A5015254637- Diabetes Management and Research
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
University of Chieti-Pescara
2016-2025
Yale New Haven Hospital
2022-2025
Yale University
2012-2025
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2024
Hospital General de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez
2024
Monash University
2024
Royal Manchester Children's Hospital
2024
University Hospital in Motol
2024
Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital
2024
IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo
2024
We evaluated whether the triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is associated with insulin resistance (IR) in a large multiethnic cohort of obese youths.Obese youths (1,452) had an oral glucose tolerance test and fasting lipid profile. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using whole body index (WBISI) homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR evaluated, subgroup 146 youths, by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. The divided ethnicity (612 whites, 357 Hispanics, 483 African Americans)...
Recently, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified as rs1260326, in glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR), was associated with hypertriglyceridemia adults. Because accumulation of triglycerides hepatocytes represents hallmark steatosis, we aimed to investigate whether this variant might be fatty liver (hepatic fat content, HFF%). Moreover, because recently rs738409 PNPLA3 and rs2854116 APOC3 were liver, explored how GCKR SNP these two variants jointly influence hepatosteatosis. We...
We sought to determine whether obese adolescents with high-"normal" 2-h post-oral glucose tolerance test levels display defects in insulin secretion and sensitivity associated future development of impaired (IGT). Insulin was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp applying mathematical modeling during the hyperglycemic 60 normal (NGT) adolescents, divided into three groups based on values (<100, 100-119, 120-139 mg/dL), 21 IGT adolescents. Glucose reevaluated after 2 years. decreased...
Dysregulation of several metabolite pathways, including branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), are associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance in adults, while studies youth reported conflicting results. We explored whether, independently obesity resistance, obese adolescents NAFLD display a metabolomic signature consistent disturbances acid lipid metabolism. A total 180 plasma metabolites were measured by targeted approach 78 (n = 30) or without 48)...
The innate immune cell sensor leucine-rich–containing family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome controls the activation of caspase-1, and release proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β IL-18. NLRP3 is implicated in adipose tissue inflammation pathogenesis insulin resistance. Herein, we tested hypothesis that are linked to downregulation subcutaneous (SAT) adipogenesis/lipogenesis obese adolescents with altered abdominal fat partitioning. We performed SAT biopsies on 58...
Neck pain is a prevalent health problem, largely reported in adult patients. However, very recent data show that new technologies are inducing shift the prevalence of this relevant issue from adulthood to all pediatric ages. In fact, precocious and inappropriate use personal computers especially cell phones might be related development complex cluster clinical symptoms commonly defined as “text neck syndrome”. The purpose article analyze phenomenon syndrome”, underlying causes risk factors...
Oxidant-antioxidant status was investigated in a group of severely obese prepubertal children comparison with healthy subjects and relation to dietary restriction-weight loss program. All underwent anthropometric measurements determination lipid profile, lag phase, malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamin E. Compared controls, had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (28.97 ± 2.42 vs. 16.03 1.88 kg/m2; P = 0.0002) waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (0.89 0.03 0.80 0.01; 0.0004); phase E levels were...
Our aim was to evaluate the effect of BW and obesity on oxidative stress IR in prepubertal SGA LGA children compared with appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) children.We performed a cross-sectional study comparing 103 categorized into 6 groups according (26 SGA, 15 AGA, 16 normal-weight children) (15 obese children). Indexes (HOMA-IR, G/I) marker (urinary isoprostanes) were evaluated.Homeostasis Model Assessment higher both than AGA (all P <or= .02). Furthermore, difference detected...
Insulin resistance associated with altered fat partitioning in liver and adipose tissues is a prediabetic condition obese adolescents. We investigated interactions between glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, the expression of lipogenic genes abdominal subcutaneous tissue 53 Based on their 2-h tests they were stratified following groups: group 1, level <120 mg/dL; 2, 120 140 3, >140 mg/dL. Liver sensitivity greater 1 than 2 muscle progressively decreased from to 3. The...
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 is highly expressed in the liver and regulates glucose lipid metabolism rodents. The effects of obesity fatty on circulating FGF-21 levels have been described mainly adults. Herein, we measured plasma lean obese adolescents with low high hepatic fat content (HFF% <5.5% HFF% ≥ 5.5%, respectively) explored their relationship content, measures apoptosis, insulin sensitivity.A total 217 both (lean = 31; 107; 79) underwent an oral tolerance test, a fast gradient...
Increased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption has been linked to higher rates of obesity. Using functional MRI, we assessed brain perfusion responses drinking two commonly consumed monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, in obese lean adolescents. Marked differences were observed. In response glucose, adolescents exhibited decreased regions involved executive function (prefrontal cortex [PFC]) increased homeostatic appetite the (hypothalamus). Conversely, demonstrated PFC no change...
OBJECTIVE In the U.S., an astonishing 12.5 million children and adolescents are now obese, predisposing 17% of our nation’s youth to metabolic complications obesity, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Adolescent obesity has tripled over last three decades in setting food advertising directed at children. Obese adults exhibit increased brain responses images motivation-reward pathways. These neural alterations may be attributed obesity-related changes, which promote craving high-calorie (HCF)...
Traditional risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus are weak predictors of changes in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity youth.To identify early metabolic features resistance (IR) youth whether they predict deterioration glycemic control.A cross-sectional longitudinal study was conducted at the Yale Pediatric Obesity Clinic.Concentrations α-hydroxybutyrate, β-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 78...
To investigate whether there is an association of the triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol (TG:HDL-C) ratio with cardiovascular risk factors and early signs vascular damage in obese prepubertal children.In 50 (27 boys, 7.8±1.4 years) 37 normal-weight (20 boys; 7.3±1.5 children, anthropometric measurements, oxidative stress markers (urinary isoprostanes (PGF2α (prostaglandin F2α)), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE)) insulin sensitivity (homeostasis model assessment...