The purpose of this study was to examine the role branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation during recovery from intense eccentric exercise.Twenty-four non-weight-trained males were assigned one two groups: group (supplementary, SUP) ingested BCAA beverages (n = 12); second (placebo, PLA) artificially flavored water 12). Diet controlled throughout testing period match habitual intake. exercise protocol consisted 12 x 10 repetitions unilateral knee extension at 120% concentric...

The aim of the present study was to determine mitochondrial and myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis (MPS) when carbohydrate (CHO) or plus (C+P) beverages were ingested following prolonged cycling exercise. intracellular mechanisms thought regulate MPS also investigated. In a single-blind, cross-over study, 10 trained cyclists (age 29 ± 6 years, VO2max 66.5 5.1 ml kg(−1) min(−1)) completed two trials in randomized order. Subjects cycled for 90 min at 77 1% before ingesting CHO (25 g...

The ingestion of intact protein or essential amino acids (EAA) stimulates mechanistic target rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) signaling and muscle synthesis (MPS) following resistance exercise. purpose this study was to investigate the response myofibrillar-MPS branched-chain (BCAAs) only (i.e., without concurrent other EAA, protein, macronutrients) exercise in humans. Ten young (20.1 ± 1.3 years), resistance-trained men completed two trials, ingesting either 5.6 g BCAA a placebo (PLA) drink...

Kisspeptin neuropeptides are encoded by the Kiss1 gene and play a critical role in regulation of mammalian reproductive axis. neurones found two locations rodent hypothalamus: one arcuate nucleus ( ARC ) another RP 3V region, which includes anteroventral periventricular AVPV ). Detailed mapping fibre distribution will help with our understanding action these other regions brain. We have generated transgenic mouse coding region is disrupted CRE ‐ GFP transgene so that expression recombinase...

ABSTRACT Purpose Musculoskeletal injuries necessitate periods of disuse (i.e., limb immobilization) during which rapid skeletal muscle atrophy occurs. The relative susceptibility different muscles the thigh to remains uninvestigated. We assessed individual throughout 1 wk unilateral knee immobilization. Methods Thirteen healthy, young (20.2 ± 0.6 yr) men underwent 7 d leg immobilization via bracing. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed bilaterally prior to, and following 2...

The present study investigated the fitness and health effects of medium-term soccer training for untrained hypertensive middle-age men.Thirty-three males (31-54 yr) with mild-to-moderate hypertension were randomized 2:1 to a group (STG, two 1-h sessions per week, n = 22, 68% on medication) doctor advice receiving traditional physician-guided recommendations cardiovascular risk factor modification (DAG, 11, 73% medication). Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA time-group statistics was...

Abstract The present study investigated the heart rate (HR) response to various types of physical education (PE) activities for 8‐ 9‐year‐olds (five school classes, n = 93) and fitness effects a short‐term PE training programme (three five 59) with high compared low‐to‐moderate aerobic intensity. HR was recorded during small‐sided indoor soccer (SO), basketball (BB), unihockey (UH), circuit (CT), walking (W) Nintendo Wii Boxing (NWB) Tennis (NWT). Maximal (HRmax) determined by Yo‐Yo...

This randomized controlled study investigated the effectiveness of soccer and Z umba on fitness health indicators in female participants recruited from a workplace. One hundred seven hospital employees were cluster‐randomized to either group ( SG ), ZG or control CG ). Intervention effects for two training groups compared with . The was conducted outside working hours as 2–3 1‐h sessions per week 12 weeks. Peak oxygen uptake VO 2peak fat percentage, mass, bone mineral content, plasma...

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, but no study has identified the influence of HIIT on endothelial and autonomic function this group. Thirteen 13- to 14-yr-old adolescents (6 girls) completed six sessions over 2 wk. Each session consisted eight ten 1-min repetitions cycling at 90% peak power interspersed with 75 s unloaded cycling. Traditional (triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, insulin, blood pressure)...

Short-term muscle disuse has been reported to lower both postabsorptive and postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. This study assessed the impact of on daily rates following short-term (2 7 days) under free living conditions. Thirteen healthy young men (age: 20 ± 1 yr; BMI: 23 kg/m −2 ) underwent days unilateral leg immobilization via a knee brace, with nonimmobilized acting as control. Four before participants ingested 400 mL 70% deuterated water, 50-mL doses consumed...

We recently presented an integrating model of the curvature constant hyperbolic power-time relationship (W') that permits calculation W' balance (W'BAL) remaining at any time during intermittent exercise. Although a between recovery power and rate was demonstrated, effect length work or intervals remains unclear.After determining VO2max, critical power, W', 11 subjects completed six separate exercise tests on cycle ergometer different days, in random order. Tests consisted period...

The purpose of the present study was to examine effect increased protein intake on short-term decrements in endurance performance during a block high-intensity training.Trained male cyclists (VO(2max) = 64.2 ± 6.5 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)) completed two 3-wk trials both divided equally into normal (NOR), intensified (INT), and recovery (REC) training. In counterbalanced crossover experimental design, received either high-protein (PRO; 3 g protein·kg(-1) body mass (BM)·d(-1)) or diet (CON; 1.5...

We examined whether exercise-induced lymphocytosis and lymphocytopenia are impaired with high-intensity training.Eight trained cyclists (VO(2max) = 64.2 ± 6.5 mL · kg(-1) min(-1)) undertook 1 wk of normal-intensity training a second week training. On day 7 each week, participants performed cycling task, consisting 120 min submaximal exercise followed by 45-min time trial. Blood was collected before, during, after exercise. CD8(+) T lymphocytes (CD8(+)TLs) were identified, as well CD8(+)TL...

Abstract We examined effects of a 3-month football training programme in overweight children using comprehensive echocardiography and peripheral arterial tonometry. Twenty preadolescent (17 boys, 3 girls aged 8–12 yrs; body mass index [BMI] ≥ 85th percentile) participated structured programme, consisting 4 weekly 60–90 min sessions with mean heart rate (HR) > 80% HRmax (football group, FG). A parallel control group (CG) included 11 (7 girls) equivalent age from an obesity clinic. After...

Abstract We investigated the musculoskeletal health profile of elite female football players (ET) in comparison to untrained (UT) young women subjected 16 weeks training (2 × 1 h per week). DXA scans, blood sampling, sprint testing and Flamingo postural balance were carried out for 27 Danish national team 28 women, with eight being tested after training. At baseline total BMD BMC 13% (1.305 ± 0.050 versus 1.159 0.056 g · cm−2) 23% (3047 235 2477 526 g) higher (P <0.001) leg 24 28% <0.01) ET...

Caffeine has been shown to enhance exercise performance and capacity. The mechanisms remain unclear but are suggested relate adenosine receptor antagonism, resulting in increased central motor drive, reduced perception of effort, altered peripheral processes such as enhanced calcium handling extracellular potassium regulation. Our aims were investigate how caffeine (i) affects knee extensor PCr kinetics pH during repeated sets single-leg task failure (ii) modulates the interplay between...

Acute exercise transiently improves endothelial function and protects the vasculature from deleterious effects of a high-fat meal (HFM). We sought to identify whether this response is dependent on intensity in adolescents. Twenty adolescents (10 male, 14.3 ± 0.3 yr) completed three 1-day trials: 1) rest (CON); 2) 8 × 1 min cycling at 90% peak power with 75 s recovery [high-intensity interval (HIIE)]; 3) gas exchange threshold [moderate-intensity (MIE)] h before consuming HFM (1.50 g/kg fat)....

This study aimed to examine the physical capacity and physiological response Yo-Yo Intermittent Endurance level 2 test (IE2) for untrained individuals (UTR) trained male soccer players (TR) investigate determinants of intense intermittent exercise performance.Thirty-four healthy UTR males 15 age-matched TR performed a maximal incremental treadmill IE2 test. Muscle biopsies blood samples were obtained, heart rate (HR) was measured before, during, after tests.UTR had 67% lower (P < 0.01)...

ABSTRACT Introduction Montmorency cherry concentrate (MCC) supplementation enhances functional recovery from exercise, potentially due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, date, supporting empirical evidence for these mechanistic hypotheses is reliant on indirect blood biomarkers. This study the first investigate exercise alongside molecular changes within exercised muscle after MCC supplementation. Methods Ten participants completed two maximal unilateral eccentric knee...