A5102918216- Respiratory viral infections research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Urological Disorders and Treatments
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Ureteral procedures and complications
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
University of Liverpool
2010-2023
Lancashire County Council
2004-2021
Royal Victoria Infirmary
1984-2018
Countess of Chester Hospital
2014
North Tyneside General Hospital
1997-2007
Public Health Laboratory
1998
Johns Hopkins University
1998
Newcastle University
1980-1989
Valproate is a first-line treatment for patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic generalised or difficult to classify epilepsy, but not women of child-bearing potential because teratogenicity. Levetiracetam increasingly prescribed these patient populations despite scarcity evidence clinical effectiveness cost-effectiveness. We aimed compare the long-term and cost-effectiveness levetiracetam compared valproate in participants unclassifiable epilepsy.We did an open-label, randomised controlled...
Levetiracetam and zonisamide are licensed as monotherapy for patients with focal epilepsy, but there is uncertainty to whether they should be recommended first-line treatments because of insufficient evidence clinical effectiveness cost-effectiveness. We aimed assess the long-term cost-effectiveness levetiracetam compared lamotrigine in people newly diagnosed epilepsy.This randomised, open-label, controlled trial treatment epilepsy. Adult paediatric neurology services across UK recruited...
Fifty-six renal allograft recipients were studied prospectively for 3 months or longer after transplant. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to screen peripheral blood leucocyte (PBL) specimens CMV, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) and 7 (HHV7) DNA (DNAemia) in 67 healthy controls serial (fortnightly) PBL from the 56 recipients. None of had detectable CMV DNAemia, although HHV6 HHV7 DNAemia found 7% 9% individuals respectively. In contrast, due 50%, 36% 39% patients respectively, at some...
Neutralising inhibitors to respiratory syncytial (RS) virus have been demonstrated in the whey of most samples human milk tested. Although high titres were secreted colostra some mothers (1/10–1/2,560; median 1/40) inhibitor levels collected after first week lactation uniformly low (median 1/10). High neutralising correlated with colostral specific antiviral IgA but, unlike activity, antibody persisted only four 18 mothers. Similarly, IgG and IgM antibodies not generally detected postpartum...
This paper describes sentinel laboratory surveillance of hepatitis C antibody testing in England. Demographic and test result data were supplemented by follow-up questionnaires sent to the requesting clinician. Between October 2002 September 2003 almost 75000 anti-HCV tests performed eight centres. More males tested than females over half those aged 25–44 years. Overall 5·7% (3333/58144, range 2·8–7·7%) individuals positive. Follow-up questionnaire showed that 82% (1043/1277) positives had...
Abstract Over two winters in Newcastle upon Tyne, respiratory secretions, negative by immunofluorescence staining for other viruses, were tested the presence of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) RT‐PCR. In second winter, specimens also with an anti‐HMPV polyclonal rabbit antiserum and positive inoculated into a line bronchiolar cells, 16HBE140. Overall, 55 549 (10%) HMPV Of 162 both RT/PCR staining, 23 techniques. five RT‐PCR alone, only one was confirmed set primers. three virus culture. All...
Introduction Telmisartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker, has beneficial effects on insulin resistance and cardiovascular health in non-HIV populations. This trial will evaluate whether telmisartan can reduce HIV-positive individuals combination antiretroviral therapy. Methods analysis is a phase II, multicentre, randomised, open-labelled, dose-ranging of 336 over period 48 weeks. The use adaptive design to inform the optimal dose telmisartan. Patients be randomised initially 1:1:1:1...
Introduction In one-third of all abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), the aneurysm neck is short (juxtarenal) or shows other adverse anatomical features rendering operations more complex, hazardous and expensive. Surgical options include open surgical repair endovascular (EVAR) techniques including fenestrated EVAR, EVAR with adjuncts (chimneys/endoanchors) off-label standard EVAR. The aim UK COMPlex AneurySm Study (UK-COMPASS) to answer research question identified by National Institute for...
Background Levetiracetam (Keppra ® , UCB Pharma Ltd, Slough, UK) and zonisamide (Zonegran Eisai Co. Tokyo, Japan) are licensed as monotherapy for focal epilepsy, levetiracetam is increasingly used a first-line treatment generalised particularly women of childbearing age. However, there uncertainty to whether or not they should be recommended treatments owing lack evidence clinical effectiveness cost-effectiveness. Objectives To compare the cost-effectiveness lamotrigine (Lamictal...
Sequential nasopharyngeal secretions were collected from 36 breast fed and 14 bottle babies followed birth to 7 weeks of age. Secretions free covert blood contamination obtained only 12 5 infants aged less than 1 week. In all negative for 8 positive no IgA was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All contained IgG four IgM. contrast, could be shown in the 6 babies. had detectable concentrations two, IgM detectable. By age nasal IgA, IgG, there differences between At this time low...
Diagnosis of significant infections by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) and 7 (HHV7) in transplant patients has proved difficult because both viruses are ubiquitous can cause persistent their hosts. The significance viral DNA detected peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs; DNAemia) PCR is therefore unclear. interpretation serological results complicated the fact that primary secondary with other herpesviruses may be associated a concurrent antibody response to HHV6. Fifty-four renal allograft...
Interferon alfa was measured by an immunoradiometric assay in the nasopharyngeal secretions of a group infants admitted to hospital with respiratory syncytial virus infection. Virus replication upper tract assessed infectivity and enzyme linked immunoadsorbent for viral fusion protein on same secretions. All were examined daily while allocated score based upon subjective assessment severity their illness. There no significant correlation between interferon, virus, or (F) secretion illness...
Combination antiretroviral therapy results in metabolic abnormalities which increase cardiovascular disease risk. We evaluated whether telmisartan reduces insulin resistance human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals on antiretrovirals.
The effect of milk feeding on the ontogeny serum IgA in breast and cow formula fed neonates was studied. There a rise concentrations from 2nd week both groups, but no difference rate appearance or relation to age, gestation sex. ingestion RSV antibody‐rich colostrum associated with anti‐RSV 2 preterm infants during perinatal period. We suggest that there are mechanisms which regulate circulating IgA: an early small intestinal uptake colostral IgA, later endogenous production, this study not...
Cytomegalovirus disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the renal allograft recipient. There is need for rapid sensitive techniques predictive CMV to allow initiation early antiviral therapy.Seventy-seven recipients were enrolled prospective study where viruria (shell vial culture/DEAFF test), viraemia culture), serology detection virus DNA peripheral blood leukocytes by PCR (CMV DNAemia) correlated with clinical evidence disease.Serology shell culture had poor...
Serum antibodies to the fusion (F) and large glycoprotein (G) of respiratory syncytial virus in serum 57 infected infants were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Most samples taken at time admission hospital contained both glycoproteins, overall there was no significant evidence a selective deficiency antibody either viral antigen. Less than quarter showed rising IgG titres after infection, whereas over threequarters produced an IgM response. There correlation between...
Over three years 81 consecutive bone marrow transplant recipients (32 allogeneic and 49 autologous) who received prophylaxis with acyclovir, were studied for symptomatic virus infection. Thirty nine infections documented in a total of 28 patients. two mild, five moderately severe, severe. Cytomegalovirus infection occurred only six recipients. Herpes simplex varicella zoster infrequently. Seven patients considered at the time death to have died due an infectious cause virologically necropsy....
Abstract Seven of 230 breast fed infants followed prospectively from birth through their first winter contracted RS virus infections. The colostra five the mothers these contained antiviral IgA antibodies. In each case antibody levels were above mean for a group 36 whose age matched to infected but whom there was no evidence infection in winter. Four colostral samples also IgG antibody. Colostral lymphocyte reactivity antigen tested three and two showed significant proliferation. There was,...
Abstract Children undergoing therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are at increased risk of severe viral respiratory infection, and some find it difficult to terminate virus secretion. This severity may result from a defect in the mucosal immune response. To test this hypothesis, nasal immunoglobulin secretion specific antiviral antibody responses infection with syncytial (RS) children ALL have been compared those normal age‐matched comparison group. secreted levels IgA slightly...
An allogeneic transplant recipient developed severe graft versus host disease (GvHD) 48 days after transplantation that was concomitant with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) viraemia, from which she subsequently died. CMV infection detected in blood by the polymerase chain reaction and later tissue immunohistochemical techniques. should be considered patients whom GvHD does not respond to appropriate treatment, this case suggests herpes viruses may increase severity of synergistically enhancing reaction.
We have recorded the systemic and mammary/mucosal immune responses of women following natural infection with RS virus during second third trimesters pregnancy. Anti-RS IgG antibody levels in sera collected first trimester pregnancy showed a bimodal distribution high low groups. Antibody increased after exposure to winter epidemic pregnancy, probably as result but only for group. Despite increases, these remained well below those There was no rise mean trimester, even among antibody,...