A5064175739- Child and Adolescent Health
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Esophageal and GI Pathology
- Medical Coding and Health Information
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Data Quality and Management
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Global Health Care Issues
University College London
2015-2025
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
2025
Great Ormond Street Hospital
2018-2024
NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre
2024
Great Ormond Street Hospital Children's Charity
2024
University of London
2022
Institut Guttmann
2020
Farr Institute
2015-2018
Institute of Child Health
2017-2018
Health Data Research UK
2017
BackgroundChild mortality is almost twice as high in England compared with Sweden. We aimed to establish the extent which adverse birth characteristics and socioeconomic factors explain this difference.MethodsWe developed nationally representative cohorts of singleton livebirths between Jan 1, 2003, Dec 31, 2012, using Hospital Episode Statistics England, Swedish Medical Birth Register Sweden, longitudinal follow-up from linked hospital admissions records. analysed outcome, based on deaths...
One-third of children in England have special educational needs (SEN) provision recorded during their school career. The proportion with SEN varies between schools and demographic groups, which may reflect variation need, inequitable and/or systemic factors. There is scant evidence on whether improves health education outcomes. Health Outcomes young People Education (HOPE) research programme uses administrative data from the Child Insights Linked Data-ECHILD-which contains all state schools,...
Introduction Children and young people with neurodisability (conditions affecting the brain or nervous system, creating functional impairment, eg, autism, learning disabilities, epilepsy, cerebral palsy attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) have more complex health educational needs than their peers, contributing to higher healthcare use special (SEN) provision. To guide policy improve services, evidence is needed on how education support outcomes change age for adolescents without...
Background: We aimed to quantify planned and unplanned hospital admissions during adolescence for pupils with special educational needs (SEN) and/or experience of care under local authority supervision. Methods: analysed linked hospital, education social records whole nation coverage England (ECHILD). The cohort comprised who started secondary school between 2007/8 2011/12 (aged 11 years), follow-up until March 2020 (until 18-23 years old). Hospital admission rates were examined by gender...
Objective To determine the birth prevalence, maternal risk factors and 5-year survival for isolated complex anorectal malformations. Design National cohort using hospital admission data death records. Setting All Health Service England hospitals. Patients Live-born singletons delivered from 2002 through 2018, with evidence in first year of life a diagnosis an malformation repair during admission, or recorded on certificate. Cases were further classified as depending presence additional...
Background Bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in infants. Aim To describe RSV epidemiology children the community high-income setting. Methods We used stored blood samples from United Kingdom Born Bradford cohort study that had been collected at birth, age 1 2 years old, tested for IgG postfusion F antibody linked to questionnaires primary hospital care records. finite mixture models classify as infected/not infected...
Abstract The role of genomics in healthcare is expanding rapidly and many countries are set to explore the possibility using genomic sequencing expand current newborn screening programmes. Offering routine (gNBS) would allow include a much broader range rare conditions, but there technical, practical, psychosocial, ethical economic challenges be addressed. Genomics England NHS have established Generation Study deliver gNBS for 100,000 births 2024/5 benefits, challenges, practicalities...
Abstract Background Infant mortality has been rising in England since 2014. We examined potential drivers of these trends. Methods used aggregate data on all live births, stillbirths and linked infant deaths 2006–2016 from the Office for National Statistics. compared trends rates overall, excluding births at <24 weeks gestation, by quintile SES gestational age. Results decreased 4.78 deaths/1000 2006 to 3.54/1000 2014 (annual decrease 0.15/1000) increased 3.67/1000 2016 increase...
National birth cohorts derived from administrative health databases constitute unique resources for child research due to whole country coverage, ongoing follow-up and linkage other data sources. In England, a national cohort can be developed using Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), an database covering details of all publicly funded hospital activity, including 97% births, with longitudinal via mortality records. We present methods developing HES assess the impact changes collection over...
<ns3:p>Background Neurodisability describes a broad range of heterogenous conditions affecting the brain and/or neuromuscular system that result in functional limitations including cognitive, sensory, and motor impairments. Children with neurodisability have complex health educational needs. They are likely to achieve below-expected levels measures school attainment require special needs provision. While outcomes children specific under been investigated previously, there is little evidence...
Abstract Background Congenital anomalies are a major cause of co‐morbidity in children. Diagnostic code lists increasingly used to identify congenital administrative health records. Evidence is lacking on comparability these lists. Objectives To compare prevalence and prognostic outcomes for children with identified records using three different Methods We developed national cohorts singleton livebirths England (n = 7 354 363, 2003‐2014) Scotland 493 556, 2003‐2011). Children were if anomaly...
Abstract Background Population‐based administrative data have rarely been used to compare the birth prevalence, risk factors for occurrence, and mortality of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) subtypes. Objectives We a national cohort identify CDH subtypes compared their relationship with maternal age after accounting sociodemographic factors, 1‐year rates. Methods Linked hospital admission death records were isolated complex cases (involving additional anomalies) among singleton...
Neurodisability describes a broad set of conditions affecting the brain and nervous system which result in functional limitations. Children with neurodisability have more hospital admissions than their peers without higher rates school absence. However, longitudinal evidence comparing admission absence children to throughout is limited, as understanding about whether differences are greatest for planned care (e.g., scheduled appointments) or unplanned care. This study will describe due...
Over 3000 infants suffer a brain injury around the time of birth every year in England. Although these injuries can have important implications for children and their families, our understanding how affect children's lives is limited.
Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody which can prevent infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Due to its high cost, it recommended for high-risk infants only. We aimed determine the proportion of eligible palivizumab treatment in England who receive at least one dose.We used Hospital Treatment Insights database, contains hospital admission records linked pharmacy dispensing data 43 out 153 hospitals England. Infants born between 2010 and 2016 were considered if their medical...
Transition from paediatric to adult health care may disrupt continuity of care, and result in unmet needs. We describe changes planned unplanned hospital admission rates before, during after transition for young people with learning disability (LD), or autism spectrum disorders (ASD) indicated records, who are likely have more complex needs.We developed two mutually exclusive cohorts LD, ASD without born between 1990 2001 England using national data. determined the annual rate change before...
Infant mortality rates are commonly used to compare the health of populations. Observed differences often attributed variation in child care quality. However, any at least partly explained by prevalence risk factors birth, such as low birth weight. This distinction is important for designing interventions reduce infant mortality. We suggest a simple method decomposing inter-country crude into two metrics representing operating before and after birth. data from 7 European countries...
Deaths from respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children are preventable through timely access to public health and medical interventions. We aimed assess whether socioeconomic disparities mortality related pediatric RTI persisted after accounting for status at birth.We compared the prevalence of risk factors RTI-related death singletons aged 28 days 4 years across Ontario (Canada), Scotland England (jurisdictions with universal care) using linked administrative data 2003-2013. estimated...
Objectives Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a global cause of childhood morbidity. We compared temporal trends and socioeconomic disparities for ARI hospitalisations in young children across Western Australia, England Scotland. Design Retrospective population-based cohort studies using linked birth, death hospitalisation data. Setting participants Population birth cohorts spanning 2000–2012 (Western Australia Scotland) 2003–2012 (England). Outcome measures infants (<12 months) (1–4...
Abstract Background There is limited understanding of the drivers increasing infant accident and emergency (A&E) attendances hospital admissions across England. We examine variations in use services among infants by local areas England investigate extent to which socio-economic factors explain these variations. Methods Birth cohort study using linked administrative Hospital Episode Statistics data Singleton live births between 1-April-2012 31-March-2019 were followed up for 1 year; from...
IntroductionAdministrative data are a valuable research resource, but under-utilised in the UK due to governance, technical and other barriers (e.g., time effort taken gain secure access). In recent years, there has been considerable government investment making administrative "research-ready", is no definition of what this term means. A common understanding constitutes research-ready needed establish clear principles frameworks for their development realisation full potential. ObjectiveTo...
Abstract Target trial emulation (TTE) applies the principles of randomized controlled trials to causal analysis observational data sets. One challenge that is rarely considered in TTE sources bias may arise if variables involved definition eligibility for are missing. We highlight patterns might when estimating effect a point exposure restricting target individuals with complete data. Simulations consider realistic scenarios where affecting modify and missing at random or not random. discuss...
Objective To compare mortality in children aged <5 years from two causes amenable to healthcare prevention England and Sweden: respiratory tract infection (RTI) sudden unexpected death infancy (SUDI). Design Birth cohort study using linked administrative health databases Sweden. Setting participants Singleton live births between 2003 2012 Sweden, followed up age 31 days until the fifth birthday, or December 2013. Main outcome measures The main were HR for RTI-related at 31–364 1–4 SUDI...