A5032624215- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Protein purification and stability
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
The University of Queensland
2016-2025
Australian e-Health Research Centre
2014-2024
Vaxxas (Australia)
2021-2023
Translational Research Institute
2021
Science Club
2020
Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
2017
BOKU University
2003-2008
Polymun (Austria)
2003
The Royal Melbourne Hospital
1986
Complications arising from dengue virus infection include potentially fatal vascular leak, and severe disease has been linked with excessive immune cell activation. An understanding of the triggers this activation is critical for development appropriately targeted control strategies. We show here that secreted form nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). Highly purified NS1 devoid bacterial endotoxin activity directly activated mouse macrophages human...
Abstract The current COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We demonstrate that despite large size of viral RNA genome (~30 kb), infectious full-length cDNA readily assembled in vitro a circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER) methodology without need for technically demanding intermediate steps. Overlapping fragments are generated from and together with linker fragment containing CMV promoter into single reaction. Transfection...
Two antibodies against flaviviruses Flaviviruses are a group of RNA viruses that include the human pathogens dengue virus, Zika and West Nile virus. The envelope protein (E) on virus surface has been target vaccine development, but problems have arisen with E, leading to enhanced infection. Now, Modhiran et al. Biering describe two different bind flavivirus NS1 prevent it from disrupting epithelial cells, which is associated severe disease. Both cross-react multiple proteins. reduce viremia...
While advances in assay chemistry and detection continue to improve molecular diagnostics technology, blood samples are still collected using the 150-year-old needle/syringe method. Surface modified microprojection arrays have been developed as a novel platform for vivo, needle-free biomarker capture. These devices gold coated silicon with >20,000 projections per cm2, which can be applied skin tunable penetration into epidermis or dermis. The array conceptually offers several advantages over...
The flavivirus non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is a glycoprotein that secreted as soluble hexameric complex during the course of natural infection. Growing evidence indicates this form NS1 (sNS1) plays significant role in immune evasion and modulation Attempts to determine crystal structure have been unsuccessful date relatively little known about macromolecular organization sNS1 hexamer. Here, we applied single-particle analysis images baculovirus-derived recombinant dengue 2 virus obtained...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 160 million people and resulted in 3.3 deaths, despite the availability of multiple vaccines, world still faces many challenges with their rollout. Here, we use high-density microarray patch (HD-MAP) to deliver a SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit vaccine directly skin. We show that is thermostable on patches, delivery enhancing both cellular antibody immune responses. Elicited antibodies potently neutralize clinically...
Abstract Polio eradication is progressing rapidly and the live attenuated Sabin strains in oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) are being removed sequentially, starting with type 2 April 2016. For risk mitigation, countries introducing inactivated (IPV) into routine vaccination programs. After 2016, monovalent OPV will be available for outbreak control. Because current IPV not suitable house-to-house campaigns (the intramuscular injections require health professionals), we developed a high-density...
Granzyme A (GzmA) is secreted by cytotoxic lymphocytes and has traditionally been viewed as a mediator of cell death, although growing body data suggests its physiological role if promotion inflammation. Herein we show that GzmA significantly elevated in the serum chikungunya virus (CHIKV) patients levels correlated with viral load disease scores. CHIKV mouse models showed circulating largely derived from NK cells, no evidence for expression CD4 T cells. Infection mice deficient type I...
Dengue viruses (DENV) cause an estimated 390 million infections globally. With no dengue-specific therapeutic treatment currently available, vaccination is the most promising strategy for its control. A wide range of DENV vaccines are in development, with one having already been licensed, albeit limited distribution. We investigated immunogenicity and protective efficacy a chimeric virus vaccine candidate based on insect-specific flavivirus, Binjari (BinJV), displaying structural prM/E...
Dengue viruses (DENV 1-4) are emerging across the world, and these pose a risk to transfusion safety. Pathogen inactivation may be an alternative approach for managing of DENV transmission. This study aimed investigate ability riboflavin UV light inactivate 1-4 in platelet concentrates.DENV were spiked into buffy coat-derived concentrates additive solution (SSP+) before being treated with light. Infectious virus was quantified pre- posttreatment, reduction viral infectivity calculated.All...
To secure a polio-free world, the live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) will eventually need to be replaced with inactivated vaccines (IPV). However, current IPV delivery is less suitable for campaign use than OPV, and more expensive. We are progressing microarray patch platform, Nanopatch, as an easy-to-use device administer vaccines, including IPV. The Nanopatch contains ultra-high density array (10,000/cm2) of short (~230 μm) microprojections that delivers dry coated into skin....
Dengue virus is the most important arbovirus impacting global human health, with an estimated 390 million infections annually, and over half world's population at risk of infection. While significant efforts have been made to develop effective vaccines mitigate this threat, task has proven extremely challenging, new approaches continually being sought. The majority protective, neutralizing antibodies induced during infection are targeted by envelope (E) protein, making it ideal candidate for...
Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, multiple waves SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged. Of particular concern is omicron variant, which harbors 28 mutations in spike glycoprotein receptor binding and N-terminal domains relative to ancestral strain. The high mutability therefore poses significant hurdles for development universal assays that rely on spike-specific immune detection. To address this, more conserved viral antigens need be targeted. In this work, we comprehensively demonstrate use...
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spawned an ongoing demand for new research reagents and interventions. Herein we describe a panel of monoclonal antibodies raised against SARS-CoV-2. One antibody showed excellent utility immunohistochemistry, clearly staining infected cells in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded lungs brains mice with original omicron variants We demonstrate reactivity to multiple concern...
Microarray patches (MAPs) have the potential to be a safer, more acceptable, easier-to-use, and cost-effective means for administration of vaccines than injection by needle syringe. Here, we report findings from randomized, partially double-blinded, placebo-controlled Phase I trial using Vaxxas high-density MAP (HD-MAP) deliver measles rubella (MR) vaccine. Healthy adults (N = 63, age 18–50 years) were randomly assigned 1:1:1:1 four groups: uncoated (placebo) HD-MAPs, low-dose MR HD-MAPs...
New technologies are needed to translate biomarker discovery research into simple, inexpensive, and effective molecular diagnostic assays for use by clinicians or patients guide monitor treatment. Microprojection arrays were recently introduced as tools which, when applied the skin, penetrate dermal tissue, capture specific circulating biomarkers. In our initial work on arrays, carbodiimide chemistry was used immobilize biomarker-specific probes affinity in vivo using a mouse model. However,...
Herein we demonstrate the use of a wearable device that can selectively capture two distinct circulating protein biomarkers (recombinant P. falciparum rPfHRP2 and total IgG) from intradermal fluid live mice in situ, for subsequent detection vitro. The comprises microprojection array that, when applied to skin, penetrates outer skin layers interface directly with fluid. Because complexity biological being sampled, investigated effects solution conditions on attachment antibodies, optimize...
Micro-device use for vaccination has grown in the past decade, with promise of ease-of-use, painless application, stable solid formulations and greater immune response generation. However, designs highly immunogenic devices (e.g. gene gun, Nanopatch or laser adjuvantation) require significant energy to enter skin (30-90 mJ). Within this study, we explore a way more effectively penetration vaccination. These modifications change projections from cylindrical/conical shapes density 20,000 per...
Class III obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 40 kg m-2) significantly impairs the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. However, effect of an elevated BMI (≥ 25 on humoral immunity infection and COVID-19 vaccination remains unclear.We collected blood samples from people who recovered approximately 3 13 months post-infection (noting that these individuals were not exposed or vaccinated in interim). We also 5 post-second dose (the majority whom did have a prior infection). measured their...