A5002203443- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Metal complexes synthesis and properties
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
University of London
2002-2024
University of Milan
2024
Universidad de Londres
2024
University of Copenhagen
2024
Fordham University
2024
Aalborg University
2024
University College Copenhagen
2024
Government of Ireland
2024
University College Dublin
2024
Hamilton Medical Center
2023
The three-dimensional atomic structure of a single-stranded DNA virus has been determined. Infectious virions canine parvovirus contain 60 protein subunits that are predominantly VP-2. central structural motif VP-2 the same topology (an eight-stranded antiparallel beta barrel) as found in many other icosahedral viruses but represents only about one-third capsid protein. There is 22 angstrom (A) long protrusion on threefold axes, 15 A deep canyon circulating each five cylindrical structures...
WIN 51711 and 52084 are structurally related, antiviral compounds that inhibit the replication of rhino (common cold) viruses related picornaviruses. They prevent pH-mediated uncoating viral RNA. The consist a 3-methylisoxazole group inserts itself into hydrophobic interior VP1 beta-barrel, connecting seven-membered aliphatic chain, 4-oxazolinylphenoxy (OP) covers entrance to an ion channel in floor "canyon." Viral disassembly may be inhibited by preventing collapse pocket or blocking flow...
Mangrove wetlands exist in the transition zone between terrestrial and marine environments as such were historically overlooked discussions of carbon cycling. In recent decades, mangroves have increasingly been credited with producing burying large quantities organic (OC). The amount available data regarding OC burial mangrove soils has more than doubled since last primary literature review (2003). This includes from some largest, most developed forests world, providing an opportunity to...
A dynamic capsid is critical to the events that shape viral life cycle; such as cell attachment, entry, and nucleic acid release demand a highly mobile surface. Protein mass mapping of common cold virus, human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14), revealed both structural dynamics inhibition with an antiviral agent, WIN 52084. Viral digestion fragments resulting from proteolytic time-course experiments provided information in good agreement HRV14 three-dimensional crystal structure. As expected, initial...
Abstract Plant defensins are a family of small Cys-rich antifungal proteins that play important roles in plant defense against invading fungi. Structures several share Cys-stabilized α/β-motif. Structural determinants govern their activity and the mechanisms by which they inhibit fungal growth remain unclear. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seed defensin, MsDef1, strongly inhibits Fusarium graminearum vitro, its is markedly reduced presence Ca2+. By contrast, MtDef2 from Medicago truncatula,...
The binding to human rhinovirus 14 of a series eight antiviral agents that inhibit picornaviral uncoating after entry into host cells has been characterized crystallographically. All these bind the same hydrophobic pocket within viral protein VP1 beta-barrel structure, although orientation and position each compound was found differ. compounds cause shell be less flexible, thereby inhibiting disassembly. Although potency varies by 120-fold, they all induce conformational changes on virion....
An inverse relationship between the amount of seed predation and dominance a tree species in mangrove forest canopies has been hypothesized based on field studies conducted Australia (Smith 1987a). Seed experiments have recently performed forests North America (Florida Panama) southeast Asia (Malaysia) several Avicennia, Bruguiera, Rhizophora. The results these are compared with additional data from to test generality dominance—predation model. Significant differences were found four...
Plant defensins are small cysteine-rich antimicrobial proteins. Their three-dimensional structures similar in that they consist of an α-helix and three anti-parallel β-strands stabilized by four disulfide bonds. MsDef1 MtDef4 potent inhibitors the growth several filamentous fungi including Fusarium graminearum. However, differ markedly their antifungal properties as well modes action. induces prolific hyperbranching fungal hyphae, whereas does not. Both contain a highly conserved γ-core...
The mechanism of insulin dysregulation in children with hyperinsulinism associated inactivating mutations short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCHAD) was examined mice a knock-out the hadh gene (hadh(-/-)). hadh(-/-) had reduced levels plasma glucose and elevated levels, similar to SCHAD deficiency. were hypersensitive oral amino acid decrease level elevation insulin. Hypersensitivity can be explained by abnormal responses physiological mixture acids increased sensitivity leucine...
Insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells is stimulated glucose, amino acids, and other metabolic fuels. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) has been shown to play a regulatory role in this process. The importance of GDH was underscored features hyperinsulinemia/hyperammonemia syndrome, where dominant mutation causes the loss inhibition GTP ATP. Here we report effects green tea polyphenols on insulin secretion. Of four compounds tested, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) epicatechin were found...
MtDef4 is a 47-amino acid cysteine-rich evolutionary conserved defensin from model legume Medicago truncatula. It an apoplast-localized plant defense protein that inhibits the growth of ascomycetous fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum in vitro at micromolar concentrations. Little known about mechanisms by which mediates its antifungal activity. In this study, we show rapidly permeabilizes plasma membrane and internalized cells where it accumulates cytoplasm. Furthermore, analysis structure...
Differentiation of arteries and veins is essential for the development a functional circulatory system. In vertebrate embryos, genetic manipulation Notch signaling has demonstrated importance this pathway in driving artery endothelial cell differentiation. However, when where activation occurs to affect fate less clear. Using transgenic zebrafish bearing Notch-responsive reporter, we demonstrate that activated progenitors during vasculogenesis prior blood vessel morphogenesis maintained...