lead to limited product options for some diseases, delays in new development, inequitable access Although seemingly distinct, these are actually interrelated therefore need be addressed through a single over-arching strategy encompassing all stakeholders.To help overcome obstacles, we propose approach, Full Value Vaccines Assessments (FVVA) framework, guide assessment communication value vaccine. The FVVA...
To determine the cost effectiveness of selected malaria control interventions in context reaching millennium development goals for malaria.Generalised analysis.Efficacy data came from literature and authors' calculations supported by expert opinion. Quantities resource inputs opinion; prices WHO-CHOICE database.Costs were assessed year 2000 international dollars, effects as disability adjusted life years averted a 10 implementation programme. Analysis was restricted to sub-Saharan regions...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To improve the evidence base for health policy by devising a method to measure and monitor performance of systems. <b>Design:</b> Estimation relation between levels population inputs used produce health. <b>Setting:</b> 191 countries. <b>Main outcome measure:</b> Health system efficiency (performance). <b>Results:</b> Estimated varied from nearly fully efficient inefficient. Countries with history civil conflict or high prevalence HIV AIDS were less...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To assess the costs and health effects of a range interventions for preventing spread HIV treating people with HIV/AIDS in context millennium development goal combating HIV/AIDS. <b>Design</b> Cost effectiveness analysis based on an epidemiological model. <b>Setting</b> Analyses undertaken two regions classified using WHO grouping–Afr-E, countries sub-Saharan Africa very high adult child mortality, Sear-D, South East Asia mortality. <b>Data sources</b>...
To determine the costs and health effects of interventions to combat breast, cervical, colorectal cancers in order guide resource allocation decisions developing countries.Two World Health Organization sub-regions world: countries sub-Saharan Africa with very high adult child mortality (AfrE); South East Asia (SearD).Cost effectiveness analysis prevention treatment strategies for cancer, using mathematical modelling based on a lifetime population model.Demographic epidemiological data were...
Policy makers require information on costs related to inpatient and outpatient health services inform resource allocation decisions.Country data sets were gathered in 2008-2010 through literature reviews, website searches a public call for cost data. Multivariate regression analysis was used explore the determinants of variability unit using from 30 countries. Two models designed, with drawing upon 3407 9028 observations respectively. Cost estimates are produced at country regional level,...
BackgroundThe World Health Assembly calls for elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 (ie, −90% incidence and −65% mortality). However, WHO's 2017 cost projections to achieve health-related Sustainable Development Goals did not include the resources needed testing treatment. We aimed estimate incremental commodity adding scaled up interventions treatment investment scenarios.MethodsWe added modelled costs implementing WHO recommended projections. quantified...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To estimate the effect of exclusive breast feeding and partial on infant mortality from diarrhoeal disease acute respiratory infections in Latin America. <b>Design:</b> Attributable fraction analysis national data feeding. <b>Setting:</b> America Caribbean. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Mortality nationally representative breastfeeding rates. <b>Results:</b> 55% deaths are preventable by among infants aged 0-3 months throughout remainder infancy. Among...
We estimate attributable fractions, deaths and years of life lost among infants children < or = 2 age due to suboptimal breast-feeding in developing countries.We compare actual practices a minimum exposure pattern consisting exclusive for 6 months continued older age. For infants, we consider diarrhoeal disease lower respiratory tract infections, all causes are considered the second year life. Outcome measures deaths, offsetting potentially caused by mother-to-child transmission HIV through...
Abstract Objective Breast cancer control in Ghana is characterised by low awareness, late‐stage treatment and poor survival. In settings with severely constrained health resources, there a need to spend money wisely. To achieve this guide policy makers their selection of interventions, study systematically compares costs effects breast interventions Ghana. Methods We used mathematical model estimate from the healthcare perspective. Analyses were based on WHO‐CHOICE method, expressed...
Benefit-cost analysis and other forms of economic evaluation are powerful tools, encouraging the systematic collection assessment evidence needed to support sound policy decisions. In low-and middle-income countries, where resources very scarce needs great, such decisions particularly difficult can be especially useful. If not well conducted clearly reported, however, these studies lead erroneous conclusions. Differences in analytic methods assumptions also obscure important differences...
Suboptimal breastfeeding is associated with higher mortality among infants and young children in the developing world. We describe patterns 'exclusive breastfeeding' 'any rates quantify exposure to suboptimal aged two years or younger countries.We reviewed nationally representative surveys that collected data on 94 countries. Surveys were categorized by completeness comprehensiveness of data. Complete comprehensive analysed minimum chi-square regression. With a fitting procedure, estimated...