A5069080073- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
2016-2025
Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center
2016-2025
University of Arkansas Medical Center
2019-2022
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
2014-2018
National Institutes of Health
2017
Virginia Tech
2007-2012
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
2008
Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important co-morbidity associated with obesity and a precursor to steatohepatitis. However, the contributions of gestational early life influences on development NAFLD NASH remain poorly appreciated. Methods Two independent studies were performed examine whether maternal over-nutrition via exposure high fat diet (HFD) leads exacerbated hepatic responses post-natal HFD methionine choline deficient (MCD) diets in offspring. Offspring...
Pediatric obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are on the rise in industrialized countries, yet our ability to mechanistically examine this relationship is limited by lack of a suitable higher animal models. Here, we examined effects high-fat, high-fructose corn syrup, high-cholesterol Western-style diet (WD)-induced NASH cecal microbiota dysbiosis juvenile Ossabaw swine. Juvenile female swine (5 wk old) were fed WD (43.0% fat; 17.8% syrup; 2% cholesterol) or low-fat (CON/lean;...
The gut microflora is a vital component of the gastrointestinal (GI) system that regulates local and systemic immunity, inflammatory response, digestive system, overall health. Older people commonly suffer from inadequate nutrition or poor diets, which could potentially alter microbiota. essential amino acid (AA) tryptophan (TRP) diet plays critical role in physiological stress responses, neuropsychiatric health, oxidative systems, GI present study investigates relationship between varied...
Abstract The contributions of maternal diet and obesity in shaping offspring microbiome remain unclear. Here we employed a mouse model diet-induced via high-fat feeding (HFD, 45% fat calories) for 12 wk prior to conception on gut microbial ecology. Male female were provided access control or HFD from weaning until 17 age. Maternal HFD-associated programming was sexually dimorphic, with male dams showing hyper-responsive weight gain postnatal HFD. Likewise, analysis cecal contents showed...
Evidence suggests that a healthy gut microbiome is essential for metabolizing dietary phytochemicals. However, the microbiome's role in metabolite production and influence of dysbiosis on this process remain unclear. Further, studies relationship among microbes, metabolites, biological activities phytochemicals are limited. We addressed knowledge gap using strawberry as model. C57BL/6J mice were fed standard diet [C]; strawberry-supplemented (~2 human servings) [CS]; treated with antibiotics...
Beige/brite adipose tissue displays morphological characteristics and beneficial metabolic traits of brown tissue. Previously, we showed that TGF-β signaling regulates the browning white Here, inquired whether signals regulated presumptive beige progenitors in fat investigated mechanisms involved adipogenesis. We deleted receptor 1 (TβRI) (TβRIAdKO mice) and, using flow-cytometry based assays, identified isolated located stromal vascular cells fat. These were molecularly characterized to...
Poor aerobic fitness is linked to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and increased all-cause mortality. We previously found that rats with a low capacity for running (LCR) were fed an acute high-fat diet (HFD; 45% kcal from fat) 3 days resulted in positive energy balance hepatic steatosis compared highly aerobically fit high (HCR). Here, we tested the hypothesis poor physiological outcomes LCR following HFD feeding are associated alterations cecal microbiota. exhibited greater body weight,...
Abstract Ectopic ceramide accumulation in insulin-responsive tissues contributes to the development of obesity and impairs insulin sensitivity. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT), first enzyme essential for biosynthesis using myriocin rodents reduces body weight improves sensitivity associated metabolic indices. Myriocin was originally extracted from fruiting bodies fungus Isaria sinclairii has been found abundant a number closely related fungal species...
In diabetes, endothelial inflammation and dysfunction play a pivotal role in the development of vascular disease. This study investigates effect dietary blueberries on complications gut microbiome diabetic mice.
Three homologues of TGF-β exist in mammals as follows: TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3. All three proteins share high homology their amino acid sequence, yet each isoform has unique heterologous motifs that are highly conserved during evolution. Although these similar properties vitro, isoform-specific have been suggested through vivo studies by the phenotypes for knock-out mouse. To test our hypothesis nonredundant functions, to identify such roles, we genetically exchanged coding sequence...
The gut microbiome plays a critical role in the onset and progression of obesity metabolic syndrome. However, it is not well documented whether cecal vs. fecal more relevant when assessing their contributions to these diseases. Here, we amplified V4 region 16S rRNA gene from samples female Ossabaw swine fed low-fat control diet (10.5% fat, n = 4) or Western (43.0% 17.8% high fructose corn syrup, 2% cholesterol; 3) for 36 wk. Obesity significantly lowered alpha-diversity ( P < 0.05), there...
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of blueberries improve vascular function insulin sensitivity. However, the bioavailability active compounds in is largely dependent on gut microbiota, which may themselves be altered by blueberry components. objective current study was to explore a possible sex-dependent modulation microbiota following supplementation with adult mice. Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice (n = 7–10/group) were provided control or blueberry-containing diets (5%...
The gut microbiome has the potential to create or modify xenometabolites (i.e., nonhost-derived metabolites) through de novo synthesis modification of exogenous and endogenous compounds. While there are isolated examples influencing host health disease, wide-scale characterization these metabolites remains limited. We developed a metabolomics platform ("XenoScan") using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry characterize range known suspected their derivatives. This assay currently applies...
Abstract Alterations in the gut microbiome have been linked to obesity, with maternal high‐fat diet (HF) playing a role shaping offspring composition. However, sex‐specific responses HF and impact of subsequent dietary challenges remain unclear. This study investigated effects on microbiota structure predicted functional profile response short‐term postnatal exposure focus responses. Female male control (C) or were weaned onto C diet. Offspring euthanized at 13 weeks age cecal contents...
Liver cancer results in a high degree of mortality, especially among men. As fatty liver disease is risk factor for development hepatocellular carcinoma, we investigated the role dietary fat type tumor promotion by high-fat diets mice after initiation with chemical carcinogen diethyl nitrosamine. Tumor incidence and multiplicity were significantly greater males than those females. In males, had complex effects on tumorigenesis. Preneoplastic foci most prevalent fed polyunsaturated diet...
Low aerobic capacity increases the risk for insulin resistance but mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we tested susceptibility to acute (3-day) high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFD)-induced in male rats selectively bred divergent intrinsic capacity, that is, high-capacity running (HCR) and low-capacity (LCR) rats. We employed hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, tracers, transcriptome sequencing of skeletal muscle test whether divergence impacted through systemic tissue-specific metabolic...