A5034251158- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Seed and Plant Biochemistry
University of Exeter
2019-2025
University of California, Irvine
2023
University of Birmingham
2014-2020
University College London
2019
Campbellsville University
2019
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
2019
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central mediator protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. We utilized immunofluorescence approaches to study mTOR cellular distribution and protein-protein co-localisation human muscle the basal state as well immediately, 1 3 h after an acute bout resistance exercise fed (FED; 20 g Protein/40 carbohydrate/1 fat) or energy-free control (CON) state. lysosomal LAMP2 were highly co-localised samples. Resistance resulted rapid translocation mTOR/LAMP2...
Studies in murine cell lines and mouse models suggest that IL-15 promotes myogenesis may protect against the inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy which occurs sarcopenia cachexia. The effects of on human growth development remain largely uncharacterised. Myogenic cultures were isolated from young elderly subjects. Myoblasts differentiated for 8 d, with or without addition recombinant cytokines (rIL-15, rTNFα) an receptor neutralising antibody. Although myotubes 19% thinner derived...
Abstract Adiposity and adipokines are implicated in the loss of skeletal muscle mass with age several chronic disease states. The aim this study was to determine effects human obese lean subcutaneous adipose tissue secretome on myogenesis metabolism cells derived from both young (18–30 yr) elderly (>65 individuals. Obese impaired old myoblasts but not myoblasts. Resistin prolifically secreted by myotube thickness nuclear fusion activation classical NFκB pathway. Depletion resistin...
Shatavari is a herbal dietary supplement that may increase skeletal muscle strength in younger and older adults. contains compounds with both estradiol-like antioxidant properties, which could enhance function. Postmenopausal women derive the greatest benefit, as estrogen deficiency adversely impacts However, mechanistic insights are limited effects of shatavari on function require further characterization. In this randomized, double-blind trial, 17 young (23 ± 5 yr) 22 (63 completed an...
Muscle wasting is a common feature of inflammatory myopathies. Glucocorticoids (GCs), although effective at suppressing inflammation and muscle loss, also cause myopathy with prolonged administration. 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) bidirectional GC-activating enzyme that potently upregulated by within mesenchymal-derived tissues. We assessed the regulation this in muscle, examined its functional impact on muscle. The expression 11β-HSD1 response to proinflammatory stimuli...
Limited evidence suggests that the consumption of polyphenols may improve glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity. The gut microbiome produces phenolic metabolites increases their bioavailability. A handful studies have suggested polyphenol alters composition. There are no data available investigating such effects in polyphenol-rich Montmorency cherry (MC) supplementation. total 28 participants (aged 40–60 years) were randomized to receive daily MC or glucose energy-matched placebo...
ABSTRACT Introduction Montmorency cherry concentrate (MCC) supplementation enhances functional recovery from exercise, potentially due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, date, supporting empirical evidence for these mechanistic hypotheses is reliant on indirect blood biomarkers. This study the first investigate exercise alongside molecular changes within exercised muscle after MCC supplementation. Methods Ten participants completed two maximal unilateral eccentric knee...
Shatavari is an understudied, widely available herbal supplement. It contains steroidal saponins and phytoestrogens. We previously showed that six weeks of shatavari supplementation improved handgrip strength increased markers myosin contractile function. Mechanistic insights into shatavari's actions are limited. Therefore, we performed proteomics on vastus lateralis (VL) samples remained from our original study.
Montmorency cherry (MC) can improve endurance performance, but optimal pre-exercise timing of supplementation and influence training status on efficacy are unknown. We investigated the effect MC concentrate ingestion between 30- 150-min in trained recreational cyclists 15-km time trial (TT) performance exercise economy. Twenty participants (10 recreationally active, RA; 10 trained, T) completed min steady-state (SSE) at 40%Δ a TT four separate occasions following an unsupplemented (US), 30-,...
It is often desirable to characterise the morphology of myogenic cultures. To achieve this, surface area myotubes quantified, along with nuclear fusion index (NFI). Existing methods such quantification are time-consuming and subject error-prone human input. We have developed MyoCount, an open-source program that runs via freely available MATLAB Runtime quantifies myotube NFI. MyoCount allows user adjust its parameters account for differences in image quality, magnification colour channels...
Shatavari has long been used as an Ayurvedic herb for women’s health, but empirical evidence its effectiveness lacking. contains phytoestrogenic compounds that bind to the estradiol receptor. Postmenopausal deficiency contributes sarcopenia and osteoporosis. In a randomised double-blind trial, 20 postmenopausal women (68.5 ± 6 years) ingested either placebo (N = 10) or shatavari 10; 1000 mg/d, equivalent 26,500 mg/d fresh weight shatavari) weeks. Handgrip knee extensor strength were measured...
We evaluated the effectiveness of a 3-week, daily meal provision service by non-profit provider on physical and psychological wellbeing an older adult population. further examined feasibility carrying out such measures in participant's homes. 19 participants (8M, 11F; 78.3 ± 8.7 years) received 3 meals per day for 21 days supplemented these ad libitum. Risk malnutrition (Mini Nutritional Assessment; MNA) body composition, blood pressure, handgrip strength, balance, mobility, loneliness,...
What is the central question of study? Is Vps34 a nutrient-sensitive activator mTORC1 in human skeletal muscle? main finding and its importance? We show that altering nutrient availability, via protein-carbohydrate feeding, does not increase kinase activity muscle. Instead, feeding increased Vps34-mTORC1 co-localization parallel to activity. These findings may have important implications understanding nutrient-induced activation muscle interaction with Vps34.The Class III PI3Kinase, Vps34,...
Tart cherry (TC) supplementation can improve exercise recovery and performance; may also sleep duration quality. This study investigated the use knowledge of TC by athletes all competitive levels. Eighty participants (52.5% elite (international, national, professional), 47.5% sub-elite (semi-professional, state/regional, county level, club recreational)) completed an online questionnaire investigating their attitudes towards supplementation. Overall, 22.6% were using or had previously used...
Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle dysfunction play a central role in cardiometabolic morbidity. Ashwagandha Andrographis are purported to have anti-inflammatory antioxidant activity, but this is based on exposure of cells the parent compounds ignoring phytochemical absorption metabolism. We explored anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effects ashwagandha ex vivo human models adipose tissue. Healthy participants supplemented with 2000 mg/day (n = 10) or 1100 for 28 days. Sera collected pre (D0)...
Abstract The Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced mortality and cognitive decline, largely due to its polyphenol content. However, Western populations often do not meet recommended fruit vegetable intakes. Polyphenols exert anti-inflammatory effects may influence extracellular vesicle (EV) dynamics. DailyColors™ a polyphenol-rich blend inspired by the Diet, containing extracts from 16 fruits, vegetables, herbs. This 60-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial involved...
To determine whether daily provision of a high protein, energy meal for 12-weeks to under-nourished older adults living independently in the community can improve physical, physiological, and psychological outcomes.
Resistance training (RT) is the gold standard intervention for ameliorating sarcopenia. Outstanding mechanistic questions remain regarding malleability of molecular determinants skeletal muscle function in older age. Discovery proteomics can expand such knowledge. We aimed to compare effect RT on proteome and neuromuscular (NMF) younger women. Seven young (22 ± 6 years) eight (63 5 women completed 8 weeks' leg RT. Pre- post-training, measures handgrip strength, NMF vastus lateralis (VL)...
Tart cherry (TC) supplementation has been shown to accelerate post-exercise recovery, enhance endurance performance and improve sleep duration quality. This study aimed identify the use, practices attitudes of sports nutrition strength conditioning practitioners towards tart supplementation. Thirty-five anonymously completed an online survey investigating their supplements. Forty-six percent responders were currently recommending TC supplements, 11% had previously recommended supplements 26%...
Abstract Background Shatavari has long been used as an Ayurvedic herb for women’s health, but empirical evidence its effectiveness lacking. contains phytoestrogenic compounds that bind to the estradiol receptor, and may therefore benefit postmenopausal women since deficiency contributes sarcopenia osteoporosis. Methods In a randomised double-blind trial, 20 (68.5 ± 6 y) ingested either placebo (N=10) or shatavari (N=10; 1000 mg/d, equivalent 26,500 mg/d fresh weight shatavari) weeks....
Purpose: Considerable interest surrounds the use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) as therapeutics, primarily due to their low immunogenicity and ability secrete paracrine mediators. While MSCs possess potential modify inflammatory injury, recruitment injured tissues is generally poor. We investigated whether ex vivo pretreatment with cytokines or chemical factors could enhance MSC tissues. also considered these techniques influence therapeutic following ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury....
Abstract Purpose Shatavari is an understudied but widely available herbal supplement. It contains steroidal saponins and phytoestrogenic compounds. We previously showed that 6 weeks of shatavari supplementation improved handgrip strength increased markers myosin contractile function. Mechanistic insights into shatavari’s actions are limited. Therefore, we performed global proteomics on vastus lateralis ( VL ) samples remained from our original study. Methods In a randomised double-blind...