Post-translational modifications of the water-soluble human lens crystallins from young adult donors were identified and located using electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis intact proteins fast atom bombardment spectrometry enzymatic digests. Peptides corresponding to all sequences alpha A-, B-, beta B2-crystallins found, permitting entire be searched for modifications. The major portions these three not modified. Modifications A-crystallin that detected included 2...

Aflatoxin B1 is a contaminant widely found in food and livestock feed, posing major threat to human animal health. Recently, much attention from the pharmaceutical industries has been focused on curcumin due its strong antioxidant capacity. However, therapeutic impacts potential mechanisms of kidney damage caused by AFB1 are still incomplete. In this study, triggered renal injury mice, as reflected pathological changes dysfunction. induced oxidative stress interfered with Keap1-Nrf2 pathway...

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be involved in DNA damage response induced by ionizing radiation (IR). c-Myc is reduced when cells treated with IR or other damaging agents. It unknown whether miRNAs participate downregulation IR. In the present study, we found that miR-449a enhanced radiosensitivity vitro and vivo targeting prostate cancer (LNCaP) cells. MiR-449a was upregulated downregulated LNCaP Overexpression of knockdown promoted sensitivity By establishing as a direct...

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), a 35-kDa polypeptide, induces cytotoxic effects in the enterocyte-like CaCo-2 cell culture model. To identify mammalian death pathway(s) mediating CPE-induced death, cultures were treated with either 1 or 10 micro g of CPE per ml. Both doses found to induce morphological damage and DNA cleavage cells. The oncosis inhibitor glycine, but not broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, was able transiently block both those pathological cells higher, lower, dose....

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pterostilbene (PTE) supplementation in feed on Arbor Acres broilers terms serum biochemical parameters, immune and inflammatory responses, antioxidant status, intestinal morphological structure. For a duration 42 days, total 480 1-day-old were randomly divided into four groups. Each group assigned receive either basal diet or supplemented with 200, 400, 600 mg/kg PTE. treatment consisted eight replicates, 15 chicks per replicate....

The presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in feed is a serious threat to livestock and poultry health human food safety. Resveratrol (Res) polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-apoptotic other biological activities; however, it not clear whether can improve AFB1 induced hepatotoxicity. Therefore, this study was conducted investigate the effects dietary Res on liver injury by its mechanisms. A total 270 one-day-old male specific pathogen free (SPF) ducks, no significant difference weight,...

miR-449a, a novel tumor suppressor, is deregulated in various malignancies, including prostate cancer. Overexpression of miR-449a induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence, but its role response to ionizing radiation underlying molecular mechanism are still unknown. Here, we report that enhances radiation-induced G2/M phase arrest apoptosis through modulating pRb/E2F1 sensitizes cancer cells X-ray radiation. In wild-type Rb PC-3 cells, overexpression promotes the sensitivity While...

Constipation is a common disease affecting humans. Bifidobacterium longum reportedly effective in relieving constipation. Current studies generally focus on the dose-response relationship of oral doses; however, dose-effect B. colon, which primary site where exerts constipation-relieving effects, to treat constipation has not been studied. Herein, three strains (FGSZY6M4, FJSWXJ10M2, and FSDJN6M3) were packaged colon-released capsules explore colon. For each strain, groups (104, 106, 108...

ABSTRACT Nitenpyram is a new neonicotinoid insecticide primarily used for the control of piercing–sucking pests as well fleas and lice on animals. It widely around world, concentrations detection rates in surface water groundwater are increasing. Current research has shown that nitenpyram toxic to honey bee, silkworms, other organisms, but toxicity aquatic organisms mechanisms its still unclear. This study uses zebrafish model investigate adverse effects early embryonic development...

Abstract We previously showed that NO induces apoptosis in thymocytes via a p53-dependent pathway. In the present study, we investigated role of caspases this process. The pan-caspase inhibitor, ZVAD-fmk, and caspase-1 Ac-YVAD-cho, both inhibited NO-induced thymocyte dose-dependent manner, whereas caspase-3 Ac-DEVD-cho, had little effect even at concentrations up to 500 μM. ZVAD-fmk Ac-YVAD-cho were able inhibit when added 12 h, but not 16 after treatment with donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl...

Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) has been shown to exert potent anticancer effects on various types of cancer through its anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, antioxidant and pro-apoptotic functions. There is still a lack experimental evidence regarding whether resveratrol potential activity in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. The purpose this study was explore the NPC cells both vitro vivo. Our results indicated that treatment with led time- dose-dependent decrease...

Understanding the methods leading to rice yield increase is vital for sustainable agricultural development. Improving harvest index (HI) an important way yield. To explore effects of different water and nitrogen management modes on HI in black soil region Northeast China, a field experiment was conducted 2019 (Y1) 2020 (Y2). Two irrigation methods, conventional flooding (FI) controlled (CI), were established experiment, four application levels (0 kg/ha, 85 110 135 kg/ha) set during entire...

This study aimed to examine the ameliorating effect of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) KFY02 on low-fiber diet-induced constipation in mice. LP-KFY02 was isolated from natural fermented yogurt Korla Xinjiang. The mice with experimental groups were administered 1 × 109 CFU/kg (KFY02H) and 108 (KFY02L). After treatment mice, fecal water content, intestinal transit ability defecation time constipated improved. flora diversity, abundance structure regulated balanced state. serum levels gut motility...

Previously, we showed that NO induces thymocyte apoptosis via a caspase-1-dependent mechanism [(1) ]. In the present study, investigated role of heme oxygenase, catalase, bax, and p53 in this process. The donor, S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP), induced DNA fragmentation thymocytes time- concentration-dependent way. SNAP (100 microM) 50--60% apoptosis; higher doses did not increase rate significantly. decreased catalase iron (Fe) levels without affecting superoxide dismutase,...

Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into pancreatic β holds great promise for the treatment diabetes. Recent advances have led to production glucose-responsive insulin-secreting in vitro, but resulting remain less mature than their adult primary cell counterparts. The barrier(s) vitro maturation are unclear. Here, we evaluated a potential role microRNAs. MicroRNA profiling showed high expression let-7 family microRNAs vivo, not differentiated cells. Reduced levels were associated...

Nuclear factor-kappaB (N-kappaB) plays a key role in gut inflammation. NF-kappaB up-regulates proinflammatory genes encoding cytokines, adhesion molecules, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). However, has also been shown to up-regulate protective or anti-apoptotic factors. We utilized an adenoviral vector carrying super-repressor form of the inhibitor NF-kappaB, IkappaB, examine effects inhibition on cytokine-induced production apoptosis rat small intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6)....

Aminoguanidine (AG), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, has been widely used to study the role of inducible NOS (iNOS) in host defense against infections caused by various pathogens including Salmonella typhimurium. iNOS reported play an important S. typhimurium infection both vitro and vivo. In this report we show those AG treatment lead weight loss wild-type knockout mice, rendered them more susceptible infection. These results suggest that may have side effects other than inhibition...

Salmonella species represent a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. More recently, they have been proposed as putative vaccine delivery vehicles in humans. Oral infection with leads to invasion the intestinal epithelial barrier and subsequent interaction mucosal macrophages. In this study, we investigated fate typhimurium-infected human macrophages differentiated from blood monocytes by GM-CSF. Wild type S. typhimurium strain SL1344 induced macrophage surface blebbing caused release...

αB-Crystallin plays an important part in cataract development. A novel mutation (R11H) was previously detected by our group. In the present study, we set out to investigate possible molecular mechanism which R11H causes cataract. We found that mutant αB-crystallin exhibits folding defects, decreased surface hydrophobicity and enhanced chaperone-like activity compared with wild-type αB-crystallin. The protein shows nearly same mass thermal stability as form. Transfection studies revealed...