A5045760956- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Malaria Research and Control
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Vectors
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2016-2025
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
2022
University of Liverpool
2020-2021
National Institute for Health Research
2020
Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2020
National Health Service
2020
Institut Pasteur de Dakar
2020
University of London
2020
Centre de Recherche Médicales de Lambaréné
2020
Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
2020
Abstract In the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic there has been an increase use antigen-detection rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT). The performance Ag-RDT vary greatly between manufacturers and evaluating their analytical limit detection (LOD) become high priority. Here we describe a manufacturer-independent evaluation LOD 19 marketed using live SARS-CoV-2 spiked in different matrices: direct culture supernatant, dry swab, swab Amies. Additionally, was investigated...
Abstract PCR of upper respiratory specimens is the diagnostic standard for severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. However, saliva sampling an easy alternative to nasal and throat swabbing. We found similar viral loads in samples swab from 110 patients with disease.
BackgroundAlthough recent epidemiological data suggest that pneumococci may contribute to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 disease, cases coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during hospitalization have been reported infrequently. This apparent contradiction be explained by interactions severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and upper airway, resulting escape from protective host immune responses.MethodsHere, we investigated relationship...
CD4 + CD25 hi CD127 lo/− FOXP3 regulatory T cells (T regs ) play a key role in preventing autoimmunity. In autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D), adoptive transfer of autologous polyclonal has been shown to be safe adults phase clinical trials. We explored factors contributing efficacy expanded (expT randomized 2 multi-center, double-blind, trial (Sanford/Lisata Therapeutics T-Rex trial, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02691247). One hundred ten treated children and adolescents with new-onset T1D were...
We investigated the dynamics of seroconversion in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. During March 29-May 22, 2020, we collected serum samples and associated clinical data from 177 persons London, UK, who had SARS-CoV-2 measured IgG against compared antibody levels with patient outcomes, demographic information, laboratory characteristics. found that 2.0%-8.5% did not seroconvert 3-6 weeks after Persons seroconverted were older, more likely to have...
We designed a multiplex qPCR to differentiate monkeypox virus clades. In evaluations using clinical samples collected in the UK and Nigeria, assay had an overall sensitivity of 78% (95% CI: 67.67% 86.14%) specificity 94% 80.84% 99.30%); for under Ct35 was 98% 91.72% 99.96%) 99.30%).
Objective To conduct a head-to-head diagnostic accuracy evaluation of anterior nares (AN) and nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs for SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection using two brands rapid tests (Ag-RDT). Methods Two prospective evaluations were carried out at different time points participant cohorts to evaluate the performance paired AN NP in Ag-RDT brands: Sure-Status (PMC, India) Biocredit (RapiGEN, South Korea). The sensitivity specificity each index test calculated against reverse transcription...
Plasmodium falciparum and vivax infections are important causes of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the Asia-Pacific region. We hypothesised that monthly intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) or screening (IST) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is more effective reducing malaria than existing single (SST) strategy, which used to screen women for at first antenatal visit followed by passive case detection, management febrile cases.
We screened serum samples referred to the national reference laboratory in Guatemala that were positive for chikungunya or dengue viruses June 2015. Co-infection with both was detected by reverse transcription PCR 46 (32%) of 144 samples. Specimens should be tested arboviruses detect co-infections.
Serological testing is emerging as a powerful tool to progress our understanding of COVID-19 exposure, transmission and immune response. Large-scale limited by the need for in-person blood collection staff trained in venepuncture, sensitivity lateral flow tests. Capillary self-sampling postage laboratories analysis could provide reliable alternative. Two-hundred nine matched venous capillary samples were obtained from thirty participants analysed using IgG ELISA detect antibodies against...
Replication of a recombinant herpesvirus turkey vaccine expressing infectious laryngotracheitis virus genes (rHVT-LT) was evaluated in specific pathogen free (SPF) and commercial broiler chickens after various vaccination protocols (amniotic route at embryonation day [ED] 18; intra-embryonic ED 19; subcutaneous 1 age [s.c.]). Three experiments were conducted: the first experiment, replication rHVT-LT chronologically compared with (HVT) SPF chickens; second effect different ovo procedures on...
Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems in Gram-negative bacteria is chiefly mediated by beta-lactamases including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC, carbapenemase enzymes. Routine phenotypic detection methods do not provide timely results, there a lack of comprehensive molecular panels covering all important markers. An ESBL/carbapenemase high-resolution melt analysis (HRM) assay (SHV, TEM, CTX-M ESBL families, NDM, IMP, KPC, VIM OXA-48–like carbapenemases)...
Abstract Objectives Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy two point-of-care (POC) molecular tests for the detection monkeypox virus (MPXV): Xpert® Mpox (Cepheid, Inc., USA) and STANDARD™ M10 MPX/OPX (SD Biosensor, Korea). Methods Diagnostic both platforms was evaluated using 53 upper-respiratory swabs (URS) 32 skin lesions (SS) collected from mpox COVID-19 patients in UK against Sansure (Sansure Biotech Inc.) CDC reference qPCR tests. The analytical sensitivity assessed a viral isolate lineage...
The identification of the bacterial species responsible for an infection remains important step selection antimicrobial therapy. Gram-negative bacteria are source hospital and community acquired infections frequently resistant. Speciation is typically carried out by biochemical profiling organisms isolated from clinical specimens, which time consuming delays initiation tailored treatment. Whilst molecular methods such as PCR have been used, they often struggle with challenge detecting...
Abstract Objectives Neonatal sepsis, a major cause of death amongst infants in sub-Saharan Africa, is often gut derived. Gut colonisation by Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenemase enzymes can lead to antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) untreatable infections. We sought explore the rates ESBL producers two neonatal units (NNUs) West and East Africa. Methods Stool rectal swab samples were taken at multiple timepoints from newborns admitted NNUs...
Abstract RT-qPCR utilising upper respiratory swabs are the diagnostic gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 despite reported low sensitivity and limited scale up due to global shortages. Saliva is a non-invasive, equipment independent alternative swabs. We collected 145 paired saliva nasal/throat (NT) at diagnosis (day 0) repeated on day 2 7 dependent inpatient care 28 study follow up. Laboratory cultured virus was used determine analytical of spiked containing amies preservation media....
Abstract Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common enzymopathy in humans, is prevalent tropical and subtropical areas where malaria endemic. Anti-malarial drugs, such as primaquine tafenoquine, can cause haemolysis G6PD-deficient individuals. Hence, G6PD testing recommended before radical treatment against vivax malaria. Phenotypic assays have been widely used for screening but heterozygous females, random lyonization causes difficulty interpreting...
There are an abundance of commercially available lateral flow assays (LFAs) that detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Whilst these usually evaluated by the manufacturer, externally performed diagnostic accuracy studies assess performance essential. Herein we present evaluation 12 LFAs.
Resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) in Escherichia coli has predominantly been associated with mechanisms that confer resistance third-generation cephalosporins. Recent reports have identified E. strains phenotypic but susceptibility cephalosporins (TZP-R/3GC-S). In this study we sought determine the genetic diversity of phenotype ( n =58) isolated between 2014–2017 at a single tertiary hospital Liverpool, UK, as well mechanisms. We compare our findings UK-wide collection invasive...
Chikungunya was introduced into the Americas in 2015 causing a pandemic across continent. Testing during acute phase of infection relies on qRT-PCR, but available assays have number limitations. A qRT-PCR assay specific to chikungunya E1 gene designed using sequence data from contemporary strains. probit analysis established 95% limit detection as 19.6 copies per reaction. We compared with US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reference standard. The had sensitivity and specificity 98.4% 100%...
Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial widely available in sub-Saharan Africa. With susceptibility re-emerging among Enterobacteriaceae Blantyre, Malawi, we designed and evaluated new high-resolution melt (HRM) RT-PCR assay, ChloS-HRM, to identify chloramphenicol-susceptible infections hospital setting.
Abstract Chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a heterodimeric placental glycoprotein hormone essential for human reproduction. Twenty hCG β‐subunit residues, termed the seatbelt, are wrapped around α‐subunit loop 2 (α2) and their positions “latched” by disulfide formed cysteines at end of seatbelt (Cys 110) in core 26). This unique arrangement explains stability heterodimer but raises questions as to how two subunits combine. The latched free β‐subunit. If remained during process subunit...
Abstract Introduction Scale‐up of HIV self‐testing ( HIVST ) will play a key role in meeting the United Nation's 90‐90‐90 targets. Delayed re‐reading used devices has been by early implementation studies to validate performance self‐test kits and estimate positivity among self‐testers. We investigated stability results on under controlled conditions assess its potential as quality assurance approach for scale‐up. Methods 444 OraQuick ® ‐1/2 rapid antibody tests were conducted using...