Amelia R. Hofstetter
A5075128279- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Respiratory viral infections research
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- interferon and immune responses
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Renal cell carcinoma treatment
- Marine animal studies overview
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Medical and Health Sciences Research
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2022-2024
National Institutes of Health
2022-2024
National Animal Disease Center
2017-2023
United States Department of Agriculture
2017-2023
Agricultural Research Service
2017-2023
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2013-2021
Memorial
2020
Center for Disease Control
2020
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2016
Emory University
2009-2016
Influenza vaccines could be improved by platforms inducing cross-reactive immunity. Immunodominance of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) head in currently licensed impedes induction neutralizing stem-directed antibodies. A vaccine without variable HA domain has potential to focus immune response on conserved stem. This first-in-human dose-escalation open-label phase 1 clinical trial (NCT03814720) tested an stabilized stem ferritin nanoparticle (H1ssF) based H1 A/New Caledonia/20/1999....
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a filoviral infection caused by species of the Ebolavirus genus including Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) and Sudan (SUDV). We investigated safety immunogenicity heterologous prime-boost regimen involving chimpanzee adenovirus 3 vectored vaccine [either monovalent (cAd3-EBOZ) or bivalent (cAd3-EBO)] prime followed recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara EBOV (MVA-EbolaZ) boost in two phase 1/1b randomized open-label clinical trials healthy adults United States (US) Uganda...
Abstract Repetitive Ag encounter, coupled with dynamic changes in density and inflammation, imparts phenotypic functional heterogeneity to memory virus-specific CD8 T cells persistently infected hosts. For herpesvirus infections, which cycle between latency reactivation, recent studies demonstrate that cell is predominantly derived from naive precursors recruited during acute infection. Whether viruses persist a nonlatent, low-level infectious state (smoldering infection) originate...
The role of the reactive oxygen species-producing NADPH oxidase family enzymes in pathology influenza A virus infection remains enigmatic. Previous reports implicated 2 virus-induced inflammation. In contrast, 1 (Nox1) was reported to decrease inflammation mice within 7 days post-influenza infection. However, effect on lethality and adaptive immunity after challenge has not been explored. Here we report improved survival decreased morbidity with catalytically inactive (Nox1*/Y) compared...
We observed that a dim, red light-emitting diode (LED) triggered by activity increased the circadian periods of lab mice compared to constant darkness. It is known period rats increases when vigorous wheel-running triggers full-spectrum lighting; however, spectral sensitivity photoreceptors in suggests little or no response light. Thus, we decided test following hypotheses: dim light illumination (LEDfb) dark (DD); covering LED prevents effect on period; and DBA2/J have different LEDfb than...
Abstract Virus-specific CD4+ T cells optimize antiviral responses by providing help for humoral and CD8+ cell differentiation. Although to viral infections that undergo complete clearance have been studied extensively, less is known about virus-specific viruses persistently infect their hosts. Using a mouse polyomavirus (MPyV) infection model, we previously demonstrated are essential recruiting naive MPyV-specific in infected mice. In this study, defined two dominant populations, one...
Both veterinarians caring for dolphins in managed populations and researchers monitoring wild use blood-based diagnostics to monitor bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) health. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) can be used assess cytokine transcription patterns of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This supplement currently available tests with information on immune status. Full realization this potential requires establishment normal ranges gene levels dolphins. We surveyed four over the...
Although Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) is a significant cause of severe respiratory disease with high morbidity and mortality in pediatric elderly populations worldwide there no licensed vaccine. Bovine (BRSV) closely related orthopneumovirus similar genome structure homology between structural nonstructural proteins. Like HRSV children, BRSV highly prevalent dairy beef calves known to be involved the etiology bovine disease, addition being considered an excellent model for HRSV....
Abstract The requirement for Ag in maintaining memory CD8 T cells often differs between infections that are acutely resolved and those persist. Using the mouse polyoma virus (PyV) persistent infection model, we recently described a novel cell response directed to PyV peptide presented by Q9, an MHC class Ib molecule. This antiviral Q9-restricted is characterized 3-mo expansion phase followed long-term plateau phase. In this study, demonstrate viral required protracted inflation but...
We recently identified a protective MHC class Ib-restricted CD8 T cell response to infection with mouse polyomavirus. These cells recognize peptide from aa 139-147 of the VP2 viral capsid protein bound nonpolymorphic H-2Q9 molecule, member Qa-2 family β(2)m-associated Ib molecules. Q9:VP2.139-specific exhibit an unusual inflationary characterized by gradual expansion over 3 mo followed stable maintenance phase. previously demonstrated that are dependent on Ag for expansion, but not long-term...
Impairment of immune defenses can contribute to severe influenza infections. Rapamycin is an immunosuppressive drug often used prevent transplant rejection and currently undergoing clinical trials for treating cancers autoimmune diseases. We investigated whether rapamycin has deleterious effects during lethal viral treated mice with two concentrations infected them A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (A/PR8), followed by a heterosubtypic A/Hong Kong/1/68 (A/HK68) challenge. Our data show similar morbidity,...
Unlike the polymorphic MHC class Ia molecules, Ib molecules are oligomorphic or nonpolymorphic. We recently discovered a protective CD8 T cell response to mouse polyomavirus (MPyV) in H-2b haplotype mice that is restricted by H2-Q9, member of Qa-2 family. Here, we demonstrate immunization with peptide corresponding virus capsid-derived presented Q9 also elicits Ib-restricted MPyV-specific cells H-2s and H-2g7 strains. These findings support concept single can expand allogeneic hosts.
Superoxide radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in influenza A virus-induced inflammation. In this vitro study, we evaluated the effects of TG6-44, a novel quinazolin-derived myeloperoxidase-specific ROS inhibitor, on virus (A/X31) infection using THP-1 lung monocytic cells freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC). TG6-44 significantly decreased A/X31-induced inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IFN-γ, MCP-1, TNF-α, MIP-1β) human PBMC IL-8, MCP-1)....