A5017883339- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- interferon and immune responses
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Medicinal Plant Pharmacodynamics Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Lung Cancer Research Studies
Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
2013-2024
Breast Cancer Research Foundation
2007-2023
Breakthrough
2023
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2011-2022
CSIRO Health and Biosecurity
2016-2022
University of Guelph
2018
Stanford University
2018
Johns Hopkins University
2018
National University of Singapore
2018
EcoHealth Alliance
2018
The genus Henipavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae contains two viruses, Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah (NiV) for which pteropid bats act as main natural reservoir. Each also causes serious commonly lethal infection of people well various species domestic animals, however little is known about associated mechanisms pathogenesis. Here, we report isolation characterization a new paramyxovirus from bats, Cedar (CedPV), shares significant features with henipaviruses. genome size (18,162 nt)...
Bats are the suspected natural reservoir hosts for a number of new and emerging zoonotic viruses including Nipah virus, Hendra severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Ebola virus. Since discovery SARS-like coronaviruses in Chinese horseshoe bats, attempts to isolate SL-CoV from bats have failed other bat-borne various mammalian cell lines been similarly unsuccessful. New stable bat needed help with these investigations as tools assist study immunology virus-host interactions.Black...
Viral emergence as a result of zoonotic transmission constitutes continuous public health threat. Emerging viruses such SARS coronavirus, hantaviruses and henipaviruses have wildlife reservoirs. Characterising the candidate reservoir species in geographical hot spots for viral is sensible approach to develop tools predict, prevent, or contain events. Here, we explore Eidolon helvum, an Old World fruit bat widely distributed Africa that lives close proximity humans. We identified great...
By screening a tissue microarray of invasive breast tumors, we have shown that the receptor tyrosine kinase RET (REarranged during Transfection) and its coreceptor GFR alpha 1 (GDNF family alpha-1) are overexpressed in subset estrogen receptor-positive tumors. Germ line-activating oncogenic mutations allow this to signal independently ligand glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) promote spectrum endocrine neoplasias. However, it is not known whether tumor progression can also be...
Bats are known to harbor a number of emerging and re-emerging zoonotic viruses, many which highly pathogenic in other mammals but result no clinical symptoms bats. The ability bats coexist with viruses may be the rapid control viral replication early immune response. IFNs provide first line defense against infection vertebrates. Type III (IFN-λs) recently identified IFN family that share similar antiviral activities type I IFNs. To our knowledge, we demonstrate functional analysis from any...
ABSTRACT Bats carry a variety of paramyxoviruses that impact human and domestic animal health when spillover occurs. Recent studies have shown great diversity in an urban-roosting population straw-colored fruit bats Ghana. Here, we investigate this further through virus isolation describe two novel rubulaviruses: Achimota 1 (AchPV1) 2 (AchPV2). The viruses form phylogenetic cluster with each other bat-derived rubulaviruses, such as Tuhoko viruses, Menangle virus, Tioman virus. We developed...
The 'D614G' mutation (Aspartate-to-Glycine change at position 614) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been speculated to adversely affect efficacy most vaccines and countermeasures that target this glycoprotein, necessitating frequent vaccine matching. Virus neutralisation assays were performed using sera from ferrets which received two doses INO-4800 COVID-19 vaccine, Australian virus isolates (VIC01, SA01 VIC31) either possess or lack but are otherwise comparable. Through approach,...
Abstract Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are likely to be critical in the management of ongoing pandemic. A number candidates Phase III human clinical trials, including ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222), a replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine candidate. In preclinical efficacy challenge was evaluated ferret model infection. Groups ferrets received either prime-only or prime-boost administration via intramuscular intranasal route. All combinations resulted significant reductions...
Bats constitute a reservoir of zoonotic infections and some bat paramyxoviruses are capable cross-species transmission, often with fatal consequences. Determining the level viral diversity in populations is fundamental to understanding predicting emergence. This particularly relevant for RNA viruses where adaptive mutations required transmission can be present host. We report use non-invasively collected, pooled, neat urine samples as robust sample type investigating populations. Using...
Bats have been found to harbour a number of new emerging viruses with zoonotic potential, and there has great deal interest in identifying novel bat pathogens determine the risk human animal health. Many groups identified bats by detection viral nucleic acid; however, virus isolation is still challenge, are few reports isolates from bats. In recent years, our group developed optimized procedures for urine, including use primary cells. previous reports, we described Hendra virus, Menangle...
Success of Ebola virus (EBOV) as a human pathogen relates at the molecular level primarily to blockade host cell type I interferon (IFN) antiviral response. Most individuals who survive disease (EVD) develop chronic syndrome: approximately one-quarter survivors suffer from uveitis, which has been associated with presence EBOV within eye. Clinical observations post-Ebola uveitis indicate involvement retinal pigment epithelial cells.We inoculated ARPE-19 cells EBOV, and followed course...
Pre-clinical responses to fast-moving infectious disease outbreaks heavily depend on choosing the best isolates for animal models that inform diagnostics, vaccines and treatments. Current approaches are driven by practical considerations (e.g. first available virus isolate) rather than a detailed analysis of characteristics strain chosen, which can lead not representative circulating or emerging clusters. Here, we suggest combination epidemiological, experimental bioinformatic when strains...
Despite molecular and serologic evidence of Nipah virus in bats from various locations, attempts to isolate live have been largely unsuccessful. We report isolation full-genome characterization 10 isolates Pteropus medius sampled Bangladesh during 2013 2014.
Nipah virus (NiV) is an emergent pathogen capable of causing acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis in pigs humans. A high fatality rate broad host tropism makes NiV a serious public animal health concern. There therefore urgent need for vaccines to protect animals In this study we investigated the immunogenicity bovine herpesvirus (BoHV-4) vectors expressing either attachment (G) or fusion (F) glycoproteins, BoHV-4-A-CMV-NiV-GΔTK BoHV-4-A-CMV-NiV-FΔTK, respectively pigs. The were...
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the infectious disease COVID-19, which has rapidly become an international pandemic with significant impact on healthcare systems and global economy. To assist antiviral therapy vaccine development efforts, we performed a natural history/time course study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ferrets to characterise assess suitability this animal model. Ten each sex were challenged intranasally 4.64 × 10 4 TCID 50...
Nipah virus (NiV) poses a significant threat to human and livestock populations across South Southeast Asia. Vaccines are required reduce the risk impact of spillover infection events. Pigs can act as an intermediate amplifying host for NiV and, separately, provide preclinical model evaluating vaccine candidate immunogenicity. The aim this study was therefore evaluate immunogenicity mRNA vectored in pigs. were immunized twice with 100 μg nucleoside-modified encoding soluble G glycoprotein...
Abstract Bat-to-horse transmission of Hendra virus has occurred at least 14 times. Although clinical signs in horses have differed, genome sequencing demonstrated little variation among the isolates. Our 5 isolates from recent outbreaks found no correlation between sequences and time or geographic location outbreaks.
Herpesviruses or herpesviral sequences have been identified in various bat species. Here, we report the isolation, cell tropism, and complete genome sequence of a novel betaherpesvirus from Miniopterus schreibersii (MsHV). In primary culture, MsHV causes cytopathic effects (CPE) reaches peak virus production 2 weeks after infection. was found to infect replicate less efficiently feline kidney cell, CRFK, failed 13 other lines tested. Sequencing using 454 system, with 224-fold coverage,...
Old World frugivorous bats have been identified as natural hosts for emerging zoonotic viruses of significant public health concern, including henipaviruses (Nipah and Hendra virus), Ebola virus, Marburg virus. Epidemiological studies these in often utilize serology to describe viral dynamics, with particular attention paid juveniles, whose birth increases the overall susceptibility population a outbreak once maternal immunity wanes. However, little is understood about bat immunology,...
Bats are the natural reservoir host for a number of zoonotic viruses, including Hendra virus (HeV) which causes severe clinical disease in humans and other susceptible hosts. Our understanding ability bats to avoid following infection with viruses such as HeV has come predominantly from vitro studies focusing on innate immunity. Information early response vivo is lacking there no comparative data responses compared animals that succumb disease. In this study, we examined sites replication...
Abstract The migration of macrophages through peripheral tissues is an essential step in the host response to infection, inflammation, and ischemia as well tumor progression tissue repair. mannose receptor (MR; CD206, previously known macrophage MR) a 175-kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein member family four recycling endocytic receptors, which share common extracellular domain structure but distinct ligand-binding properties cell expression patterns. MR has been shown bind internalize...
Hendra virus (HeV) is an Australian bat-borne zoonotic paramyxovirus that repeatedly spills-over to horses causing fatal disease. Human cases have all been associated with close contact infected horses. A full-length antigenome clone of HeV was assembled, a reporter gene (GFP or luciferase) inserted between the P and M genes transfected 293T cells generate infectious gene-encoding recombinant viruses. These viruses were then assessed in vitro for expression genes. The GFP expressing used...
The 2014/2015 Ebolavirus outbreak resulted in more than 28,000 cases and 11,323 reported deaths, as of March 2016. Domestic transmission the Guinea strain associated with occurred mainly six African countries, international was four countries. Outbreak management limited by inability to rapidly diagnose infected cases. A further fifteen countries Africa are predicted be at risk outbreaks future a consequence climate change urbanization. Early detection reduction rates is critical prevent...