A5052990869- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Biochemical and biochemical processes
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Plant and animal studies
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- RNA regulation and disease
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Plant & Food Research
2008-2024
AgResearch
2006
Taipei Veterans General Hospital
1989
Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital
1988
Abstract The domestic apple (Malus domestica; also known as Malus pumila Mill.) has become a model fruit crop in which to study commercial traits such disease and pest resistance, grafting, flavor health compound biosynthesis. To speed the discovery of genes involved these traits, develop markers map genes, breed new cultivars, we have produced substantial expressed sequence tag collection from various tissues apple, focusing on cultivar Royal Gala. Over 150,000 tags been collected 43...
Abstract Background Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) are a relatively new, but economically important crop grown in many different parts of the world. Commercial success is driven by development new cultivars with novel consumer traits including flavor, appearance, healthful components and convenience. To increase our understanding genetic diversity gene-based control these key Actinidia, we have produced collection 132,577 expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Results The ESTs were derived mainly from...
Kiwifruit vines rely on bees for pollen transfer between spatially separated male and female individuals require synchronized flowering to ensure pollination. Volatile terpene compounds, which are important cues insect pollinator attraction, were studied by dynamic headspace sampling in the major green-fleshed kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) cultivar 'Hayward' its 'Chieftain'. Terpene volatile levels showed a profile dominated sesquiterpenes alpha-farnesene germacrene D. These two compounds...
A new hepatitis B virus (HBV) transcript of about 2.2 kilobases was identified in HBV DNA-transfected human hepatoma cells. The 5' terminus this viral RNA appears to map at one or more the precore initiation sites, contains a deletion 1,223 bases corresponding last codon core gene middle surface antigen gene, and terminates 3' polyadenylation site used by other known RNAs. junction region deleted sequences showed conserved splice donor acceptor GT-AG sequences. Moreover, when mutant DNA...
Flowers of the kiwifruit species Actinidia chinensis produce a mixture sesquiterpenes derived from farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) and monoterpenes geranyl (GDP). The tertiary sesquiterpene alcohol (E)-nerolidol was major emitted volatile detected by headspace analysis. Contrastingly, in solvent extracts flowers, unusually high amounts (E,E)-farnesol were observed, as well lesser (E)-nerolidol, various farnesol farnesal isomers, linalool. Using genomics-based approach, single gene (AcNES1)...
The pentacyclic triterpenes, in particular ursolic acid and oleanolic their derivatives, exist abundantly the plant kingdom, where they are well known for anti‐inflammatory, antitumour antimicrobial properties. α‐Amyrin β‐amyrin precursors of acids, respectively, formed by concerted cyclization squalene epoxide a complex synthase reaction. We identified three full‐length expressed sequence tag sequences cDNA libraries constructed from apple ( Malus × domestica ‘Royal Gala’) that were likely...
Glycosides are an important potential source of aroma and flavour compounds for release as volatiles in flowers fruit. The production glycosides is catalysed by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) that mediate the transfer activated nucleotide sugar to acceptor aglycones. A screen UGTs expressed kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) identified gene AdGT4 which was highly floral tissues whose expression increased during fruit ripening. Recombinant enzyme glycosylated a range terpenes primary alcohols...
The polyphenol profile of apple (Malus × domestica) is dominated by the dihydrochalcone glycoside phloridzin, but its physiological role yet to be elucidated. Biosynthesis phloridzin occurs as a side branch main phenylpropanoid pathway, with final step mediated phloretin-specific glycosyltransferase UGT88F1. Unexpectedly, given that UGTs are sometimes viewed 'decorating enzymes', UGT88F1 knockdown lines were severely dwarfed, greatly reduced internode lengths, narrow lanceolate leaves, and...
Summary Phenylpropenes, such as eugenol and trans ‐anethole, are important aromatic compounds that determine flavour aroma in many herbs spices. Some apple varieties produce fruit with a highly desirable spicy/aromatic has been attributed to the production of estragole, methylated phenylpropene. To elucidate molecular basis for estragole its contribution ripe we characterised segregating population from Royal Gala ( RG , producer) × Granny Smith GS non‐producer) cross. Two quantitative trait...
Fruit accumulate a diverse set of volatiles including esters and phenylpropenes. Volatile are synthesised via fatty acid degradation or from amino precursors, with the final step being catalysed by alcohol acyl transferases (AATs). Phenylpropenes produced as side branch general phenylpropanoid pathway. Major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on apple (Malus × domestica) linkage group (LG)2 for production phenylpropene estragole volatile (including 2-methylbutyl acetate hexyl acetate) both...
Terpene volatiles are found in many important fruit crops, but their relationship to flavor is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate using sensory descriptive and discriminant analysis that 1,8-cineole contributes a key floral/eucalyptus note the aroma of ripe 'Hort16A' kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for production were identified on linkage groups 27 29a segregating A. chinensis population, with QTL LG29a colocating complex cluster putative terpene...
Abstract The midgut is a key tissue in insect science. Physiological roles include digestion and peritrophic membrane function, as well being an important target for insecticides. We used expressed sequence tag (EST) approach to identify candidate genes gene families involved these processes the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Two cDNA libraries were constructed from dissected of third fifth instar larvae. Clustering analysis 6416 tags...
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp. Lindl.) flowers and fruit contain many compounds of interest to the flavour fragrance industries. In particular, Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. produce β-linalool important derivatives thereof, including linalool oxides, lilac aldehydes, alcohols alcohol epoxides. Dynamic headspace sampling whole A. showed that peak emission rate linalool, aldehydes occurred around 0800 hours. After solvent extraction, levels remained constant throughout day...
Epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes drive strong consumer interest in plant-based low-calorie sweeteners. Trilobatin is a sweetener found at high concentrations the leaves range crabapple (Malus) species, but not domesticated apple (Malus × domestica) leaves, which contain trilobatin's bitter positional isomer phloridzin. Variation trilobatin content was mapped to locus on LG 7 segregating population developed from cross between apples crabapples. Phloretin glycosyltransferase2 (PGT2)...
Dihydrochalcones (DHCs) including phlorizin (phloretin 2'-O-glucoside) and its positional isomer trilobatin 4'-O-glucoside) are the most abundant phenylpropanoids in apple (Malus spp.). Transcriptional regulation of DHC production is poorly understood despite their importance insect- pathogen-plant interactions human physiology research pharmaceuticals. In this study, segregation hybrid populations bulked segregant analysis showed that synthesis Malus leaves both single-gene-controlled...
A hepatitis B virus (HBV) integrant was cloned from the genomic DNA library of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, Hep3B. Sequence analysis restriction fragment bearing virus-host junction revealed that its integration pattern common type, with right located at cohesive region. The open reading frame major viral surface antigen intact rearranged preSl and core sequences. X protein, although truncated, maintained trans-activating activity to simian 40 enhancer/promoter. S1 nuclease...
Abstract Dihydrochalcones (DHCs) are flavonoids produced as a side branch of the phenylpropanoid pathway. DHCs found at high concentrations in apples (Malus spp.) but not pears (Pyrus or other members Rosaceae. Biosynthesis apple has been hypothesized to occur via reduction p-coumaroyl CoA by Malus × domestica hydroxycinnamoyl double-bond reductase (MdHCDBR) followed action chalcone synthase produce phloretin direct naringenin an unknown enzyme. In this study, we report that genetic...