A5024517783- Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Ocular and Laser Science Research
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
- Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization
- Thin-Film Transistor Technologies
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- Chinese history and philosophy
- Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design
- Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
- Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics
- Optical Network Technologies
- Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics
- Medical Imaging and Analysis
Yonsei University
2007-2025
Korea Institute of Science and Technology
2019-2024
Korean Association Of Science and Technology Studies
2021-2024
University of Chicago
2022-2023
Konkuk University
2021-2022
Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation
2022
Korea Railroad Research Institute
2019-2020
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2017-2018
University Health Care System
2018
Samsung (South Korea)
2015-2016
We present a high-performance back-illuminated three-dimensional stacked single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD), which is implemented in 45-nm CMOS technology for the first time. The SPAD based on P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> /Deep N-well junction with circular shape, intentionally excluded to achieve wide depletion region, thus enabling lower tunneling noise and better timing jitter as well higher photon detection...
Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have become the sensor of choice in many applications whenever high sensitivity, low noise, and sharp timing performance are required, simultaneously. Recently, SPADs designed CMOS technology, yielded moderately good these parameters, but never equaling their counterparts fabricated highly customized, non-standard technologies. The arguments favor CMOS-compatible were miniaturization, cost scalability. In this paper, we present first SPAD with...
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems based on direct time-of-flight (DTOF) are used in spacecraft navigation, assembly-line robotics, augmented virtual reality (AR/VR), (drone-based) surveillance, advanced driver assistance (ADAS), autonomous cars. Common requirements accuracy speed, while ensuring long operating distance, high tolerance to background illumination robustness interference from other LiDAR systems. To meet these demands, the DTOF sensor community has provided numerous...
This article introduces a modular, direct time-of-flight (TOF) depth sensor. Each module is digitally synthesized and features 2$\times $ (8 $\times 8) single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) pixel array, an edge-sensitive decision tree, shared time-to-digital converter (TDC), 21-bit per-pixel memory, in-locus data processing. operates autonomously, by internal acquisition, management, storage, being periodically read out external access. The prototype was fabricated in TSMC 3-D-stacked...
3D vision is an increasingly important feature in many applications of consumer, automotive, industrial, and medical imaging. Long range, high depth resolution, spatial frame rates, are often conflicting requirements difficult to be simultaneously achieved, especially extreme ambient light conditions. In order address range direct time-of-flight has emerged as a powerful technique perform detection ranging (LiDAR), thanks advances low-jitter optical detectors, such single-photon avalanche...
We investigate the effects of guard-ring (GR) structures on performance silicon avalanche photodetectors (APDs) fabricated with standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Four types CMOS-compatible APDs (CMOS-APDs) based p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> / n-well junction different GR are fabricated, and their electric-field profiles simulated analyzed. Current characteristics, responsivity, gain,...
Single-photon detection and photon counting are useful tools in many fields, from light ranging (LiDAR) to biomedical imaging time-resolved Raman spectroscopy quantum applications. In this context, recently, single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensors standard CMOS technology have been receiving considerable attention both scientific industrial communities since they can provide photon-counting capabilities along with some functionalities such as time-of-arrival evaluation histogram...
This paper reports on the first implementation of a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) in standard silicon insulator (SOI) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The SPAD is realized circular shape, and it based P(+)/N-well junction along with P-well guard-ring structure formed by lateral diffusion two closely spaced N-well regions. electric-field profile analyzed means simulation to predict breakdown voltage effectiveness premature edge breakdown. Measurements confirm...
CMOS single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have broken into the mainstream by enabling adoption of imaging, timing, and security technologies in a variety applications within consumer, medical industrial domains. The continued scaling technology nodes creates many benefits but also obstacles for SPAD-based systems. Maintaining and/or improving upon high-sensitivity, low-noise, timing performance demonstrated SPADs custom or well-established image sensor processes remains challenge. In this...
Recent advances in computer-aided detection via deep learning (DL) now allow for prostate cancer to be detected automatically and recognized with extremely high accuracy, much like other medical diagnoses prognoses. However, researchers are still limited by the Gleason scoring system. The histopathological analysis involved assigning appropriate score is a rigorous, time-consuming manual process that constrained quality of material pathologist's level expertise. In this research, we...
Abstract Purpose To validate JLK-LVO, a software detecting large vessel occlusion (LVO) on computed tomography angiography (CTA), within multicenter dataset. Methods From 2021 to 2023, we enrolled patients with ischemic stroke who underwent CTA 24-hour of onset at six university hospitals for validation and calibration datasets another hospital an independent dataset testing model calibration. The diagnostic performance was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity...
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) requires urgent treatment, and accurate timely diagnosis is essential for improving outcomes. This pivotal clinical trial aimed to validate a deep learning algorithm ICH detection assess its utility through reader performance test. Retrospective CT scans from patients with without were collected tertiary hospital. Two experts evaluated all scans, third expert reviewing disagreements the final diagnosis. We analyzed of algorithm, JLK-ICH, cases subtypes....
Abstract Background This multicenter clinical trial evaluated the stand-alone efficacy and improvements in diagnostic accuracy of early-career physicians using a deep learning-based software to detect large vessel occlusion (LVO) CT angiography (CTA). Methods pivotal included 595 ischemic stroke patients from January 2018 September 2023. Standard reference LVO locations (intracranial internal carotid artery [ICA], M1, or M2) were determined by consensus among three expert vascular...
Intracranial aneurysm rupture is associated with high mortality and disability rates. Early detection crucial, but increasing diagnostic workloads place significant strain on radiologists. We evaluated the efficacy of a deep learning algorithm in detecting unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) using time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Data from 675 participants (189 aneurysm-positive [221 UIAs] 486 aneurysm-negative) were collected two hospitals (2019-2023)....
3D-stacked CMOS SPAD based image sensors hold the promise for better sensitivity and more functionality per pixel. The technology enables to separate detection from computation onto different chips, or tiers, that are stacked one another. One advantage is be able independently optimize processing in dedicated processes. Another achieve extremely low skews across large thus enabling accurate timing over multi-megapixel sensors. A further potential of implementing advanced requiring arrays...
Objective The chest X-ray (CXR) is the most readily available and common imaging modality for assessment of pneumonia. However, detecting pneumonia from radiography a challenging task, even experienced radiologists. An artificial intelligence (AI) model might help to diagnose CXR more quickly accurately. We aim develop an AI images evaluate diagnostic performance with external dataset. Methods To train model, total 157,016 National Institutes Health (NIH) Korean Tuberculosis Association...
This work presents a novel InGaAs/InP SPAD structure fabricated using selective area growth (SAG) method. The surface topography of the selectively grown film deposited within 70 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula> m diffusion apertures is used to engineer Zn profile suppress premature edge breakdown. device achieves highly uniform active without need for shallow...
We present an analog silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based on a standard 55-nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. The SiPM is composed of 16 × single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and measures 0.29 0.32 mm <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> . Each SPAD cell passively quenched by monolithically integrated 3.3 V thick oxide transistor. measured gain 3.4 10...
This article presents an optoelectronic receiver IC with on-chip avalanche photodiode (APD) realized in a 180-nm CMOS process for the applications of indoor-monitoring light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors. As optical detector, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{p}^{+}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> /n-well APD is integrated, thereby enabling to avoid unwanted signal distortion from...
This paper discusses design optimization for silicon avalanche photodetectors (APDs) fabricated in standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology order to achieve the highest possible performance. Such factors as PN junctions, guard ring structures, active areas, and back-end structures are considered optimization. CMOS-APDs reflecting varying aspects of these their performances characterized. In addition, characteristics analyzed with computer-aided-design simulations...
We introduce a new family of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) with enhanced depletion regions in 55-nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. demonstrate how to systematically engineer doping profiles the main junction and deep p-well layers achieve high sensitivity low timing jitter. A sub 10 μm SPADs was designed fully characterized. With increase well-defined region, breakdown voltages three variants are 17.1, 20.6, 23.0 V, respectively, peak PDP wavelengths 450 nm, 540 640...
For on-chip data communication with galvanic isolation, a monolithically integrated optocoupler is strongly desired. this purpose, silicon (Si) avalanche mode LEDs (AMLEDs) offer great potential. However such AMLEDs have relatively low internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and high power consumption. the first time, in work, experimentally demonstrated. The novelty of work use highly sensitive single-photon diodes (SPADs) for photo-detection to compensate IQE AMLEDs. We investigated our realized...