A5085256801- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
- Global Health and Surgery
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Blood disorders and treatments
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
St George's, University of London
2018-2025
St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2021
University of London
2020-2021
Institute of Infection and Immunity
2018-2021
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
2020
Institut Pasteur de Dakar
2020
Centre de Recherche Médicales de Lambaréné
2020
Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
2020
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2020
Wellcome Trust
2017-2018
Prior to the availability of anti-D immunoglobulin (anti-D Ig), incidence Rh D alloimmunisation in negative women following two deliveries positive, ABO-compatible, infants was approximately 16%, and haemolytic disease fetus newborn (HDN) due a significant cause morbidity mortality (Urbaniak & Greiss, 2000). Following routine post-partum administration Ig, rate dropped 2%. A further reduction sensitisation ranging from 0·17 0·28% achieved by introducing antenatal prophylaxis during third...
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis –specific antigen lipoarabinomannan measured in the urine of HIV-negative, pulmonary TB-infected patients correlates with disease severity.
Rationale: Platelets may interact with the immune system in tuberculosis (TB) to regulate human inflammatory responses that lead morbidity and spread of infection.Objectives: To identify a functional role platelets innate matrix-degrading response TB.Methods: Markers platelet activation were examined plasma from 50 patients TB before treatment control subjects. Twenty-five followed longitudinally. Platelet–monocyte interactions studied coculture model infected live, virulent Mycobacterium...
Cough is the major determinant of tuberculosis transmission. Despite this, there a paucity information regarding characteristics cough frequency throughout day and in response to therapy. Here we evaluate circadian cycle cough, risk factors, impact appropriate treatment on bacillary load. We prospectively evaluated human immunodeficiency virus–negative adults (n = 64) with new diagnosis culture-proven, drug-susceptible pulmonary immediately prior repeatedly until 62. At each time point,...
Abstract We report dynamics of seroconversion to SARS-CoV-2 infections detected by IgG ELISA in 177 individuals diagnosed RT-PCR. Longitudinal analysis identifies 2-8.5% who do not seroconvert even weeks after infection. They are younger than seroconverters have increased co-morbidity and higher inflammatory markers such as C-Reactive Protein. Higher antibody responses associated with non-white ethnicity. Antibody decline during follow up almost 2 months. Serological assays increase...
We investigated the dynamics of seroconversion in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. During March 29-May 22, 2020, we collected serum samples and associated clinical data from 177 persons London, UK, who had SARS-CoV-2 measured IgG against compared antibody levels with patient outcomes, demographic information, laboratory characteristics. found that 2.0%-8.5% did not seroconvert 3-6 weeks after Persons seroconverted were older, more likely to have...
Summary Here we describe an open and transparent consortium for the rapid development of COVID-19 diagnostics tests. We report diagnostic accuracy data on Mologic manufactured IgG ELISA known positive serum samples a panel negative respiratory viral pre-December 2019. In January, Mologic, embarked product pathway focusing tests (RDTs), with anticipated funding from Wellcome Trust DFID. 834 clinical patients hospital controls were tested Mologic’s ELISA. The reported sensitivity 270 124...
Cough is a key symptom of tuberculosis (TB) as well the main cause transmission. However, recent literature review found that cough frequency (number coughs per hour) in patients with TB has only been studied once, 1969. The aim this study to describe patterns before and after start treatment determine baseline factors affect these patients. Secondarily, we will evaluate correlation between microbiological resolution. This select participants culture confirmed from 2 tertiary hospitals Lima,...
In 2011 the World Health Organization approved Xpert MTB/RIF for tuberculosis diagnosis and recommended its rapid implementation. is accurate: sensitivity 72.5 -98.2% (smear-negative -positive cases, respectively) specificity 99.2%. Benefits include same-day simultaneous detection of rifampicin resistance. However, test has some shortcomings not had time thorough evaluation. Cost-effectiveness studies are difficult to perform few have been completed. Existing data suggest cost-effectiveness...
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is an important drug in the treatment of tuberculosis. Microbiological methods PZA susceptibility testing are controversial and have low reproducibility. After conversion into pyrazinoic acid (POA) by bacterial pyrazinamidase enzyme, expelled from bacteria efflux pump.To evaluate rate POA extrusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a parameter to detect resistance.The determined BACTEC 460 were measured for 34 strains previous study. resistance was modeled logistic regression...
Abstract Pyrazinamide (PZA) is an antibiotic used in first- and second-line tuberculosis treatment regimens. Approximately 50% of multidrug-resistant over 90% extensively drug-resistant strains are also PZA resistant. Despite the key role played by PZA, its mechanisms action not yet fully understood. It has been postulated that pyrazinoic acid (POA), hydrolyzed product could inhibit trans -translation binding to Ribosomal protein S1 (RpsA) competing with tmRNA, natural cofactor RpsA....
Abstract Accurate and rapid point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics are critical to the control of COVID-19 pandemic. The current standard for accurate diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 is laboratory-based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. Here, a preliminary prospective performance evaluation QuantuMDx Q-POC RT-PCR assay reported. Between November 2020 March 2021, 49 longitudinal combined nose/throat (NT) swabs from 29 individuals hospitalised with confirmed were obtained at St...
Summary Objective To establish which of the many possible linkages between tuberculosis (TB), direct observation treatment (DOTS), and social reality migrant workers in Kathmandu are most relevant to health outcomes economic well‐being these populations, amenable interventions high‐yield policy changes. Methods Fourteen semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted through an interpreter with male TB patients aged 18–50 years recruited from three DOTS clinics valley May 2005. The coded...
BackgroundCough frequency, and its duration, is a biomarker that can be used in low-resource settings without the need of laboratory culture has been associated with transmission treatment response. Radiologic characteristics increased cough frequency may important understanding transmission. The relationship between cavitary lung disease not studied.MethodsWe analyzed data 41 adults who were HIV negative had culture-confirmed, drug-susceptible pulmonary TB throughout treatment. Cough...
Although pyrazinamide (PZA) is a key component of first- and second-line tuberculosis treatment regimens, there no gold standard to determine PZA resistance. Approximately 50% multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) over 90% extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB) strains are also resistant. pncA sequencing the endorsed test evaluate susceptibility. However, molecular methods have limitations for their wide application. In this study, we standardized evaluated new method, MODS-Wayne, MODS-Wayne based on...
This article presents a case of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Peruvian infant. His mother was diagnosed with disseminated TB, and treatment commenced 11 days postpartum. The infant TB after 40 died at 2 months age. Congenital transmission to the suspected, because direct postpartum considered unlikely; also, thorough screening contacts for negative. Spoligotyping confirmed that both baby were infected identical strains Beijing family (SIT1).
In this study, 132 patients with lymphadenopathy were investigated. Fifty-two (39.4%) diagnosed tuberculosis (TB). The microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay provided rapid (13 days), accurate diagnosis (sensitivity, 65.4%) and reliable testing (DST). Despite its lower sensitivity than that of other methods, faster results simultaneous DST are advantageous in resource-poor settings, supporting the incorporation MODS into diagnostic algorithms for extrapulmonary TB.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection causes marked tissue inflammation leading to lung destruction and morbidity. The inflammatory extracellular microenvironment is acidic, however the effect of this acidosis on immune response M.tb unknown. Using RNA-seq we show that produces system level transcriptional change in infected human macrophages regulating almost 4000 genes. Acidosis specifically upregulated matrix (ECM) degradation pathways with increased expression Matrix...