A5028412165- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Global Health and Surgery
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Urban Agriculture and Sustainability
- Noise Effects and Management
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Biomedical and Engineering Education
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2019-2024
Kema International (Netherlands)
2017
Background Although 1 billion people live in informal (slum) settlements, the consequences for respiratory health of living these settlements remain largely unknown. This study investigated whether children an settlement Nairobi, Kenya are at increased risk asthma symptoms. Methods Children attending schools Mukuru (an Nairobi) and a more affluent area (Buruburu) were compared. Questionnaires quantified symptoms environmental exposures; spirometry was performed; personal exposure to...
Abstract Background Universal access to basic sanitation remains a global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Efforts are underway improve informal settlements, often through shared facilities. However, these facilities their potential health gains—notably, the prevention of diarrheal diseases—may be hampered by contextual aspects related physical environment. This study explored associations between built environment perceived safety toilets, latter infections....
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a poisonous gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels that linked to mortality and morbidity. Household air pollution from burning on poorly ventilated stoves can lead high concentrations CO in homes. There are few datasets available household urban areas sub-Saharan African countries. was measured every minute over 24 hours sample homes Nairobi, Kenya. Data characteristics were gathered questionnaire. Metrics exposure summarised analysis temporal...
Objectives Early diagnosis and timely treatment are key elements of a successful healthcare system. We assessed the role socioeconomic cultural norms in accelerating or decelerating uptake utilisation health technologies into policy practice. Setting Secondary tertiary level facilities (HCFs) three East African countries. Level HCF was selected based on WHO recommendation for implantation tuberculosis (TB) molecular diagnostics. Participants Using implementation TB diagnostics as model, we...
Background Early access to diagnosis is crucial for effective management of any disease including tuberculosis (TB). We investigated the barriers and opportunities maximise uptake utilisation molecular diagnostics in routine healthcare settings. Methods Using implementation WHO approved TB diagnostics, Xpert Mycobacterium /rifampicin (MTB/RIF) Line Probe Assay (LPA) as a benchmark, we evaluated how they could be unlocked diagnostics. Results Health officers representing 190...
There is a pressing need for transitional water infrastructures in rapidly growing cities where conventional lag behind human settlement expansion. In Kenya, sectoral innovations have addressed local socioeconomic challenges, but empirical evidence on their efficacy (combining quantitative indicators of safety and continuity) lacking. We this gap by comparing different ability to provide constant access safe informal settlements Nairobi, Kenya. conducted cross-sectional survey including...
Introduction Worldwide, 2.4 billion people rely on solid fuels such as wood or charcoal for cooking, leading to approximately 3.2 million deaths per year from illnesses attributable household air pollution. Across Africa, pollution generated by fuel use accounts nearly 700,000 each year. Most studies date have focused either exposure, its impacts particular health outcomes the efficacy of mitigation interventions. However, economic, social, and cultural determinants in Africa are still...
In sub-Saharan Africa, the origins of asthma and high prevalence abnormal lung function remain unclear. high-income countries (HICs), associations between birth measurements childhood highlight importance antenatal early life factors in aetiology children. We present here first study Africa to relate characteristics both respiratory symptoms function.Children attending schools two socioeconomically contrasting but geographically close areas Nairobi, Kenya, were recruited a cross-sectional...
Background Sputum remains the most preferred specimen for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis due to its non-invasive method production. Good quality sputum is essential accurate diagnosis pulmonary (PTB). It therefore imperative assess factors that are related production best quality. Objective We assessed intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics presumed patients they produced. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which consenting enrolled were subjected medical examination...
Background Billions of dollars are spent on research globally every year, yet little is translated to public use through policy and/or commercialisation. For the few findings that make it policy, evidence in most LMICs shows they hardly see light implementation. Our EDCTP-funded TWENDE consortium used implementation tuberculosis (TB) molecular diagnostics as a model investigate barriers, and opportunities unlock them order maximise uptake health innovations into practice. Methods Mixed...
Abstract Background : Tuberculosis (TB), a treatable disease claims over million lives every year. Accurate rapid diagnosis is crucial for early treatment initiation and prevention of severe disease. Despite 10 years approval molecular diagnostics routine use, an estimated 3 TB cases go undetected per We investigated the barriers opportunities to maximise uptake utilization in healthcare settings. Methods deployed surveys, facility audits, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews,...