A5078121141- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Multisensory perception and integration
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Insect Pheromone Research and Control
- Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Various Chemistry Research Topics
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
Taste and Smell Clinic
2016-2025
University of Virginia
1990-2025
University of Florida
2015-2024
Florida College
2020-2023
Diabetes Australia
2015-2018
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2007-2016
Institute of Neurobiology
2013
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1998-2003
Johns Hopkins University
1998-2003
Whitney Museum of American Art
1998-2000
Abstract In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is reliable predictor of COVID-19 using crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes chemosensory abilities during the course illness 0–100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19−; 546) laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified...
Abstract In many sensory systems, stimulus sensitivity is dynamically modulated through mechanisms of peripheral adaptation, efferent input, or hormonal action. this way, responses to stimuli can be optimized in the context both environment and physiological state animal. Although gustatory system critically influences food preference, intake metabolic homeostasis, for modulating taste are poorly understood. study, we report that glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) signaling buds modulates...
TAS1R- and TAS2R-type taste receptors are expressed in the gustatory system, where they detect sweet- bitter-tasting stimuli, respectively. These also subsets of cells within mammalian gastrointestinal tract, mediate nutrient assimilation endocrine responses. For example, sweeteners stimulate on surface gut enteroendocrine L to elicit an increase intracellular Ca2+ secretion incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), important modulator insulin biosynthesis secretion. Because...
The mammalian main olfactory epithelium (MOE) recognizes and transduces cues through a G protein-coupled, cAMP-dependent signaling cascade. Additional chemosensory transduction mechanisms have been suggested but remain controversial. We show that subset of MOE neurons expressing the orphan receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit CNGA3 employ an excitatory cGMP-dependent mechanism for chemodetection. By combining gene targeting Gucy2d, which encodes GC-D, with...
We present a novel hypothesis that could explain many off-target effects of diverse pharmaceuticals. Specifically, we propose any drug with bitter taste have unintended actions in the body through stimulation extraoral type 2 receptors (T2Rs). T2Rs were first identified oral cavity, where they function as receptors. However, recent findings indicate are also expressed outside gustatory system, including gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. T2R ligands include array natural synthetic...
Dysregulation of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine (T3/T4) can impact metabolism, body composition, development. Thus, it is critical to identify novel mechanisms that T3/T4 production. We found type 2 taste receptors (TAS2Rs), which are activated by bitter-tasting compounds such as those in many foods pharmaceuticals, negatively regulate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-dependent Ca2+ increases TSH-dependent iodide efflux thyrocytes. Immunohistochemical Tas2r-dependent...
Millions of people in the United States experience a reduced or distorted ability to smell taste. Chemosensory disorders such as anosmia (the inability smell), parosmia (distorted dysgeusia (altered taste) have major impacts on health and quality life including difficulty sensing dangers fire spoilage, diminished palatability food drink that can negatively influence diet nutrition, feelings social isolation, an increased incidence frailty, anxiety, depression. Smell taste dysfunction also be...
Modulation of sensory function can help animals adjust to a changing external and internal environment. Even so, mechanisms for modulating taste sensitivity are poorly understood. Using immunohistochemical, biochemical, behavioral approaches, we found that the peptide hormone glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) its receptor (GLP‐1R) expressed in mammalian buds. Furthermore, GLP‐1 signaling plays an important role modulation sensitivity: GLP‐1R knockout mice exhibit dramatic reduction sweet as...
Heteromultimeric cyclic nucleotide–gated (CNG) channels play a central role in the transduction of odorant signals and subsequent adaptation. The contributions individual subunits to native channel function olfactory receptor neurons remain unclear. Here, we show that targeted deletion mouse CNGA4 gene, which encodes modulatory CNG subunit, results defect odorant-dependent Channels excised membrane patches from null exhibited slower Ca 2+ -calmodulin-mediated desensitization. Thus, subunit...
The olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit 1 (OCNC1) is required for signal transduction in receptor cells. To further investigate the role of this system, biochemical and morphological consequences targeted disruption OCNC1 were investigated adult mice. Null as compared to wild-type mice had smaller bulbs, suggesting compromised development central target Ectopic marker protein (OMP)-stained fibers localized external plexiform layer reflected relative immaturity bulb null...
The gustatory system provides critical information about the quality and nutritional value of food before it is ingested. Thus, physiological mechanisms that modulate taste function in context needs or metabolic status could optimize ingestive decisions. We report glucagon, which plays important roles maintenance glucose homeostasis, enhances sweet responsiveness through local actions mouse epithelium. Using immunohistochemistry confocal microscopy, we found glucagon its receptor (GlucR) are...
The glucose-dependent secretion of the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a critical step in regulation glucose homeostasis. Two molecular mechanisms have separately been suggested as primary mediator intestinal glucose-stimulated GLP-1 (GSGS): one metabotropic mechanism requiring sweet taste receptor type 2 (T1R2) + 3 (T1R3) while second metabolic ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels. By quantifying sugar-stimulated knockout mice and rats receiving Roux-en-Y gastric...
The chemical senses of taste and smell play a vital role in conveying information about ourselves our environment. Tastes smells can warn against danger also contribute to the daily enjoyment food, friends family, surroundings. Over 12% US population is estimated experience (chemosensory) dysfunction. Yet, despite this high prevalence, long-term, effective treatments for these disorders have been largely elusive. Clinical successes other sensory systems, including hearing vision, led new...
Rodents rely on olfactory stimuli to communicate information between conspecifics that is critical for health and survival. For example, rodents detect a food odor simultaneously with the social carbon disulfide (CS2) will acquire preference food. Disruption of chemosensory transduction cascade in CS2-sensitive sensory neurons (OSNs) express receptor guanylyl cyclase type D (GC-D; GC-D+ OSNs) prevent mice from acquiring these preferences. OSNs also respond natriuretic peptide uroguanylin,...
Odor stimulation of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) leads to both the activation and subsequent desensitization a heteromultimeric cyclic-nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel present in these cells. The native CNG consists three distinct subunits: CNGA2, CNGA4, CNGB1b. Mice which CNGA4 gene has been deleted display defective Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent inhibition channel, resulting striking reduction adaptation odor-induced electrophysiological response OSNs. These mutants therefore afford an...