Kirsten E. Lyke
A5061573904- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Complement system in diseases
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Microbial infections and disease research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2016-2025
Center for Global Development
2024
University of Mary
2003-2024
University of Maryland, College Park
2023
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
2023
University of Baltimore
2023
SUNY Upstate Medical University
2023
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2009-2015
Protein Potential (United States)
2015
Sanaria
2015
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and the resulting disease, disease 2019 (Covid-19), have spread to millions of persons worldwide. Multiple vaccine candidates are under development, but no is currently available. Interim safety immunogenicity data about candidate BNT162b1 in younger adults been reported previously from trials Germany United States.In an ongoing, placebo-controlled, observer-blinded, dose-escalation, phase 1 trial conducted States, we...
In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2)1, a pandemic. With rapidly accumulating numbers of cases and deaths reported globally2, vaccine urgently needed. Here we report available safety, tolerability immunogenicity data from an ongoing placebo-controlled, observer-blinded dose-escalation study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04368728) among 45 healthy adults (18–55...
Consistent, high-level, vaccine-induced protection against human malaria has only been achieved by inoculation of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites (SPZ) mosquito bites. We report that the PfSPZ Vaccine--composed attenuated, aseptic, purified, cryopreserved PfSPZ--was safe and well tolerated when administered four to six times intravenously (IV) 40 adults. Zero subjects receiving five doses three nine 1.35 × 10(5) Vaccine nonvaccinated controls developed after controlled infection (P =...
Although the three vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) that have received emergency use authorization in United States are highly effective, breakthrough infections occurring. Data needed on serial of homologous boosters (same as primary vaccine) and heterologous (different from fully vaccinated recipients.In this phase 1-2, open-label clinical trial conducted at 10 sites States, adults who had completed a Covid-19 vaccine regimen least 12 weeks earlier no reported history...
Our goal is to develop a vaccine that sustainably prevents Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria in ≥80% of recipients. Pf sporozoites (PfSPZ) administered by mosquito bites are the only immunogens shown induce such protection humans. Such thought be mediated CD8(+) T cells liver secrete interferon-γ (IFN-γ). We report purified irradiated PfSPZ 80 volunteers needle inoculation skin was safe, but suboptimally immunogenic and protective. Animal studies demonstrated intravenous immunization...
ABSTRACT Inflammatory cytokines play an important role in human immune responses to malarial disease. However, the of these mediators disease pathogenesis, and relationship between host protection injury remains unclear. A total 248 cases severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria among children aged 3 months 14 years residing Bandiagara, Mali, were matched uncomplicated healthy controls. Using modified World Health Organization criteria for defining malaria, we identified 100 cerebral (coma,...
Blood-stage malaria vaccines are intended to prevent clinical disease. The vaccine FMP2.1/AS02(A), a recombinant protein based on apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) from the 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum, has previously been shown have immunogenicity and acceptable safety in Malian adults children.In double-blind, randomized trial, we immunized 400 children with either or control (rabies) followed them for 6 months. primary end point was malaria, defined as fever at least 2500 parasites...
Malaria has been a major selective force on the human population, and several erythrocyte polymorphisms have evolved that confer resistance to severe malaria. Plasmodium falciparum rosetting, parasite virulence phenotype associated with malaria, is reduced in blood group O erythrocytes compared groups A, B, AB, but contribution of ABO system protection against malaria received little attention. We hypothesized may through mechanism rosetting. In matched case-control study 567 Malian...
The Zika virus epidemic and associated congenital infections have prompted rapid vaccine development. We assessed two new DNA vaccines expressing premembrane envelope structural proteins.We did phase 1, randomised, open-label trials involving healthy adult volunteers. VRC 319 trial, done in three centres, plasmid VRC5288 (Zika Japanese encephalitis chimera), the 320, one centre, VRC5283 (wild-type virus). Eligible participants were aged 18-35 years VRC19 18-50 320. Participants randomly...
Significance A highly effective malaria vaccine capable of long-term protection against genetically diverse strains is urgently needed. Here, we demonstrate that a three-dose regimen live attenuated whole-parasite conferred durable sterile through 33 weeks in ∼50% subjects controlled human infection strain heterologous to the strain. Prior studies by others and us have shown T cells are critical mediating after live-attenuated vaccination. provide evidence this Plasmodium falciparum...
The 2014 west African Zaire Ebola virus epidemic prompted worldwide partners to accelerate clinical development of replication-defective chimpanzee adenovirus 3 vector vaccine expressing glycoprotein (ChAd3-EBO-Z). We aimed investigate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity ChAd3-EBO-Z in Malian US adults, assess effect boosting Malians with modified vaccinia Ankara other filovirus antigens (MVA-BN-Filo).
The diversity of circulating human B cells is unknown. We use single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to examine the both antigen-specific and total in healthy subjects malaria-exposed individuals. This reveals two cell lineages: a classical lineage activated resting memory an alternative lineage, which includes previously described atypical cells. Although have been associated with disease states, common controls, as well further track Plasmodium-specific after malaria vaccination naive...
ABSTRACT Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and the resulting disease, disease 2019 (COVID-19), have spread to millions of people globally. Multiple vaccine candidates are under development, but no is currently available. Methods Healthy adults 18–55 65–85 years age were randomized in an ongoing, placebo-controlled, observer-blinded dose-escalation study receive doses at 21-day intervals placebo or either lipid nanoparticle–formulated,...
The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibits reduced susceptibility to vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies, requiring a boost generate protective immunity. We assess the magnitude and short-term durability antibodies after homologous heterologous boosting with mRNA Ad26.COV2.S vaccines. All prime-boost combinations substantially increase neutralization titers Omicron, although boosted decline rapidly within months from peak response...
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is raising concerns because its increased transmissibility and potential for reduced susceptibility to antibody neutralization. To assess the risk this existing vaccines, serum samples from mRNA-1273 vaccine recipients were tested neutralizing activity against compared neutralization titers D614G Beta in live virus pseudovirus assays. was 41-84-fold less sensitive than 5.3-7.4-fold when assayed with obtained 4 weeks after 2 standard inoculations 100 μg...
The Plasmodium falciparum variant erythrocyte surface antigens known as PfEMP1, encoded by the var gene family, are thought to play a crucial role in malaria pathogenesis because they mediate adhesion host cells and immuno-modulation. Var genes have been divided into three major groups (A, B C) two intermediate (B/A B/C) on basis of their genomic location upstream sequence. We analysed expressed sequence tags DBLalpha domain investigate transcription relation disease severity Malian...
The allelic and haplotypic diversity of the HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C loci was investigated in 852 subjects from five sub-Saharan populations Kenya (Nandi Luo), Mali (Dogon), Uganda, Zambia. Distributions genotypes at all fit Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations. There not a single allele predominant any these populations, with exception A*3002 [allele frequency (AF) = 0.233] Zambians Cw*1601 (AF 0.283) Malians. This distribution consistent balancing selection for class I which evidenced by...
The objective was to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of AMA-1-based blood-stage malaria vaccine FMP2.1/AS02A in adults exposed seasonal malaria.A phase 1 double blind randomized controlled dose escalation trial conducted Bandiagara, Mali, West Africa, a rural town with intense transmission Plasmodium falciparum malaria. is recombinant protein (FMP2.1) based on apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) from 3D7 clone P. falciparum, adjuvanted AS02A. comparator cell-culture...
Abstract In March 2020, the WHO declared a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), due to severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 1 With >8.8 million cases and >450,000 deaths reported globally, vaccine is urgently needed. We report available safety, tolerability, immunogenicity data from an ongoing placebo-controlled, observer-blinded dose escalation study among healthy adults, 18-55 years age, randomized receive doses, separated by 21 days, 10 μg, 30 or 100 μg...
While Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccines are highly effective, breakthrough infections occurring. Booster vaccinations have recently received emergency use authorization (EUA) for certain populations but restricted to homologous mRNA vaccines. We evaluated and heterologous booster vaccination in persons who had an EUA Covid-19 vaccine regimen. In this phase 1/2 open-label clinical trial conducted at ten U.S. sites, adults one of three least 12 weeks prior enrollment no reported...