A5012433995- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae
- Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Diverse Scientific Research Studies
- Phytochemical compounds biological activities
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
- Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
- Phenothiazines and Benzothiazines Synthesis and Activities
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2016-2025
Technical University of Mombasa
2020
Kenya Medical Training College
2019
Bridge University
2019
Kenyatta University
2019
The current study sought to re-evaluate malaria prevalence, susceptibility artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), transmission patterns and the presence of vectors in Kikuyu area Kenyan Central highlands, a non-traditional/low risk zone where there have been anecdotal reports emerging infections. Sampling adult mosquitoes was done indoors, while larvae were sampled outdoors June 2019. clinical an open label non-randomized trial efficacy one ACT drug, evaluated two health facilities....
This study evaluated Ocimum gratissimum and Rhoicissus tridentata for their In vitro antimalarial activity safety. The plant samples collected from Keiyo South in Kenya were processed compounds extracted using inorganic organic solvents. Phytochemical screening, antiplasmodial bioassays, cytotoxicity tests, statistical analyses conducted to validate compare the efficacies of two used traditionally treatment malaria Kenya. O. extracts showed strong inhibition low toxicity, with methanol as...
Malaria is a global health crisis. Drug resistance underscores the urgency of developing new antimalarial treatments. Currently, medicinal plants are being explored for potential solutions, offering hope in fight against deadly disease. This study examines Ocimum gratissimum and Rhoicissus tridentate through comprehensive analyses their phytochemical, nutritional, mineral profiles, aiming to assess malaria treatment. The O. R. aqueous methanol solvents extracts yields were quantified...
Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine (CQ) denied healthcare providers access a cheap and effective anti-malarial drug. Resistance has been proven be due point mutations on the parasite's pfcrt gene, particularly codon 76, resulting in an amino acid change from lysine threonine. This study sought determine prevalence of K76T mutation 13 years after CQ cessation Msambweni, Kenya.Finger-prick whole blood was collected 3MM Whatman(®) filter paper 99 malaria patients. Parasite DNA...
Abstract Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich proteins 2 (PfHRP2) based RDTs are advocated in malaria-endemic regions, particularly when quality microscopy is not available. However, diversity and any deletion the pfhrp2 pfhrp3 genes can affect performance of PfHRP2-based RDTs. A total 400 samples collected from uncomplicated malaria cases Kenya were investigated for amino acid repeat profiles exon genes. In addition, PfHRP2 levels measured 96 individuals with malaria. We observed a unique...
Malaria is one of the most dangerous and deadly tropical disease in Africa affecting millions individuals yearly. It a major global public health problem, with an alarming spread parasite resistance to ACTs drugs. This situation explain urge discover new antimalarial compounds. Indigenous species traditionally used for years by traditional healers, Artemisia afra big source Aerial parts plant collected from South Africa, Kenya, Tanzania, Burundi Senegal were each extracted solvents different...
A new triterpenoid, 3-oxo-12β-hydroxy-oleanan-28,13β-olide (1), and six known triterpenoids 2-7 were isolated from the root bark of Ekebergia capensis, an African medicinal plant. limonoid 8 two glycoflavonoids 9-10 found in its leaves. The metabolites identified by NMR MS analyses, their cytotoxicity was evaluated against mammalian monkey kidney (vero), mouse breast cancer (4T1), human larynx carcinoma (HEp2) (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Out isolates, oleanonic acid (2) showed highest...
Malaria is caused by five Plasmodium species and transmitted anopheline mosquitoes. It occurs in single mixed infections. Mixed infection easily leads to misdiagnosis. Accurate detection of malaria vital. Therefore, the study was conducted determine level misdiagnosis area using SYBR Green I-based real time PCR. The seven health centres from North Gondar, north-west Ethiopia. data all febrile patients, who attended outpatient department for diagnosis, October December 2013, recorded. Dried...
Turraea robusta and nilotica are African medicinal plants used for the treatment of a wide variety diseases, including malaria. The genus is rich in limonoids other triterpenoids known to possess various biological activities. From stem bark T. six compounds, from parts eleven compounds were isolated by use combination chromatographic techniques. structures elucidated using NMR MS, whilst relative configuration one toonapubesin F, was established X-ray crystallography. antiplasmodial...
Anti-malarial drugs are the major focus in prevention and treatment of malaria. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is WHO recommended first-line for Plasmodium falciparum malaria across endemic world. Also ACT increasingly relied upon treating vivax where chloroquine failing. The emergence artemisinin drug-resistant parasites a serious threat faced by global control programmes. Therefore, success intervention strategies highly pegged on understanding genetic basis resistance. Here,...
Plasmodium parasite resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) calls for development of new, affordable, safe, and effective antimalarial drugs. Studies conducted previously on soybean extracts have established that they possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, antioxidant properties. The activity such on.The aim this study was determine the antiplasmodial using falciparum cultures, followed by an in vivo evaluation safety berghei ANKA strain-infected...
Humoral immune responses play a pivotal role in naturally acquired immunity to malaria. Understanding which humoral are impaired among individuals at higher risk for malaria may improve our understanding of control and contribute vaccine development.We compared with 483 Plasmodium falciparum antigens between adults in, Kisumu (high, year-long transmission leading partial immunity), Kisii (low, seasonal transmission). Then within each site, we malaria-specific those (CD4(+) ≤500) lower >500)....
Retroviral protease inhibitors (RPIs) such as lopinavir (LP) and saquinavir (SQ) are active against Plasmodium parasites. However, the exact molecular target(s) for these RPIs in parasites remains poorly understood. We hypothesised that LP SQ suppress parasite growth through inhibition of aspartyl proteases. Using reverse genetics approach, we embarked on separately generating knockout (KO) lines lacking Plasmepsin 4 (PM4), PM7, PM8, or DNA damage-inducible protein 1 (Ddi1) rodent malaria...
Abstract Background The efficacy and safety of artemether–lumefantrine (AL) dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine (DP) against asexual parasites population has been documented. However, the effect these anti-malarials on sexual is still less clear. Gametocyte clearance following treatment essential for malaria control elimination efforts; therefore, study sought to determine trends in gametocyte after AL or DP children from a malaria-endemic site Kenya. Methods Children aged between 0.5 12 years...
The evolution of drug-resistant parasites is a major hindrance to malaria control, and thus understanding the behaviour mutants clinical relevance. study aimed investigate how resistance against lumefantrine (LU) piperaquine (PQ), anti-malarials used as partner drugs in artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), impacts parasite fitness. This important since ACT, first-line anti-malarial regimen increasingly being reported.The stability Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain that was previously...
Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito borne disease which leads to abnormal painful enlarged body parts, severe disability and social stigma. We screened Wuchereria bancrofti in Matayos constituency Busia County. Blood samples were collected from 23 villages selected purposively based on clinical case reports. Finger prick and/or venous blood sampling collections was carried out. Antigenaemia filarial DNA prevalence determined. Infection rates pools estimated SPSS version 26 used for...
Kenya has, in the last decade, made tremendous progress fight against malaria. Nevertheless, continued surveillance of genetic diversity and population structure Plasmodium falciparum is required to refine malaria control adapt improve elimination strategies. Twelve neutral microsatellite loci were genotyped 201 P. isolates obtained from Kenyan-Ugandan border (Busia) two inland malaria-endemic sites situated western (Nyando) coastal (Msambweni) Kenya. Analyses done assess (allelic richness...
The use of saliva in diagnosis infectious diseases is an attractive alternative to procedures that involve blood drawing. It promises reduce risks associated with accidental needle pricks and improve patient compliance particularly malaria survey drug efficacy studies. Quantification parasitaemia useful establishing severity disease assessing individual response treatment. In current practice, microscopy the recommended technique, despite its limitations. This study measured levels...
Abstract Background Prevention and treatment of malaria during pregnancy is crucial in dealing with maternal mortality adverse fetal outcomes. The World Health Organization recommendation to treat all pregnant women sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) through antenatal care structures was implemented Kenya the year 1998, but concerns about its effectiveness preventing has arisen due spread SP resistant parasites. This study aimed determine prevalence resistance markers Plasmodium falciparum...
Resistance to anti-malarial drugs is a widespread problem for control programmes this devastating disease. Molecular tests are available many and useful tools the surveillance of drug resistance. However, correlation treatment outcome molecular with particular parasite markers not perfect, due in part individuals who able clear genotypically drug-resistant parasites. This study aimed identify human genome that correlate clearance malaria parasites after treatment, despite resistance profile...
Introduction: malaria remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing tropical subtropical nations. Due to emergence spread drug resistance currently available drugs, there is a need for search novel, safe, reasonably affordable anti-malarial medications. The objective this study was assess vivo effectiveness Avicennia marina stem bark extracts mice model.