A5037125851- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- interferon and immune responses
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Health, Medicine and Society
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Retinal Development and Disorders
University Hospital of Lausanne
1998-2025
Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal
2016-2025
Université de Montréal
2016-2025
University of Lausanne
2002-2025
Scripps Research Institute
2012-2024
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
2013-2024
Grand Canyon University
2024
Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé
2023
McGill Genome Centre
2023
Fonds de recherche du Québec
2023
Background. Spontaneous control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been documented in a minority HIV-infected individuals. The mechanisms behind this outcome remain largely unknown, and better understanding them will likely influence future vaccine strategies. Methods. HIV-specific T cell antibody responses as well host genetics were examined untreated HIVinfected patients who maintain comparatively low plasma HIV RNA levels (hereafter, controllers), including those with <...
ContextAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome–related opportunistic illnesses (OIs) continue to occur after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy in patients with human virus (HIV) infection. Risk factors for clinical progression OIs during are not well defined.ObjectiveTo examine the incidence and risk among treated a population-based study.DesignThe Swiss HIV Cohort Study, prospective cohort study adult HIV-infected persons.SettingSeven centers throughout Switzerland.PatientsA total 2410...
ABSTRACT The sequence diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) represents a major obstacle to the development an effective vaccine, yet forces impacting evolution this pathogen remain unclear. To address issue we assessed relationship between genome-wide viral and adaptive CD8 + T-cell responses in four clade B virus-infected patients studied longitudinally for as long 5 years after acute infection. Of 98 amino acid mutations identified nonenvelope antigens, 53% were...
Significantly higher levels of plasma CXCL13 [chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13] were associated with the generation broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV in a large longitudinal cohort HIV-infected individuals. Germinal centers (GCs) perform remarkable task optimizing B-cell Ab responses. GCs are required for almost all receptor affinity maturation and will be critical parameter to monitor if bnAbs induced by vaccination. However, lymphoid tissue is rarely available from...
The identification and study of antigen-specific CD4 T cells, both in peripheral blood tissues, is key for a broad range immunological research, including vaccine responses infectious diseases. Detection these cells hampered by their rarity heterogeneity, particular with regards to cytokine secretion profiles. These factors prevent the total pool classical methods. We have developed assays highly sensitive detection such measuring upregulation surface activation induced markers (AIM). Here,...
Anti-HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) antibodies without broadly neutralizing activity correlated with protection in the RV144 clinical trial, stimulating interest other protective mechanisms involving antibodies, such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Env epitopes targeted by many effective at mediating ADCC are poorly exposed on unliganded trimer. Here we investigated mechanism of exposure and showed that binding CD4 within same HIV-1-infected cell effectively...
In the absence of effective vaccines and with limited therapeutic options, convalescent plasma is being collected across globe for potential transfusion to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The therapy has been deemed safe, several clinical trials assessing its efficacy are ongoing. While it remains be formally proven, presence neutralizing antibodies thought play a positive role in this treatment. Indeed, titers ≥1:160 have recommended some inclusion. Here, we performed repeated...
The phenotypic characterization of the cells in which HIV persists during antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains technically challenging. We developed a simple flow cytometry-based assay to quantify and characterize infected producing proteins untreated treated infection. By combining two antibodies targeting capsid standard intracellular staining protocol, we demonstrate that p24-producing can be detected with high specificity sensitivity blood from people living HIV. In individuals,...
Recent studies have linked antibody Fc-mediated effector functions with protection or control of human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) and simian (SIV) infections. Interestingly, the presence antibodies potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity in Thai RV144 vaccine trial was suggested to correlate decreased HIV-1 acquisition risk. These recently were found recognize HIV envelope (Env) epitopes exposed upon Env-CD4 interaction. CD4 downregulation by Nef Vpu, as well...
With the recent approval of highly effective coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, functional and lasting immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently under investigation as antibody levels in plasma were shown decline during convalescence. Since absence antibodies does not equate immune memory, we evaluate presence SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells convalescent individuals. Here, report a longitudinal assessment humoral responses on 32 donors up 8...
Spontaneous transcription and translation of HIV can persist during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The quantity, phenotype, biological relevance this spontaneously "active" reservoir remain unclear. Using multiplexed single-cell RNAflow-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we detect active 14/18 people with on ART, a median 28/million CD4+ T cells. While these cells predominantly exhibit abortive transcription, p24-expressing are evident 39% participants. Phenotypically...
Virus-specific CD8+ T cells are associated with declining viremia in acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)1 infection, but do not correlate control of chronic suggesting a progressive functional defect measured by interferon γ assays presently used. Here, we demonstrate that HIV-1–specific proliferate rapidly upon encounter cognate antigen lose this capacity ongoing viral replication. This can be induced vitro depletion CD4+ or addition interleukin 2–neutralizing antibodies, and corrected...