A5074511753- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Genital Health and Disease
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2015-2024
Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
2015-2024
Prince of Wales Hospital
2023
UNSW Sydney
2023
Westmead Institute for Medical Research
2023
Sydney Children's Hospital
2023
Australian e-Health Research Centre
2023
Commonwealth Foundation
2023
The University of Sydney
2023
Platinum Group Coatings (United States)
2021
Bats of the genus Pteropus have been identified as reservoir hosts for henipaviruses Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah (NiV). The aim these studies was to assess likely mechanisms transmission from bats. In a series experiments, bats Malaysia Australia were inoculated with NiV HeV, respectively, by natural routes infection. Despite an intensive sampling strategy, no recovered Malaysian HeV reisolated only one Australian bat; disease seen. These experiments suggest that opportunities henipavirus...
Nipah virus is a broadly tropic and highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxovirus in the genus Henipavirus whose natural reservoirs are several species of Pteropus fruit bats. has repeatedly caused outbreaks over past decade associated with severe often fatal disease humans animals. Here, new ferret model pathogenesis described where both respiratory neurological present infected Severe occurs viral doses as low 500 TCID(50) within 6 to 10 days following infection. The underlying pathology seen...
Abstract In recent years, the emergence of several highly pathogenic zoonotic diseases in humans has led to a renewed emphasis on interconnectedness human, animal, and environmental health, otherwise known as One Health. For example, Hendra virus (HeV), paramyxovirus, was discovered 1994, since then, infections have occurred 7 humans, each whom had strong epidemiologic link similarly affected horses. As consequence these outbreaks, eradication bat populations discussed, despite their crucial...
The ability of (18)fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ((18)FDG PET) to detect malignant change in plexiform neurofibromas from patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) was evaluated.Eighteen NF1 who presented pain, increase size, or neurological deficit associated a neurofibroma were assessed. Magnetic resonance imaging determined the site and extent lesion. Qualitative(18)FDG PET performed standard uptake value (SUV) measured regional glucose metabolism. Histological...
ABSTRACT Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra (HeV) are paramyxoviruses capable of causing considerable morbidity mortality in a number mammalian species, including humans. Case reports from outbreaks previous challenge experiments have suggested that cats were highly susceptible to NiV infection, responding with severe respiratory disease systemic infection. Here we assessed the cat as model experimental infection use it evaluation subunit vaccine comprised soluble G glycoprotein (sG). Two groups...
Rabies is a fatal neurological pathogen that persistent problem throughout the developing world where it spread primarily by domestic dogs. Although disease has been extensively studied in wildlife populations Europe and North America, dynamics of rabies dog almost entirely neglected. Here, we demonstrate epidemics southern eastern Africa cycle with period 3–6 years show significant synchrony across region. The observed shorter than predictions based on epidemiological parameters for We find...
In 2008, Reston ebolavirus (REBOV) was isolated from pigs during a disease investigation in the Philippines. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) infections were also confirmed affected herds contribution of REBOV to outbreak remains uncertain. We have conducted experimental challenge studies 5-week-old pigs, with exposure animals 10(6) TCID(50) 2008 swine isolate via either oronasal or subcutaneous route. Replication internal organs...
In March 2014, avian influenza in poultry Laos was caused by an emergent A(H5N6) virus. Genetic analysis indicated that the virus had originated from reassortment of A(H5N1) clade 2.3.2.1b, variant 2.3.4, and A(H6N6) viruses circulate broadly duck populations southern eastern China.
Dogs are Zimbabwe's primary vector for rabies, and the majority live in communal lands (traditional agropastoralist rural areas). In 1994, a household questionnaire survey was conducted to provide baseline data on demography dog‐human relationships of dogs lands. The showed that all were owned, there no evidence feral population. They unrestricted semi.dependent people. numbers per capita varied little each land, resulting higher dog densities with human densities, indicating people not...
Thirty eight patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) had neurological examinations, intellectual assessments and MRI scans. Increased intensity lesions on T2 weighted images were found in 13 patients. These abnormalities more common aged under 18 years. The occurred predominantly the basal ganglia, brainstem cerebellum, multiple 11 They did not produce symptoms or deficit any patient enhance gadolinium-meglumine-triamine-pentaacetic acid contrast medium (Gd-DTPA). In 2 patients, however,...
Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused major disease outbreaks in domestic and free-living birds with transmission to humans resulting 59% mortality amongst 564 cases. The mutation of the amino acid at position 627 viral polymerase basic-2 protein (PB2) from glutamic (E) isolates lysine (K) human is frequently found, but it not known if this change affects fitness pathogenicity virus birds. We show here that horizontal A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (VN/1203) chickens ducks was...
Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) has caused several epizootics in multiple species of cetaceans globally and is an emerging disease among Australia. We detected CeMV 2 stranded coastal Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) Western Preliminary phylogenetic data suggest that this virus variant divergent from known strains.
Abstract Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are likely to be critical in the management of ongoing pandemic. A number candidates Phase III human clinical trials, including ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222), a replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine candidate. In preclinical efficacy challenge was evaluated ferret model infection. Groups ferrets received either prime-only or prime-boost administration via intramuscular intranasal route. All combinations resulted significant reductions...
Abstract Background Hendra virus (HeV) has caused lethal disease outbreaks in humans and horses Australia. Flying foxes are the wildlife reservoir from which was first isolated 1996. Following a heat stress mortality event Australian flying 2013, novel HeV variant discovered. This study describes subsequent surveillance of for this over nine year period using qRT-PCR testing tissues submitted primarily bat lyssavirus diagnosis. Genome sequencing characterisation also undertaken. Methods...
Hendra virus (HeV) is a lethal zoonotic agent that emerged in 1994 Australia. Pteropid bats (flying-foxes) are the natural reservoir. To date, HeV has spilled over from flying-foxes to horses on 51 known occasions, and infected close-contact humans seven occasions. We undertook screening of archived bat tissues for by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Tissues were tested 310 including 295 Pteropodiformes 15 Vespertilioniformes. was detected 20 individual...
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a macrophage-tropic responsible for ASF, transboundary disease that threatens production world-wide. Since there are no vaccines available to control ASF after an outbreak, obtaining understanding of the virus-host interaction important developing new intervention strategies. In this study, whole transcriptomic RNA-Seq method was used characterize differentially expressed genes in pigs infected with low pathogenic ASFV isolate, OUR T88/3 (OURT), or highly...
Neurotropic viral infections continue to pose a serious threat human and animal wellbeing. Host responses combatting the invading virus in these often cause irreversible damage nervous system, resulting poor prognosis. Rabies is most lethal neurotropic virus, which specifically infects neurons spreads through host system by retrograde axonal transport. The key pathogenic mechanisms associated with rabies infection transmission remains unclear. Here we studied pathogenesis of different field...
Cases of morbillivirus have been recorded in the Southern Hemisphere but not linked to significant marine mammal mortality. Post-mortems were conducted on 58 carcasses (44 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins, two common 12 short-beaked dolphins) from South Australia during 2005–2013, including an unusual mortality event (UME) St Vincent Gulf Bioregion (SVG) 2013. Diagnostic pathology, circumstance death, body condition, age and stomach contents documented for dolphins. At least 50 dolphins died...