A5004456926- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Mast cells and histamine
- Immune cells in cancer
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Dental Trauma and Treatments
- History, Culture, and Society
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Nerve Injury and Rehabilitation
- Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology
2013-2024
National Research Council
2013-2024
European Brain Research Institute
2011-2020
Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science
2020
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
2020
Royal Marsden Hospital
2019
Fondazione Santa Lucia
2012-2016
Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive
2015
Sapienza University of Rome
2004-2013
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2010
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level and are key modulators of immune system, whose dysfunction contributes to the progression neuroinflammatory diseaseas such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), most widespread motor neuron disorder. ALS is a non-cell-autonomous disease targeting neurons neighboring glia, with microgliosis directly contributing neurodegeneration. As limited information exists on miRNAs dysregulations in ALS, we examined this topic...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that plays an essential role in neuronal development and plasticity. MicroRNA (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of about 22-nucleotides length regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level. In this study we explore the miRNAs as inhibitors BDNF effect 3′UTR sequence variations on binding capacity. Using silico approach identified group putatively to polymorphic sequences. Luciferase assays demonstrated these (miR-26a1/2...
Abstract Inflammation and oxidative stress are thought to play determinant roles in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Degenerating motor neurons produce signals that activate microglia release reactive oxygen species (ROS) proinflammatory cytokines, resulting a vicious cycle neurodegeneration. The ALS-causing mutant protein Cu+/Zn+ superoxide dismutase SOD1-G93A directly enhances activity main ROS-producing enzyme microglia, NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), well-known player...
Abstract In recent years there has been an increasing awareness on the role of P2X7 receptor for extracellular ATP in modulating physiopathological mechanisms CNS. particular, was shown to be implicated neuropsychiatry, chronic pain, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation. Remarkably, a "gene modifier" amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): is up-regulated spinal cord microglia human and rat at advanced stages disease; vitro, activation exacerbates pro-inflammatory responses ALS-microglia, as...
Understanding the means by which microglia self-regulate neuroinflammatory response helps modulating their reaction during neurodegeneration. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), classical NF-κB pathway is related to persistent activation and motor neuron injury; however, mechanisms of negative control activity remain unexplored. One major players in termination ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20, has recognized anti-inflammatory functions. Lately, microRNAs are emerging as potent fine-tuners...
The immune system is a fine modulator of the tumor biology supporting or inhibiting its progression, growth, invasion and conveys pharmacological treatment effect. Tumors, on their side, have developed escaping mechanisms from action ranging direct secretion biochemical signals to an indirect reaction, in which cellular actors microenvironment (TME) collaborate mechanically condition extracellular matrix (ECM) making it inhospitable cells. TME composed several cell lines besides cancer...
In the CNS, neuroinflammation occurring during pathologies as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple (MS) is consequence of an intricate interplay orchestrated by various cell phenotypes. Among molecular cues having a role in this process, extracellular nucleotides are responsible for intercellular communication propagation inflammatory stimuli. This occurs binding to several receptor subtypes, defined P2X/P2Y, which widespread different tissues simultaneously localized on cells....
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by macrophage accumulation and inflammatory infiltrates into the CNS contributing to demyelination. Because purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) known be abundantly expressed on cells of hematopoietic lineage nervous system, we further investigated its phenotypic expression in MS experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis conditions. By quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction flow cytometry, analyzed P2X7R human mononuclear peripheral...
Background Transposable Elements (TEs) comprise nearly 45% of the entire genome and are part sophisticated regulatory network systems that control developmental processes in normal pathological conditions. The retroviral/retrotransposon gene machinery consists mainly Long Interspersed Nuclear (LINEs-1) Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) code for their own endogenous reverse transcriptase (RT). Interestingly, RT is typically expressed at high levels cancer cells. Recent studies report...
In neurons, specific mRNAs are transported in a translationally repressed manner along dendrites or axons by transport ribonucleic-protein complexes called RNA granules. ZBP1 is one binding protein present RNPs, where it transports and represses the translation of cotransported mRNAs, including β-actin mRNA. The release mRNA from its subsequent depends on phosphorylation Src kinase, but little known about how this process regulated. Here we demonstrate that ribosomal-associated RACK1,...
Tooth development, or odontogenesis, is a complex process in which several molecular pathways play key role. Recently, microRNAs, class of approximately 20-nucleotide small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, have been implicated the odontogenesis process. This study aimed to assess role miRNAs anomalies, specifically agenesis and impaction.
Argonaute are a conserved class of proteins central to the microRNA pathway. We have highlighted novel and non-redundant function Ago1 versus Ago2; two core factors miRNA-associated RISC complex. Stable overexpression in neuroblastoma cells causes cell cycle slow down, decrease cellular motility stronger apoptotic response upon UV irradiation. These effects, together with significant increase p53 levels, suggest that may act as tumor-suppressor factor, also supported by GEO Profiles...
The cellular heterogeneity of the tumor environment breast cancer (BC) is extremely complex and includes different actors such as neoplastic, stromal, immunosuppressive cells, which contribute to chemical mechanical modification surrounding tumor-exasperating immune-escaping mechanisms. In addition molecular signals that make microenvironment (TME) unacceptable for penetrance immune system, physical properties tumoral extracellular matrix (tECM) also have carved out a fundamental role in...
Abstract Traumatic spinal cord injury has dramatic consequences and a huge social impact. We propose new mouse model of trauma that induces complete paralysis hindlimbs, still observable 30 days after injury. The contusion, performed without laminectomy deriving from the pressure exerted directly on bone, mimics more closely many features in humans. Spinal was injured at thoracic level 10 (T10) adult anesthetized female CD1 mice, mounted stereotaxic apparatus connected to precision impactor...
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are functional diseases of the masticatory system; their symptoms clicking, difficulty opening mouth wide, ear pain, facial pain and headaches. The relationships among distress, emotional factors TMD well known. It was shown that patients with have little awareness inner states emotions, it found those reporting oro-facial presented higher alexithymia than did asymptomatic people. Other authors confirmed in painful group controls. This study aimed to...
Recent preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that immune system has a role in the progression prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), but identification clear mechanism players remains to be elucidated. Here, we have investigated, 30 60 days (presymptomatic) 120 (symptomatic) old SOD1-G93A mice, systemic, peripheral, central innate adaptive inflammatory response, correlating it with neurodegeneration neuromuscular junction, sciatic nerves, spinal cord. Surprisingly, found very...
The primary cilium is a non-motile sensory organelle that extends from the surface of most vertebrate cells and transduces signals regulating proliferation, differentiation, migration. Primary cilia dysfunctions have been observed in cancer group heterogeneous disorders called ciliopathies, characterized by renal liver cysts, skeleton limb abnormalities, retinal degeneration, intellectual disability, ataxia, heart disease and, recently, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, epilepsy....