A5068492124- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Gut microbiota and health
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Clusterin in disease pathology
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Family Support in Illness
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
- Social Media in Health Education
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Digestive system and related health
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
The University of Adelaide
2016-2025
Joslin Diabetes Center
2019
Harvard University
2019
Northwestern University
2019
Odense University Hospital
2019
Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
2009
The University of Melbourne
2009
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2009
Aims/hypothesis To investigate the longitudinal relationship between gut microbiome, circulating short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and intestinal permeability in children with islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes controls. Methods We analyzed bacterial plasma SCFAs, small dietary intake 47 recent-onset 41 unrelated sibling controls over a median (range) of 13 (2-34) months follow-up. Results Children multiple autoantibodies (≥2 IA) had microbiome dysbiosis. Anti-inflammatory Prevotella...
This cohort study examines whether there is a temporal association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of islet autoimmunity among Australian children with first-degree relative type 1 diabetes.
The incidence of type 1 diabetes has increased worldwide, particularly in younger children and those with lower genetic susceptibility. These observations suggest factors the modern environment promote pancreatic islet autoimmunity destruction insulin-producing beta cells. Environmental Determinants Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) Study is investigating candidate environmental exposures gene-environment interactions that may contribute to development diabetes.ENDIA only prospective...
Abstract To optimise fecal sampling for reproducible analysis of the gut microbiome, we compared different methods sample collection and sequencing 16S rRNA genes at two centers. Samples collected from six individuals on three consecutive days were placed in commercial tubes (OMNIgeneGut OMR-200) or sterile screw-top a home fridge freezer 6–24 h, before transfer storage −80 °C. Replicate samples shipped to centers Australia USA DNA extraction by their respective PCR protocols, analysed with...
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can detect early dysglycemia in older children and adults with presymptomatic type 1 diabetes (T1D) predict risk of progression to clinical onset. However, CGM data for very young at greatest disease are lacking. This study aimed investigate the use measured being longitudinally observed Australian Environmental Determinants Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) from birth age 10 years.
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based sensors enable the rapid, label-free and highly sensitive detection of a large range biomolecules. We have previously shown that, using silver-coated optical fibers with high surface roughness, re-scattering light from plasmons is possible, turning SPR into radiative process. The efficacy this platform has proven for biomolecules such as viruses, proteins enzymes. Here, we demonstrate that by bringing together novel emission-based fiber an improved...
Abstract Background The importance of gut bacteria in human physiology, immune regulation, and disease pathogenesis is well established. In contrast, the composition dynamics virome are largely unknown; particularly lacking studies pregnancy. We used comprehensive capture sequencing to characterize pregnant women with without type 1 diabetes (T1D), longitudinally followed Environmental Determinants Islet Autoimmunity study. Methods total, 61 (35 T1D 26 without) from Australia were examined....
The gut microbiome changes in response to a range of environmental conditions, life events and disease states. Pregnancy is natural event that involves major physiological adaptation yet studies the pregnancy are limited their findings inconsistent. with type 1 diabetes (T1D) associated increased maternal fetal risks but this context has not been characterized. By whole metagenome sequencing (WMS), we defined taxonomic composition function bacterial across 70 pregnancies, 36 women T1D.Women...
<title>Abstract</title> The gut microbiomes of traditional Indigenous and 'Western' societies differ markedly in diversity composition. Western diet modifies the microbiome, promoting cardiometabolic disorders that disproportionately affect Australians. Studies are underrepresented literature comparative studies young children living lacking, limiting our understanding early-life microbiome development different cultural contexts. Therefore, we analyzed metagenomes 50 Australian infants...
Introduction The Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) Study is an ongoing Australian prospective cohort study investigating how modifiable prenatal and early-life exposures drive the development islet autoimmunity type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children. In this profile, we describe cohort’s parental demographics, maternal neonatal outcomes human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes. Research design methods Inclusion criteria were unborn child, or infant aged less than 6 months,...
Abstract Aims To measure pancreatic area and exocrine function in young children with recent‐onset Type 1 diabetes to determine whether the pancreas is also affected pathophysiology of early childhood diabetes. Methods Thirty‐two (14 boys) aged 5.5 (4.5, 7.3) median ( IQR ) years presenting 90 controls (44 similar age had ultrasound imaging pancreas. Children were receiving insulin without ketosis. Transverse longitudinal areas measured by digitalized outline. Pancreatic faecal elastase‐1...
Abstract Mass spectrometry (MS) profiling of the proteome and peptidome for disease‐associated patterns is a new concept in clinical diagnostics. The technique, however, highly sensitive to external sources variation leading potentially unacceptable numbers false positive negative results. Before MS can be confidently implemented medical setting, standard experimental methods must developed that minimize technical variance. Past studies variance have focused largely on pre‐analytical (i.e.,...
Abstract Aim A hypothesized mechanism for increased type 1 diabetes risk among caesarean births is lack of exposure to the vaginal microbiota. Children born by prelabour are not exposed microbiota, whereas during labour (intrapartum) may be exposed. The aim this study was estimate children compared with normal delivery. Methods This whole‐of‐population linked routinely collected, de‐identified administrative data from South Australian Early Childhood Data Project all 1999 2013. Type cases...
Background: Rural/remote blood collection can cause delays in processing, reducing PBMC number, viability, cell composition and function. To mitigate these impacts, was stored at 4 °C prior to processing. Viable immune phenotype, Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release were measured. Furthermore, the lowest protective volume of cryopreservation media concentration investigated. Methods: Blood from 10 individuals for up days. Flow cytometry IFN-γ ELISPOT used measure phenotype function on thawed PBMC....
Background: The Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) pregnancy-birth cohort investigates the developmental origins type 1 diabetes (T1D), with recruitment between 2013 and 2019. ENDIA is first study in world comprehensive data biospecimen collection during pregnancy, at birth through childhood from at-risk children who have a first-degree relative T1D. exposures are thought to drive progression clinical T1D, pancreatic islet autoimmunity (IA) developing genetically...
Background Challenges with type 1 diabetes (T1D) blood glucose management and illness-related school absences potentially influence children's educational outcomes. However, evidence about the impact of T1D on education is mixed. The objectives were to estimate effects outcomes, compare time since diagnosis (recent [≤2 years] 3 10 years long exposure) Methods This whole-of-population study used de-identified, administrative linked-data from South Australian Early Childhood Data Project. was...
Backgrounds We aimed to monitor pancreatic exocrine function longitudinally in relation the development of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) at-risk children with a first-degree relative T1D, who were followed prospectively Environmental Determinants Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study. Methods Fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) concentration was measured 85 ENDIA from median age 1.0 (IQR 0.7,1.3) year. Twenty-eight (progressors) developed persistent autoantibodies at 1.5 1.1,2.5) years,...
Microbial exposures in utero and early life shape the infant microbiome, which can profoundly impact on health. Compared to bacterial very little is known about virome. We set out characterize longitudinal changes gut virome of healthy infants born mothers with or without type 1 diabetes using comprehensive capture sequencing.Healthy were selected from Environmental Determinants Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA), a prospective cohort Australian children first-degree relative diabetes, followed...