A5049781197- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- HIV Research and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Gut microbiota and health
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Restraint-Related Deaths
Oslo University Hospital
2015-2024
University of Oslo
2015-2022
University of Oxford
2021
Diakonhjemmet Hospital
2012
A high proportion of COVID-19 patients have cardiac involvement, even those without known disease. Downregulation angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and the renin-angiotensin system, as well inflammatory mechanisms been suggested to play role. ACE2 is abundant in gut associated with microbiota composition. We hypothesized that leakage microbial products, subsequent inflammasome activation could contribute involvement patients.Plasma levels marker (LPS-binding...
To test the hypotheses that blood biomarkers for nervous system injury, serum concentrations of neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic (GFAp) can serve as disease severity in COVID-19 patients.Forty-seven inpatients with confirmed had samples drawn on admission assessing CNS injury by Single molecule array (Simoa), NfL GFAp. Concentrations GFAp were analyzed relation to symptoms, clinical signs, inflammatory outcomes. We used multivariate linear models...
Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory infection, mounting evidence suggests that the gastrointestinal tract involved in disease, with gut barrier dysfunction and microbiota alterations being related to severity. Whether these persist are long-term remains unknown.Plasma was collected during hospital admission after 3 months from NOR-Solidarity trial (n = 181) analyzed for markers of inflammation. At 3-month follow-up, pulmonary function assessed by measuring...
Abstract Inducing antiretroviral therapy (ART)-free virological control is a critical step toward human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) cure. In this phase 2a, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial, 43 people (85% males) with HIV-1 on ART were randomized to (1) placebo/placebo, (2) lefitolimod (TLR9 agonist)/placebo, (3) placebo/broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibodies (bNAbs) or (4) lefitolimod/bNAb. interruption (ATI) started at week 3. Lefitolimod was administered once weekly...
Abstract Background Baricitinib has shown efficacy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, but no placebo-controlled trials have focused specifically on severe/critical COVID, including vaccinated participants. Methods Bari-SolidAct is a phase-3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, trial, enrolling participants from June 3, 2021 to March 7, 2022, stopped prematurely for external evidence. Patients COVID-19 were randomised 4 mg once daily or placebo, added standard of care. The primary...
Microbial translocation and chronic inflammation may contribute to non-AIDS morbidity in patients with HIV. This study assessed the impact of probiotic intervention on microbial antiretroviral therapy viral suppression subnormal CD4 count.Thirty-two receiving (CD4 <500 cells/μL) were randomized a double-blind fashion multistrain daily probiotics (n = 15), placebo 9), or controls 8) for 8 weeks. Soluble markers, D-dimer, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), sCD14, T-cell activation, tryptophan...
Abstract The association between pulmonary sequelae and markers of disease severity, as well pro-fibrotic mediators, were studied in 108 patients 3 months after hospital admission for COVID-19. COPD assessment test (CAT-score), spirometry, diffusion capacity the lungs (DL CO ), chest-CT performed at 23 Norwegian hospitals included NOR-SOLIDARITY trial, an open-labelled, randomised clinical investigating efficacy remdesivir hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Thirty-eight percent had a CAT-score ≥ 10....
Abstract Background Up to date information on poisoning trends is important. This study reports the epidemiology of all hospitalized acute poisonings in Oslo, including mortality, follow-up referrals, and whether introduction over-the-counter sales paracetamol outside pharmacies had an impact frequency poisonings. Methods All adults (≥16 years) treated at five hospitals Oslo from April 2008 2009 were included consecutively observational cross-sectional multicentre study. A standardized form...
HIV infection is associated with increased ratio between kynurenine and tryptophan (KTR) in plasma, microbial translocation, expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs), depletion Tc17/mucosa-associated invariant (MAIT) cells. The association these parameters the impact KTR on CD4 T-cell recovery HIV-infected patients combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) after 2 years follow-up was investigated.Forty-one individuals treated cART for a minimum were included. Tregs, CD161Tc17/MAIT cells,...
Abstract Background Immune dysregulation is a major factor in the development of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The homeostatic chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 have been implicated as mediators tissue inflammation, but data on their regulation acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection limited. We thus investigated levels these COVID-19 patients. Methods Serial blood samples were obtained from patients hospitalized with (n = 414). Circulating during hospitalization 3-month...
To explore immune mechanisms and identify biomarkers associated with an inadequate recovery in patients HIV efficient antiretroviral therapy.A cross-sectional study of 67 HIV-infected on therapy for ≥24 months RNA ≤20 copies per milliliter; 41 were defined as immunological nonresponders (INR) (CD4 < 400 cells microliter) 26 responders > 600 microliter). CD4 counts also registered 2 years after inclusion.Cytokines, soluble markers microbial translocation, tryptophan catabolites measured...
To explore monocyte and dendritic cell immune responses, their association with future CD4 gain in treated HIV patients suboptimal recovery.A cross-sectional study of HIV-infected, virally suppressed individuals on antiretroviral therapy for at least 24 months; 41 immunological nonresponders (INRs) (CD4 count <400 cells/μl) 26 responders >600 cells/μl). Ten HIV-infected therapy-naive 10 HIV-negative healthy persons served as controls. counts were registered after median 2.4 4.7...
Abstract Background Prognostic markers for disease severity and identification of therapeutic targets in COVID‐19 are urgently needed. We have studied innate adaptive immunity on protein transcriptomic level patients with different at admission longitudinally during hospitalization. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected three time points from 31 included the Norwegian SARS‐CoV‐2 cohort study analysed by flow cytometry RNA sequencing. Patients grouped as either...
Abstract Aim: To study the current epidemiology, clinical course and outcome of poisonings among children in Oslo compare findings to a similar from 1980. Methods: Observational with prospective inclusion all (<15 years age) main diagnosis acute poisoning treated hospital or outpatient clinic for 2 years. Results: One hundred seventy‐five episodes were included at only (n = 65), paediatric department 82) both 28 referrals). Annual incidence was 97 per 100 000, significantly lower than...
The host response to intruders in the central nervous system (CNS) may be beneficial but could also harmful and responsible for neurologic symptoms sequelae CNS infections. This immune induces activation of kynurenine pathway (KP) with production neuroactive metabolites. Herein, we explored cytokine KP responses cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) serum patients encephalitis, aseptic, bacterial meningitis. Cytokines were measured CSF by multiplex assay adult encephalitis infectious, autoimmune or...
Abstract Objectives Changes in poisoning trends may affect both complications and outcomes patients with acute poisoning. This study reports the treatments given frequency of complications, also related to treatment, mortality sequelae various toxic agents. Methods All poisonings adults (≥16 years) admitted five hospitals Oslo were included consecutively during one year (2008 2009) an observational cross-sectional multicenter study. A standardized form was completed by treating physician,...
Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected immunological nonresponders (INRs) fail to reconstitute their CD4+ T-cell pool after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, and prognosis is inferior that responders (IRs). A prevailing hypothesis the INR phenotype caused by a persistently disrupted mucosal barrier, but assessments gut immunology in different anatomical compartments are scarce. Methods We investigated circulating markers dysfunction, immune activation, Th17 Th22...
Translocation of microbial products such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the gut may contribute to chronic inflammation in HIV-infected individuals. Recent studies indicate that differences degree acylation gut-bacterial-derived LPS explain variable immune effects, with hexa-acylated rather than penta-acylated having proinflammatory capacity. We investigated whether gut-derived associates systemic inflammation, and potential effect probiotic intervention.Gut microbiota profiles a...
Abstract Objective To test the hypotheses that blood concentrations of neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic (GFAp) can serve as biomarkers for disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Methods Forty-seven inpatients with confirmed had samples drawn on admission assessing serum CNS injury by Single molecule array (Simoa). Concentrations NfL GFAp were analyzed relation to symptoms, clinical signs, inflammatory outcomes. We used multivariate linear models differences...
HIV-infected immunological nonresponders (INRs) have increased risk of non-AIDS morbidity and compromised gut barrier immunity. Probiotics are widely used to improve health. We assessed the effects probiotics in INRs with a comprehensive analysis immunity microbiome terminal ileum sigmoid colon.The study involved clinical intervention five-strain probiotic capsules (1.2 × 1010 CFUs/d) for 8 weeks 20 CD4+ T-cell counts <400 cells/µL plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL more than 3.5 years....
Immunological non-responders (INR), a subgroup of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who fail to restore CD4 + T cell numbers upon effective antiretroviral treatment, have impaired gut mucosal barrier function and an inferior clinical prognosis compared immunological responders (IR). The contribution gut-homing exhaustion cells the INR phenotype was previously unknown. Flow cytometry analysis mononuclear from peripheral blood ileal colonic lamina propria showed that had higher fractions in IR....
Abstract Objective Although COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory infection, mounting evidence suggests that the GI tract involved in disease, with gut barrier dysfunction and microbiota alterations being related to disease severity. Whether these persist could be long-term unknown. Design From NOR-Solidarity trial (n=181), plasma was collected during hospital admission after three months, analyzed for markers of inflammation. At three-month follow-up, pulmonary function assessed by measuring...
Sarcocystis is a genus of protozoan parasites that can infect various vertebrates. In humans, infection usually asymptomatic but might manifest as mild gastroenteritis or extraintestinal myositis. We report case human central nervous system in Norway caused by S. nesbitti parasites.
The COVID-19 pandemic posed a challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly immune non-responders (INR) compromised CD4 T-cell reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy (CD4 count <350 cells per mm