A5077970304- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Global Health Care Issues
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
University of York
2016-2025
Department of Medical Sciences
2019-2021
Wessex Institute of Technology
2017
NIHR Evaluation Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre
2017
University of Southampton
2017
National Institute for Health Research
2017
University of Warwick
2017
NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre
2017
University of Winchester
2017
University of Nottingham
2017
E-cigarettes are commonly used in attempts to stop smoking, but evidence is limited regarding their effectiveness as compared with that of nicotine products approved smoking-cessation treatments.
People with severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia are three times more likely to smoke than the wider population, contributing widening health inequalities. Smoking remains largest modifiable risk factor for this inequality, but people illness have not historically engaged smoking cessation services. We aimed test effectiveness of a combined behavioural and pharmacological intervention targeted specifically at illness.In (SCIMITAR+) trial, pragmatic, randomised controlled study, we...
Objective To determine the effectiveness of a web-based self-management programme for people with type 2 diabetes in improving glycaemic control and reducing diabetes-related distress. Methods design Individually randomised two-arm controlled trial. Setting 21 general practices England. Participants Adults aged 18 or over diagnosis registered participating practices. Intervention comparator Usual care plus either Healthy Living People Diabetes (HeLP-Diabetes), an interactive, theoretically...
Background Supporting people to quit smoking is one of the most powerful interventions improve health. The Emergency Department (ED) represents a potentially valuable opportunity deliver cessation intervention if it sufficiently resourced. objective this trial was determine whether an opportunistic ED-based can help smoking. Methods In multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled superiority conducted between January and August 2022, adults who smoked daily attended six UK EDs were...
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common long-term conditions, and costs health services approximately 10% their total budget. Active self-management by patients improves outcomes reduces service costs. While existing evidence suggested that uptake education was low, development internet-based technology might improve situation.
Background Over the past few years, a large number of smokers in UK have stopped smoking with help e-cigarettes. So far, Stop Smoking Services (SSSs) been reluctant to include e-cigarettes among their treatment options because data on efficacy compared licensed medications are lacking. Objective The objective was compare refillable and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products, when accompanied by weekly behavioural support. Design A randomised controlled trial comparing NRT. Setting Three...
Abstract Aim To evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of e‐cigarettes as a smoking cessation aid used in routine stop services England. Design Cost‐effectiveness analysis was performed from National Health Service (NHS) and Personal Social Services (PSS) perspective for 12‐month periods life‐time. Costs, including that both treatments, other help health‐care services, health benefits, estimated EQ‐5D‐5L measured quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs), analysis, came randomized controlled trial....
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of a complex behavioural intervention, ProLife, on tuberculosis (TB) treatment success, medication adherence, alcohol use and tobacco smoking. Design Multicentre, individual, randomised controlled trial where participants were assigned (1:1) to ProLife intervention or usual care. Setting 27 primary care clinics in South Africa. Participants 574 adults starting for drug-sensitive pulmonary TB who smoked reported harmful/hazardous use. Interventions...
Background Smoking prevalence among people experiencing homelessness is high. This study explored the factors which influenced potential smoking abstinence participants receiving an e-cigarette (EC) intervention within Cessation Trial in Centres for Homelessness (SCeTCH) across Great Britian. Methods Using Capability Opportunity Motivation – Behaviour (COM–B) model, hypothesised and emerging mediators were quantitatively via measures baseline follow-up questionnaires (n=239) qualitatively...
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is two to three times more common in people with severe mental illness (SMI) than the general population. Supporting self-management fundamental improving clinical outcomes. The DIAMONDS trial aims evaluate and cost effectiveness of a novel, codesigned, supported programme for T2DM SMI. Methods analysis This multicentre, two-armed, parallel, individually randomised controlled will be conducted National Health Service health trusts across England....
<b>Objectives</b> To investigate the effectiveness of systematic default provision smoking cessation support to all adult smokers admitted hospital, relative usual care. <b>Design</b> Open, cluster randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Acute medical wards in one large teaching hospital United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> 264 patients intervention and 229 care; primary outcome data were available at four weeks for 260 224 patients, respectively. All recent ex-smokers able give informed...
Smoking cessation is important in patients with tuberculosis because it can reduce the high rates of treatment failure and mortality. We aimed to assess effectiveness safety cystine as a smoking aid Bangladesh Pakistan.We did randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, trial at 32 health centres Pakistan. Eligible were adults (aged >18 years Bangladesh; aged >15 Pakistan) pulmonary diagnosed previous 4 weeks, who smoked tobacco on daily basis willing stop smoking. Patients randomly...
Smoking rates in the UK are at an all-time low but this masks considerable inequalities; prevalence amongst adults who homeless remains four times higher than national average. The objective of trial was to assess feasibility supplying free e-cigarette starter kits smokers accessing centres and estimate parameters inform a possible future larger trial. In cluster trial, Great Britain were non-randomly allocated either Usual Care (UC) or E-Cigarette (EC) arm. Smokers attending recruited by...
There is a high prevalence of smoking among people who experience severe mental ill health (SMI). Helping with disorders such as bipolar illness and schizophrenia to quit would help improve their health, increase longevity also reduce inequalities. Around half SMI smoke express an interest in cutting down or quitting smoking. limited evidence that cessation can be achieved for SMI. Those rarely access routine NHS services. This suggests the need develop evaluate behavioural support...
Background In the UK, 6% of UK population have diabetes mellitus, 90% whom type 2 mellitus (T2DM). Diabetes accounts for 10% NHS expenditure (£14B annually). Good self-management may improve health outcomes. policy is to refer all people with T2DM structured education, on diagnosis, their skills, annual reinforcement thereafter. However, uptake remains low (5.6% in 2014–15). Almost education group based, which not suit who work, family or other caring commitments simply do like group-based...
Background Despite treatment, patients with tuberculosis (TB) who smoke have poorer outcomes compared non-smokers. It is unknown, however, if quitting smoking during the 6 months of TB treatment improves outcomes. Methods The & Tobacco Trial was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial cytisine for cessation in 2472 pulmonary Bangladesh and Pakistan. In secondary analysis, we investigated hypothesis that health course. included an eight-point clinical score, sputum conversion...
Abstract Background Substance use is a risk factor for intimate partner abuse (IPA) perpetration. Delivering perpetrator interventions concurrently with substance treatment shows promise. Methods The feasibility of conducting an efficacy and cost-effectiveness trial the ADVANCE 16-week intervention to reduce IPA by men in was explored. A multicentre, parallel group individually randomised controlled formative evaluation conducted. Over three temporal cycles, 104 who had perpetrated towards...
Smoking is extremely common among adults experiencing homelessness, but there lack of evidence for treatment efficacy. E-cigarettes are an effective quitting aid, they have not been widely tested in smokers with complex health and social needs. Here we build upon our cluster feasibility trial evaluate the offer e-cigarette or usual care to accessing a homeless centre.Multi-centre two-arm cluster-randomized controlled mixed-method embedded process economic evaluation centres England, Scotland...
Smoking is highly prevalent among people who have experience of severe mental ill health, contributing to their poor physical health. Despite the 'culture' smoking in health services, with often express a desire quit smoking; however, services currently available aid quitting are those which widely general population and may not be suitable or effective for The aim this study explore effectiveness cost-effectiveness bespoke smoking-cessation intervention specifically targeted at SCIMITAR+...
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is common, affecting nearly 400 million people worldwide. Achieving good health for with T2DM requires active self-management; however, uptake of self-management education poor, and there an urgent need to find better, more acceptable, cost-effective methods providing support. Web-based support has many potential benefits patients services. The aim this trial determine the effectiveness cost-effectiveness a web-based programme T2DM. This will be multi-centre...