A5066173264- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Williams Syndrome Research
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Congenital heart defects research
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Treatment of Major Depression
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
2015-2025
Vanderbilt University
2009-2022
Allen Institute for Brain Science
2015
Vanderbilt Health
2015
Middle Tennessee State University
2014
Argosy University
2014
Vanderbilt Psychiatric Hospital
2014
Habituation is a basic form of learning that reflects the adaptive reduction in responses to stimulus neither threatening nor rewarding. Extremely shy, or inhibited individuals, are typically slow acclimate new people, behavioral pattern may reflect slower habituation novelty. To test this hypothesis, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging examine neutral faces 39 young adults with either an extreme uninhibited temperament. Our investigation focused on two key brain regions involved...
Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and cause substantial suffering impairment. Whereas the amygdala has well-established contributions to anxiety, evidence from rodent nonhuman primate models suggests that bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) may play a critical, possibly distinct, role in human anxiety disorders. The BNST mediates hypervigilance anticipatory response an unpredictable or ambiguous threat, core symptoms social yet little is known about BNST's anxiety.Functional magnetic...
Hippocampal volume is smaller in schizophrenia, but it unclear when the illness changes appear and whether specific regions (anterior, posterior) subfields (CA1, CA2/3, dentate gyrus, subiculum) are affected. Here, we used a high-resolution T2-weighted sequence specialized for imaging hippocampal to test hypothesis that anterior CA1 lower early psychosis. We measured subfield volumes across group of 90 individuals stage non-affective psychotic disorder 70 demographically similar healthy...
Previous theories have proposed that the amygdala is hyper-responsive to novel stimuli in persons with an inhibited temperament—a biologically based predisposition respond novelty wariness or avoidance behavior. In current study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assess blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) response when viewing recently familiarized faces extreme uninhibited temperament. temperament, showed increased BOLD both and faces. contrast, was only These...
Inhibited temperament - the predisposition to respond new people, places or things with wariness avoidance behaviors is associated increased risk for social anxiety disorder and major depression. Although magnitude of amygdala's response novelty has been identified as a neural substrate inhibited temperament, there may also be differences in temporal dynamics (latency, duration, peak). We hypothesized that persons would have faster responses novel relative familiar neutral faces compared...
Children born with an inhibited temperament are at heightened risk for developing anxiety, depression and substance use. Inhibited is believed to have a biological basis; however, little known about the structural brain basis of this vulnerability trait. Structural MRI scans were obtained from 84 (44 inhibited, 40 uninhibited) young adults. Given previous findings amygdala hyperactivity in individuals, groups compared on three measures structure. To identify novel substrates temperament,...
Background Almost half of children with an inhibited temperament will develop social anxiety disorder by late adolescence. Importantly, this means that not disorder. Studying adults provides a unique opportunity to identify neural signatures both risk and resilience Methods Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used measure brain activation during the anticipation viewing fear faces in 34 young (17 inhibited, 17 uninhibited). To risk, we tested for group differences functional...
Neural habituation allows familiar information to be ignored in favor of salient or novel stimuli. In contrast, failure rapidly habituate likely reflects deficits the ability learn that an environment is predictable, and safe. Differences rate may underlie individual differences tendency approach avoid novelty; however, many questions remain unanswered. Given importance adaptive social functioning, here we tested whether stimuli are associated with fearfulness, a trait ranges from low...
The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is emerging as a critical region in multiple psychiatric disorders including anxiety, PTSD, and alcohol substance use disorders. In conjunction with growing knowledge BNST, an increasing number studies examine connections BNST how those impact function. importance this network highlighted by rodent demonstrating that projections from other brain regions regulate activity influence BNST-related behavior. While many animal human replicate...
Abstract Reporting effect size index estimates with their confidence intervals (CIs) can be an excellent way to simultaneously communicate the strength and precision of observed evidence. We recently proposed a robust (RESI) that is advantageous over common indices because it’s widely applicable different types data. Here, we use statistical theory simulations develop evaluate RESI estimators confidence/credible rely on covariance estimators. Our results show (1) counter intuition,...
The majority of neuroimaging inference focuses on hypothesis testing rather than effect estimation. With concerns about replicability, there is growing interest in reporting standardized sizes from group-level analyses. Confidence sets are a recently developed approach to perform for but restricted univariate and cross-sectional data. Thus, existing methods exclude increasingly common multigroup or nonlinear longitudinal associations biological brain measurements with inter- intra-individual...
Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) are reported to experience early onset of brain aging. However, it is not well understood how pre-existing neurodevelopmental effects versus neurodegenerative processes might be contributing the observed pattern atrophy in younger adults DS. The aims current study were to: (1) confirm previous findings age-related changes DS compared typical development (TD), (2) test for an effect these a second disorder, Williams syndrome (WS), and (3) identify regional...