A5081624309- Diet and metabolism studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Renal and related cancers
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Ovarian function and disorders
- Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Birth, Development, and Health
Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center
2016-2024
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
2010-2023
National Center for Toxicological Research
2012-2016
Arkansas Children's Hospital
2016
United States Food and Drug Administration
2012
Arkansas Department of Health
2010-2011
Neonatal diet has a large influence on child health and might modulate changes in fecal microbiota metabolites. The aim is to investigate metabolites at different ages infants who were breastfed (BF), received dairy-based milk formula (MF), or soy-based (SF). Fecal samples collected 3 (n = 16, 12, 14, respectively), 6 20, 19, 15, 9 11, 12 mo respectively) for BF, MF, SF infants. Infants that until switched considered as no longer breastfeeding mo. Microbiota data obtained using 16S ribosomal...
Maternal obesity is an important determinant of offspring risk, which may be mediated via changes in the infant microbiome.We examined faecal microbiome, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and maternal human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) mothers with overweight/obese body mass index (BMI) (OW) compared normal weight (NW) (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01131117).Infant stool samples at 1, 6, 12 months were analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing. (BODPOD) (quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance [QMR]) adiposity...
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are used in paints, plastics, papers, inks, foods, toothpaste, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. However, TiO2 NPs cause inflammation, pulmonary damage, fibrosis lung tumours animals possibly carcinogenic to humans. Although there a large number of studies on the toxicities NPs, data inconclusive mechanisms underlying toxicity not clear. In this study, we Comet assay evaluate genotoxicity whole-genome microarray technology analyse gene expression...
Although obesity negatively influences the metabolic homeostasis of cells within a broad range tissues, its impact on oocyte metabolism is not fully understood. Prior evidence suggests that increases expression genes associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism; however, these genetic differences known. To address this gap, we conducted an exploratory assessment follicular fluid (FF) metabolome in eight overweight/obese (OW) nine normal-weight (NW) women undergoing...
Regular exercise has profound metabolic influence on the liver, but effects bile acid (BA) metabolism are less well known. BAs synthesized exclusively in liver from cholesterol via rate-limiting enzyme 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). contribute to solubilization and absorption of lipids serve as important signaling molecules, capable systemic endocrine function. Circulating increase with obesity insulin resistance, following diet-induced weight loss unknown. To test if improvements fitness a...
The gut microbiome has the potential to create or modify xenometabolites (i.e., nonhost-derived metabolites) through de novo synthesis modification of exogenous and endogenous compounds. While there are isolated examples influencing host health disease, wide-scale characterization these metabolites remains limited. We developed a metabolomics platform ("XenoScan") using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry characterize range known suspected their derivatives. This assay currently applies...
Introduction Colonocyte oxidation of bacterial-derived butyrate has been reported to maintain synergistic obligate anaerobe populations by reducing colonocyte oxygen levels; however, it is not known whether this process disrupted during the progression type 2 diabetes. Our aim was determine diabetes influences levels in University California Davis mellitus (UCD-T2DM) rat model. Research design and methods Age-matched male UCD-T2DM rats (174±4 days) prior onset (PD, n=15), within 1 month...
An increased plasma concentration of 3-hydroxyisovaleryl carnitine (3HIA-carnitine) results from impairment in the leucine catabolic pathway at conversion 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA to 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA. The is caused by reduced activity biotin-dependent enzyme carboxylase. Here, we describe an LC-MS/MS method for quantitation 3HIA-carnitine and present preliminary evidence validating as a novel biomarker biotin deficiency humans. Three healthy adult subjects were successfully made marginally...
Relapsing fever (RF), caused by spirochetes of the genus Borrelia, is a globally distributed, vector-borne disease with high prevalence in developing countries. To date, signaling pathways required for infection and virulence RF Borrelia are unknown. Cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP), synthesized diadenylate cyclases (DACs), second messenger predominantly found Gram-positive organisms that linked to essential physiological processes. Although Gram-negative, it encodes one DAC (CdaA), its importance...
Microbe-produced molecules (xenometabolites) found in foods or produced by gut microbiota are increasingly implicated microbe-microbe and microbe-host communication. Xenolipids, particular, a class of metabolites for which the full catalog remains to be elaborated mammalian systems. We others have observed that cis-3,4-methylene-heptanoylcarnitine is lipid derivative one most abundant medium-chain acylcarnitines human blood, hypothesized product incomplete β-oxidation more "odd-chain"...
High arsenic concentration in groundwater is found many countries, including Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, Thailand and United States. In these the concentrations have reached dangerous levels for human consumption, especially where main source of drinking water from groundwater. Many techniques been developed removal, one being use iron oxide or magnetite nanoparticles heavy metal removal. this study, a novel tannin-based carbon-iron composite has by us removal results show that 100 ppb As...
Summary Background Branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs: isoleucine, leucine, and valine) aromatic (AAAs: phenylalanine tyrosine) are hypothesized to influence early‐life obesity risk. Objective To assess HM free acid (AA) concentrations infant intakes of AAs from women with (OB) compared those normal weight (NW) determine the relationships between AA consumption growth. Methods samples were collected at 0.5 ( n = 151), 2 129), 6 93) months postpartum mothers NW (body mass index [BMI] 18.5–24.9...
Xenometabolites from microbial and plant sources are thought to confer beneficial as well deleterious effects on host physiology. Studies determining absorption tissue uptake of xenometabolites limited. We utilized a conscious catheterized pig model evaluate interorgan flux annotated known suspected xenometabolites, derivatives, bile acids. Female pigs (n = 12, 2-3 mo old, 25.6 ± 2.2 kg) had surgically implanted catheters across portal-drained viscera (PDV), splanchnic compartment (SPL),...
There is a growing consensus that nutritional programming may persist and influence risk for several chronic diseases in adulthood. In the present study, we used urinary metabolic analysis assessing diet effects on early-life metabolism. Urine samples from healthy three-month-old infants fed human milk (HM; n = 93), cow’s milk-based infant formula [MF; 80], or soy protein-based (SF; 76) were analyzed with an untargeted metabolomics approach using GC-TOF MS. PLS-DA ANOVA analyses performed...
Five foods representative of a variety food products were analyzed by the Visual Immunoprecipitate Assay (VIP) and Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) culture method for presence Escherichia coli O157:H7. A total 21 laboratories representing state federal government agencies, as well private industry, in United States Canada participated. Food types inoculated with strains E. O157:H7, exception one lot poultry, which was naturally contaminated. During this study, 1377 samples controls...
Five foods types were analyzed by the Assurance EHEC (Escherichia coli O157:H7) enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) culture method. Each sample of each food type at inoculation level was simultaneously both methods. A total 21 laboratories representing state federal government agencies private industry in United States Canada participated. Samples inoculated with E. O157:H7, except for one lot poultry that naturally contaminated. 1304 samples controls...
Branched chain amino acids (AA) (BCAAs: leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), and valine) aromatic AA (AAAs: phenylalanine (Phe) tyrosine (Tyr)) have been hypothesized to take part in early-life metabolic programing. To date studies testing the effect of consumption on programing focused formula milk proteins, where increased was associated with obesity risk. However, a knowledge gap exists regarding how variations human (HM) free concentrations might impact child growth. Here, we aimed...
The method used in the analytical step heavily determines sensitivity, selectivity, metabolome coverage, reproducibility, rate of false positive and/or negative discovery and throughput untargeted metabolomics. Comprehensive high-throughput metabolomics necessitate development optimization to reduce any biases. In this work, we explored influence electrospray ionization (ESI) needle position parameters including ion spray voltage, sheath gas, auxiliary transfer tube (ITT) temperature,...