A5017414861- Agricultural safety and regulations
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Heavy metals in environment
- Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals
- Food composition and properties
- Dye analysis and toxicity
- Health and Medical Studies
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Trace Elements in Health
- Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Digestive system and related health
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Risk and Safety Analysis
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Heavy Metals in Plants
- Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes
Federal Institute for Risk Assessment
2015-2024
European Food Safety Authority
2016
Copper is an essential micronutrient and also a regulated product used in organic conventional farming pest management. Both deficiency excessive exposure to copper can have adverse health effects. In this Scientific Opinion, the EFSA 2021 harmonised approach for establishing health-based guidance values (HBGVs) substances that are products nutrients was resolve divergent existing HBGVs copper. The tightly homeostasis prevents toxicity manifestation short term, but development of chronic...
In 2009 competent organisations in the European Union provided Food Safety Authority (EFSA) with data from most recent national dietary survey at level of individuals' consumption. Twenty different Member States EFSA 22 surveys, consumption figures for adults and, when available, children. States' were assembled into Comprehensive Consumption Database. this paper an overview methodologies and protocols employed surveys is provided. Specifically, details about assessment methods, interview...
The present opinion deals with the re-evaluation of safety food-grade carrageenan (E 407) and processes Eucheuma seaweed 407a) used as food additives. Because structural similarities, Panel concluded that processed can be included in evaluation carrageenan. Poligeenan (average molecular weight 10-20 kDa) has not been authorised a additive is any applications. In its 407a), noted ADME database was sufficient to conclude absorbed intact; subchronic toxicity study performed almost complying EU...
The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to (ANS) provided a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of potassium nitrite (E 249) sodium 250) when used as food additives. ADIs established by SCF (1997) JECFA (2002) for were 0-0.06 0-0.07 mg/kg bw per day, respectively. available information did not indicate
The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to (ANS) provided a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of sodium nitrate (E 251) potassium 252) when used as food additives. current acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) for 3.7 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day were established by SCF (1997) JECFA (2002). available data did not indicate genotoxic potential nitrate. carcinogenicity studies in mice rats negative. considered derivation an ADI based formation methaemoglobin, following...
Arsenic can occur in foods as inorganic and organic forms. Inorganic arsenic is more toxic than most water-soluble compounds such arsenobetaine, which presumed to be harmless for humans. Within the first German total diet study, arsenic, dimethylarsinic acid monomethylarsonic were analyzed various foods. Highest levels of found fish, fish products seafood (mean: 1.43 mg kg−1; n = 39; min–max: 0.01–6.15 kg−1), with arsenobetaine confirmed predominant species (1.233 0.01–6.23 kg−1). In...
The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of glutamic acid-glutamates (E 620-625) when used as food additives. Glutamate is absorbed in intestine it presystemically metabolised gut wall. No adverse effects were observed available short-term, subchronic, chronic, reproductive developmental studies. only effect was increased kidney weight spleen weight; however, increase organ not accompanied by histopathological...
Choline is an important nutrient for humans. intake of the European population was assessed considering Food Safety Authority Comprehensive Consumption Database and United States Department Agriculture Nutrient Database. Average choline ranges were 151-210 mg/d among toddlers (1 to ≤3 years old), 177-304 other children (3 ≤10 244-373 adolescents (10 ≤18 291-468 adults (18 ≤65 284-450 elderly people (65 ≤75 old) 269-444 very (≥75 old). The intakes higher males compared with females, mainly...
The ANS Panel provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of glycerol (E 422) used as food additive. In 1981, Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) endorsed conclusion from Joint FAO/WHO Expert Additives (JECFA) in 1976 'acceptable daily intake (ADI) for man not specified'. concluded that has low acute toxicity and local irritating effects gastrointestinal tract reported some gavage studies was likely due to hygroscopic osmotic glycerol. Glycerol did raise concern with respect...
The occurrence of persistent organic pollutants like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food represents a public health concern. BfR MEAL Study was initiated to generate comprehensive data base for chemicals the most consumed foods Germany. Non-dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) PBDEs were analysed 300 foods, purchased prepared representatively eating behaviour population Highest levels NDL-PCBs detected spiny dogfish, cod liver, herring, eel. High...
Acrylamide (AA) is formed in foods due to thermal processes. AA was analysed 230 the first German Total Diet Study and highest mean levels of were found vegetable crisps (1430 μg/kg), followed by potato pancakes (558) μg/kg) pan-fried potatoes (450 μg/kg). In various foods, e.g. French fries sweet potatoes, also tested for different browning degrees cooking methods. cooked a degree 3 all methods exceeded benchmark level set European Union. prepared oven air fryer had lowest levels. from...
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The present opinion deals with the re-evaluation of alginic acid and its sodium, potassium, ammonium calcium salts (E 400-E 404) when used as food additives. Alginic are authorised additives in EU accordance Annex II III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008. Following conceptual framework for risk assessment certain re-evaluated under Commission (EU) 257/2010, Panel concluded that there was no need a numerical Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 400, E 401, 402, 403 404), safety concern at level...
The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of xanthan gum (E 415) as food additive. Following conceptual framework for risk assessment certain additives re-evaluated under Commission Regulation (EU) No 257/2010, considered that adequate exposure toxicity data were available. Based reported use levels, refined up 64 mg/kg bw per day in children general population, 38 consumers only supplements at high level 115...
The BfR MEAL Study provides representative levels of substances in foods consumed Germany. Mercury, cadmium, lead, and nickel are contaminants present introduced by environmental industrial processes. Levels these elements were investigated 356 foods. Foods purchased representatively, prepared as pooled with similar before analysis. Highest mean mercury determined fish seafood, while high cocoa products legumes, nuts, oilseeds, spices. sampling region, season, production type showed minor...
The German Total Diet Study (BfR MEAL Study) measured copper in 356 foods. In 105 of these foods was determined separately for conventionally and organically pooled samples. Mammalian liver, nuts, oilseeds, cocoa powder chia seeds contained the highest levels. Organically produced tended to have higher levels compared Children's exposure between 0.04 mg/kg body weight per day (mg/kg bw/day) 0.07 bw/day (median). High (95th percentile) ranged 0.11 bw/day. Adult's 0.02 (median) percentile)....
The present opinion deals with the re-evaluation of lecithins (E 322) when used as a food additive. Lecithins is an authorised additive in EU according to Annex II and III Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on additives, have been previously evaluated by JECFA 1973 SCF 1982. Among lecithins, phosphatidylcholine hydrolysed choline cytidine-5-diphosphate-choline pathway all cells body. Following conceptual framework for risk assessment certain additives re-evaluated under Commission (EU) 257/2010,...
The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of b-cyclodextrin (E 459) as food additive.b-Cyclodextrin is non-reducing cyclic oligosaccharide consisting seven a-1,4-linked D-glucopyranosyl units.The Scientific Committee (SCF) allocated an acceptable daily intake (ADI) 5 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day in 1996.b-Cyclodextrin poorly absorbed following oral administration animals humans.It hydrolysed maltose glucose...
The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to (ANS) provides a scientific opinion the refined exposure assessment of extracts rosemary (E 392) when used as food additive. Extracts was evaluated by AFC in 2008. Following this evaluation, authorised for use additive EU several categories with maximum levels. In 2015, ANS provided safety proposed extensions fat-based spreads. 2016, Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee (JECFA) has established temporary acceptable daily intake (ADI)...
The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of fatty acids (E 570) when used as food additive. additive includes caprylic- (C8), capric- (C10), lauric- (C12), myristic- (C14), palmitic- (C16), stearic- (C18) oleic acid (C18:1), present alone or in combination. In 1991, Scientific Committee (SCF) established group acceptable daily intake (ADI) 'not specified' for (myristic, stearic, palmitic acid). are absorbed...
For risk assessment purposes, the dietary exposure to total arsenic and inorganic was estimated within first German diet study (BfR MEAL Study) for whole population in Germany. Therefore, occurrence data of 356 different foods from BfR Study were combined with consumption nutrition surveys. Due toxicological potentials other water-soluble organic species present rice-based foods, fish seafood, dimethylarsinic acid, monomethylarsonic acid arsenobetaine assessed consumers Germany through such...