Algae have attracted attention as sustainable producers of lipid-containing biomass for food, animal feed, and biofuels. Parachlorella kessleri, a unicellular green alga belonging to the class Trebouxiophyceae, achieves very high biomass, lipid, starch productivity levels. However, further biotechnological exploitation has been hampered by lack genomic information.Here, we sequenced whole genome transcriptome, analyzed behavior P. kessleri NIES-2152 under lipid production-inducing...

Phosphorus is an essential element for life on earth and also important modern agriculture, which dependent inorganic fertilizers from phosphate rock. Polyphosphate a biological polymer of residues, accumulated in organisms during the wastewater treatment process to enhance phosphorus removal. Here, we investigated relationship between polyphosphate accumulation electron-dense bodies green alga Parachlorella kessleri. Under sulfur-depleted conditions, some symporter genes were upregulated,...

Abstract Background Previously, we isolated a mutant of Parachlorella kessleri named strain PK4 that accumulated higher concentrations lipids than the wild-type strain. Resequencing genome identified mutations in three genes which may be associated with high-lipid phenotype. The first gene, CDMT1 , encodes protein calcium-dependent membrane association domain; second DMAN1 endo-1,4-β-mannanase, while third AATPL1 plastidic ATP/ADP antiporter-like protein. Results To determine these are...

We used a microplate-based method to quantify microalgal lipids with Nile Red staining and fluorescence microplate reader. However, starch that combines microplates has not been reported. Therefore, we examined quantification of using Lugol staining. Neither nor accumulated during the zero phase cultured Parachlorella kessleri, only phase, was subsequently lost oil phase. The quantities were measured method, which indicated linear production within limited ranges (lipids, 0.071–0.380 g mL−1;...

To identify mammalian carnivore species distributed in the Kushiro Wetland, eastern Hokkaido, Japan, we developed molecular-genetic methods for identification of from fecal samples collected field. Species-specific primers and PCR programs were established five native six alien carnivores: Martes zibellina, Mustela nivalis, erminea, Vulpes vulpes, Nyctereutes procyonoides as species, Neovison vison, melampus, itatsi, Canis familiaris, Felis catus, Procyon lotor Hokkaido. Touchdown PCR, which...

Raman and fluorescence spectroscopies offer complementary approaches in bioanalytical chemistry, particularly microbiological assays. The former method is used to detect lipids, metabolites, nonspecific proteins nucleic acids a label-free manner, while the latter investigate targeted proteins, acids, their interactions via labeling or transfection. Despite complementarity, these regimes are seldom conjunction due fluorescent signals overwhelming inherently weak by more than several orders of...

Multiple fission is a cell cycle variation leading to the production of more than two daughter cells. Here, we used synchronized cultures chlorococcal green alga Parachlorella kessleri study its growth and pattern division under varying light intensities. The time courses DNA replication, nuclear cellular division, size, total RNA, protein content, dry matter accumulation starch were observed at incident intensities 110, 250 500 µmol photons m−2s−1. Furthermore, studied effect deuterated...

Green algae are fast-growing microorganisms that considered promising for the production of starch and neutral lipids, chlorococcal green alga Parachlorella kessleri is a favorable model, as it can produce both lipids. P. commonly divides into more than two daughter cells by specific mechanism—multiple fission. Here, we used synchronized cultures to study effects supra-optimal temperature. Synchronized were grown at optimal (30 °C) (40 temperatures incident light intensities 110 500 μmol...

Heavy-ion beams have been widely utilized as a novel and effective mutagen for mutation breeding in diverse species, including algae, but preferred mutant cannot be easily obtained without suitable large-scale screening method. We devised unique, convenient, method mutants of Haematococcus pluvialis to isolate strain resistant environmental stress with low white fluorescence, i.e., robust strain. was irradiated heavy-ion carbon ions, argon iron ions at various doses, after which...

To evaluate the effects of genetic and environmental factors on bone mass, we determined mineral density (BMD) in total body, lumbar spine femoral neck 23 Japanese twin pairs including 21 monozygotic (MZ) pairs, applying dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In MZ aged 20–49 years, highly significant intraclass correlation coefficients, ranging from 0.775 to 0.926, were observed at several sites, neck, which suggests considerable contributions BMD. Neither coefficients nor intrapair differences...

To determine the sex and identity of individual American minks (Neovison vsion), a species Introduced into Japan, molecular genetic methods were employed on fecal samples collected from Kushiro Wetland, eastern Hokkaido. We examined chromosome-linked genes ZFX ZFY 11 microsatellite loci to identify individuals. From genotypes, probability was calculated distinguish between individuals with 99% certainty. evaluate accuracy genotyping results, we used two approaches for several randomly...

The genus Chlorella is a well-known member of the green algal class Trebouxiophyceae, which characterized by an immotile and asexual life cycle. Here, we performed analysis whole genome transcriptome Parachlorella kessleri NIES-2152 with emphasis on evolution meiosis flagellar proteins. transcriptomic data showed that MID-related RWP-RK genes meiosis-specific proteins were expressed; at transcriptional level, DNA repair protein RAD50 was upregulated in stationary phase, four-fold more reads...

To understand the nutritional status of culled wild sika deer (Cervus nippon), we compared ruminal microbes living in habitats differing food composition (Nagano winter, Nagano spring, and Hokkaido winter) using next-generation sequencing. Twenty-nine were sampled. Alpha beta diversity metrics determined via 16S 18S rRNA amplicon-seq analysis showed compositional differences. Prevotella, Entodinium, Piromyces dominant genera bacteria, fungi protozoa, respectively. Moreover, 66 bacterial...

In this study, 26 wild strains of Haematococcus spp. collected from different locations around the world were cultured in autotrophic medium (MES-volvox) or mixotrophic (MM2). The cell proliferation ability, biomass production (dry weight), and dead rate each culture measured to compare astaxanthin synthesis ability. These could be grouped into a monophyletic group consisting five clades by molecular phylogenetic analysis. They found consist 20 pluvialis, 4 rubicundus, 2 rubens. Although...

The ratio of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is higher in the modern Western meal when compared with that Paleolithic era. Evidences have been accumulating extremely high increases risk disease and deterioration physical conditions among humans. In this study, linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6) α-linolenic (C18:3, n-3) rucola, Eruca sativa, was between naturally grown samples conventional farming products (n=3 for each). We found rucola contained significantly amount (p=0.026), resulting...

The variations of the specific absorption rate (SAR) and thermal distribution in JSHO QA phantoms were investigated by radiofrequency (RF) capacitive intracavitary hyperthermia (ICHT) applicator (AP-T01, Omron Electric Co., Kyoto, Japan) with changing position opposite flat (15-cm diameter). was observed thermographic camera normalized SAR calculated data that measured thermocouple thermometers. distributions AP-T01 significantly varied applicator. slope became gradual towards side During...

Abstract Background Parachlorella kessleri strain NIES-2152, a unicellular green alga, has the characteristics of rapid growth and high lipid productivity; thus this been considered to be candidate for use in biofuel production. However, commercialization biofuels requires significant cost reduction, improvements may needed achieve objective. Results In first part study, we developed genetic transformation method applicable P. as follows. During cell cycle , daughter cells develop within...

Thermoluminescence has been observed in X-ray-irradiated CdS-doped glass. The intensity of thermoluminescence is proportional to the X-ray dose up 10 Gy. for Asahi Y-44 approximately 0.5% that phosphor a commercial radiation dosimeter: MSO-S (Mg 2 SiO 4 :Tb). Photofading markedly lower than MSO-S.