A5103013799- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods
- Optical measurement and interference techniques
- Trace Elements in Health
- Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements
- Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
- Optical Systems and Laser Technology
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques
- Advancements in Photolithography Techniques
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis
- Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
- Insect and Pesticide Research
Cardiff University
2017-2024
University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust
2021
Northeastern University
2018-2019
Clarivate (United States)
2017-2019
Colby College
2019
Hsing Wu University
2018
Drexel University
2013-2017
Procter & Gamble (United States)
2017
University of New Hampshire
2016
University of Sussex
2009-2016
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition of insoluble amyloid plaques in neuropil composed highly stable, self-assembled Amyloid-beta (Aβ) fibrils. Copper has been implicated to play a role disease. Dimers Aβ have isolated from AD brain and shown be neurotoxic. We investigated formation dityrosine cross-links Aβ42 formed covalent ortho-ortho coupling two tyrosine residues under conditions oxidative stress with elevated copper that can vitro oligomers fibrils these links...
Abstract Chromatophore organs in cephalopod skin are known to produce ultra-fast changes appearance for camouflage and communication. Light-scattering pigment granules within chromatocytes have been presumed be the sole source of coloration these complex organs. We report discovery structural emanating precise register with expanded pigmented chromatocytes. Concurrently, using an annotated squid chromatophore proteome together microscopy, we identify a likely biochemical component this...
Aβ (amyloid-β peptide) assembles to form amyloid fibres that accumulate in senile plaques associated with AD (Alzheimer's disease). The major constituent, a 42-residue Aβ, has the propensity assemble and soluble potentially cytotoxic oligomers, as well ordered stable fibres. It is widely believed cytotoxicity result of formation transient oligomers. This observed toxicity may be ability oligomers associate cause permeation lipid membranes. In present study, we have investigated oligomeric...
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the aggregation and deposition of Aβ peptide. This 40 or 42 residue peptide product proteolysis amyloid precursor protein membrane able to assemble form ordered, stable fibrils as well small, soluble, potentially cytotoxic oligomers. The toxicity oligomers may be associated with ability bind affect integrity lipid membranes. In this novel work, we have monitored compared potent Aβ42 peptide, less amyloidogenic Aβ40 a variant reduced amyloidogenicity...
Abstract Secondary amines, due to their reactivity, can transform protein templates into catalytically active entities, accelerating the development of artificial enzymes. However, existing methods, predominantly reliant on modified ligands or N‐terminal prolines, impose significant limitations template selection. In this study, genetic code expansion was used break boundary, enabling secondary amines be incorporated alternative proteins and positions choice. Pyrrolysine analogues carrying...
Objective To determine the impact of immediate release Ritalin, given three times a day, on sleep quality and quantity in medication-naïve, newly diagnosed children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Children (aged 6–12) rigorously ADHD (n = 21) underwent multiple measurement assessments (i.e., actigraphy, diary, questionnaires) during 1-week baseline then 3-week blinded randomized medication trial. Results Although was effective reducing symptoms, analyses...
Aβ42 [amyloid-β peptide-(1–42)] plays a central role in Alzheimer's disease and is known to have detrimental effect on neuronal cell function survival when assembled into an oligomeric form. In the present study we show that administration of freshly prepared oligomers neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) line results reduction survival, enters cells prior death. Immunoconfocal immunogold electron microscopy reveal path with time through endosomal system shows it accumulates lysosomes. A 24 h incubation...
A. Findlay and T. Williams, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1913, 103, 636 DOI: 10.1039/CT9130300636
Understanding the structure–function relationships of pigment-based nanostructures can provide insight into molecular mechanisms behind biological signaling, camouflage, or communication experienced in many species. In squid Doryteuthis pealeii, combinations phenoxazone-based pigments are identified as source visible color within nanostructured granules that populate dermal chromatophore organs. absence pigments, experience a reduction diameter with loss color, suggesting important...
The Vip3 proteins produced during vegetative growth by strains of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis show insecticidal activity against lepidopteran insects with a mechanism action that may involve pore formation and apoptosis. These are promising supplements to our arsenal proteins, but molecular details their not understood. As first step in structural characterisation these we have analysed secondary structure resolved surface topology tetrameric complex Vip3Ag4 protein transmission...
Color is a signature visual feature in nature; however, the ability to trigger color change presence of different environmental stimuli unique only handful species animal kingdom. We exploit natural color-changing properties predominant pigment arthropods and cephalopods—xanthommatin (Xa)—and describe its utility as new broad-spectrum electrochromic material. To accomplish this goal, we explored spectroelectrochemical Xa adsorbed an indium-doped tin oxide-coated substrate chemically modified...
α-Synuclein (αSyn), which forms amyloid fibrils, is linked to the neuronal pathology of Parkinson's disease, as it major fibrillar component Lewy bodies, inclusions that are characteristic disease. Oligomeric structures, common many neurodegenerative disease-related proteins, may in fact be primary toxic species, while fibrils exist either a less dead-end species or even beneficial mechanism for clearing damaged proteins. To alter progression aggregation and gain insights into prefibrillar...
The reaction of positronium was studied in aqueous KMnO4 solutions at various concentrations and pH. Lifetime measurements show a distinct decrease τ2 increase I2 with increasing temperatures, as expected for chemical reactions which thermalized is involved. No dependence on the pH solution could be observed. activation energy calculated from temperature rather small about 0.1–0.2 eV. free positron annihilation lifetime found to approximately 0.55 nsec, good agreement value obtained by using...
Abstract Amyloid beta (Aβ) induced neuronal death has been linked to memory loss, perhaps the most devastating symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although Aβ-induced impairment synaptic or intrinsic plasticity is known occur before any cell death, links between these neurophysiological changes and loss specific types behavioral are not fully understood. Here we used a behaviorally physiologically tractable animal model investigate electrophysiological in absence defined network underlying...
Deficiency in insulin secretion and function that characterize type 2 diabetes often requires administration of extraneous insulin, leading to injection-site amyloidosis. Insulin aggregation at neutral pH is not well understood. Although oligomer formation believed play an important role, oligomers have been fully characterized yet. Here, we elucidate similarities differences between vitro acidic for a range concentrations (2.5-100 μM) by using kinetic thioflavin T fluorescence, circular...
A growing number of observations indicate that soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers play a major role in Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies strongly suggest at least some the neurotoxic effects these are mediated by cellular, membrane-anchored prion protein and Aβ neurotoxicity can be inhibited recombinant (rPrP) its fragments. However, mechanism which rPrP interacts with prevents their toxicity is largely unknown, this regard hindered large structural heterogeneity oligomers. To overcome...
In this paper the immobilization of small unilamellar DMPC/GM1 lipid vesicles containing a water-soluble bodipy dye is described. The binding complete αβ toxin expressed by Vibrio cholerae to attached was measured using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and value dissociation constant Kd obtained. Further measurements showed that interaction both αβ-toxin β-subunit alone resulted in permeation membrane, with release fluorophore contained within vesicle being combined SPR enhanced Fluorescence...
Polymer masked–unmasked protein therapy (PUMPT) uses conjugation of a biodegradable polymer, such as dextrin, hyaluronic acid, or poly(l-glutamic acid), to mask peptide's activity; subsequent locally triggered degradation the polymer at target site regenerates bioactivity in controllable fashion. Although concept PUMPT is well established, relationship between unmasking and reinstatement unclear. Here, we used dextrin–colistin conjugates study molecular structure (degree unmasking)...
Xanthommatin (Xa) is a naturally occurring broad-spectrum dye present in arthropods and cephalopods. In these animals, Xa enzymatically produced via the oxidative cyclization of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-OHK), metabolite tryptophan, but it can also be synthesized vitro using an iron-based oxidizing agent. While optoelectronic properties (e.g., high refractive index, redox-sensitive color) both natural synthetic forms have inspired its use materials, synthesis faces challenges, terms scalability...
The increasing interest in using nanoporous and mesoporous films for a range of applications including sensors solar cells has created concomitant demand the development analytical methodologies to study situ. Especially important is ability quantify filling such with guest molecules, be they dyes or proteins. In this paper we have demonstrated simple methodology highly sensitive monitoring titania as protein both adsorbed in, removed from film matrix: optical waveguide mode spectroscopy....