A5070178419- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Global Health Care Issues
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Occupational Health and Performance
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
St George's, University of London
2025
City St George's, University of London
2025
Des Moines University
2024
Imperial College London
2016-2022
Prisma
2015-2022
Faculty of Public Health
2022
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2022
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
2016-2022
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2022
Royal Glamorgan Hospital
2020
1. Measurements of transfer factor and sub-maximal exercise ventilation cardiac frequency have been made on twenty women with iron-deficiency anaemia (Hb 8–9 g/100 ml) before after ‘treatment’ iron or placebo tablets control subjects. 2. The ventilation, oxygen uptake were independent haemoglobin concentration but the was lower in test than subjects increased by not treatment. results support validity reaction-rate data for carbon monoxide oxyhaemoglobin Roughton & Forster (1957) despite...
MethodsThe study evaluated the impact of a socioeconomic support intervention -described in Box 1 -in 32 contiguous shanty towns Callao, Peru, northern, coastal extension Objective To evaluate on tuberculosis preventive therapy initiation household contacts patients and treatment success patients.Methods A non-blinded, household-randomized, controlled was performed between February 2014 June 2015 Peru.It included being treated for their contacts.Households were randomly assigned to either...
Contacts of tuberculosis index cases are at increased risk developing tuberculosis. Screening, preventive therapy, and surveillance for underused interventions in contacts, particularly adults. We developed a score to predict adult contacts cases.In 2002-06, we recruited aged 15 years or older with pulmonary who lived desert shanty towns Ventanilla, Peru. followed up until February, 2016. used Cox proportional hazards model identify case, contact, household factors from which derive classify...
Abstract Background Only 63% of patients initiating multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) treatment in 2020 were treated successfully. 24-Week all-oral bedaquiline, pretomanid, and linezolid (BPaL)–based regimens have demonstrated higher rates success been recommended by the World Health Organization. Operational research is urgently required to evaluate these non-trial settings. Methods This was a prospective cohort study with microbiologically confirmed...
Poverty drives tuberculosis (TB) rates but the approach to TB control has been disproportionately biomedical. In 2015, World Health Organization's End Strategy explicitly identified need address social determinants of through socio-economic interventions. However, evidence concerning poverty reduction and cost mitigation strategies is limited. The research described in this article, based on 2016 Royal College Physicians Linacre Lecture, aimed knowledge gap. was divided into two phases:...
BackgroundActive case-finding among contacts of patients with tuberculosis is a global health priority, but the effects active versus passive are poorly characterised. We assessed contribution to detection and compared sex disease characteristics between diagnosed through these strategies.MethodsIn shanty towns in Callao, Peru, we identified index followed up aged 15 years or older for tuberculosis. All were offered free programmatic entailing sputum smear microscopy clinical assessment....
Background Early detection and diagnosis of tuberculosis remain major global priorities for control. Few studies have used a qualitative approach to investigate the social determinants contributing diagnostic delay none compared data collected from individual, community, health-system levels. We aimed characterize that contribute among persons diagnosed with living in resource-constrained settings. Methods/Principle findings Data were public health facilities high incidence 19 districts...
The epidemiological impact and cost-effectiveness of social protection biomedical interventions for tuberculosis-affected households might be improved by risk stratification. We therefore derived externally validated a household-level score to predict tuberculosis among contacts patients with tuberculosis.
Birmingham, UK, 1990-2010.To identify predictors in contacts for completion of screening and a positive outcome, i.e., diagnosis latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) or active tuberculosis (TB).A retrospective cohort study TB notifications European city.A total 46,158 were identified from 7365 index cases. Over the period 17,471 (40.9%) failed to complete screening. Active LTBI was diagnosed 2220 (7.0%) cases pulmonary (PTB) 222 (2.7%) extra-pulmonary (EPTB). The proportion offered treatment...
Background Global tuberculosis policy increasingly emphasises broad impacts and highlights the lack of evidence concerning tuberculosis-related quality life (QOL). Methods Participants were recruited in 32 Peruvian communities between July 13, 2016 February 24, 2018 followed-up until November 8, 2019. Inclusion criteria age ≥15 years for “patients” (n=1545) starting treatment disease health centres; “contacts” (n=3180) who shared a patient's household ≥6 h·week −1 ; randomly selected...
The use of a spray system to coat meat rolls with egg solution resulted in the development asthmatic type symptoms eight thirteen workers exposed spray. Symptoms were severe five workers, less two, and one worker experienced vague symptoms. Even though precipitins present nine there no pyrexial episodes nor influenza-like occurring some hours after inhaling material suggest extrinsic allergic alveolitis. All sera reacted against an antigen yolk, two only this but ovalbumin detected. Lung...
Abstract Objectives Mobile phone interventions have been advocated for tuberculosis care, but little is known about access of target populations to mobile phones. We studied among patients with tuberculosis, focusing on vulnerable and who later had adverse treatment outcomes. Methods In a prospective cohort study in Callao, Peru, we recruited interviewed 2584 between 2007 2013 followed them until 2016 outcomes using national registers. Subsequently, further 622 2017. Data were analysed...
Amphimerus sp. is a liver fluke which recently has been shown to have high prevalence of infection among an indigenous group, Chachi, who reside in tropical rainforest the northwestern region Ecuador. Since it unknown animals can act as reservoir and/or definitive hosts for this endemic area, study was done determine domestic cats and dogs. This information important understand epidemiology, life cycle control parasite.In July 2012, three Chachi communities located on Rio Cayapas, province...
The lung volumes, ventilatory capacity, and transfer factor of young adult male female New Guineans living at sea level, after standardization for age, height, and, in the case factor, haemoglobin concentration, resemble those people Indian West African descent. inspiratory capacity expiratory reserve volume are smaller than comparable Europeans. highland have a larger total coastal dwellers due mainly to capacity. Compared with representative Europeans, highlanders similar but factor....
Early detection and diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is a global priority. Prolonged symptom duration before TB associated with increased morbidity, mortality, risk transmission. We aimed to determine socioeconomic behavioral factors diagnostic delays among patients TB. Data were collected from 105 using semi-structured interview guide in Lima, Peru. Factors delay analyzed negative binomial regression. The median when symptoms commenced the first positive sample public health facilities was 57...
Chagas disease, primarily spread in Bolivia by the vector Triatoma Infestans, persists as an important public health problem. Preventative insecticide campaigns target spraying on basis of anecdotal evidence and there is a need for accurate classification score to correctly identify 'at risk' houses. Data were collected from 337 households 11 variables through use standardised questionnaire survey. Risk factors infestation identified risk was developed validated separate cohort 165 Five...