A5052763786- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Light effects on plants
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- RNA modifications and cancer
Indiana University Bloomington
2013-2023
Indiana University
2008-2021
University of Wisconsin–Madison
1994-2010
Winter-annual ecotypes of Arabidopsis are relatively late flowering, unless the flowering these is promoted by exposure to cold (vernalization). This vernalization-suppressible, late-flowering phenotype results from presence dominant, alleles at two loci, FRIGIDA (FRI) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). In this study, we report that flc null mutations result in early demonstrating role active FLC repress flowering. was isolated positional cloning found encode a novel MADS domain protein. The...
Vernalization, the acceleration of flowering by a long period cold temperature, ensures that many plants overwinter vegetatively and flower in spring. In Arabidopsis, allelic variation at FRIGIDA (FRI) locus is major determinant natural time. Dominant alleles FRI confer late flowering, which reversed to earliness vernalization. We cloned analyzed molecular basis variation. Most early-flowering ecotypes carry containing one two different deletions disrupt open reading frame. Loss-of-function...
The MADS domain–containing transcription factor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) acts as an inhibitor of flowering and is a convergence point for several pathways that regulate time in Arabidopsis. In naturally occurring late-flowering ecotypes, the FRIGIDA (FRI) gene to increase FLC levels, whereas autonomous floral promotion pathway vernalization act reduce expression. Previous work has shown Landsberg erecta allele FLC, which not null allele, able partially suppress phenotype mutations pathway....
The Arabidopsis autonomous floral-promotion pathway promotes flowering independently of the photoperiod and vernalization pathways by repressing FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ), a MADS-boxtranscription factor that blocks transition from vegetative to reproductive development. Here, we report D FLD one sixgenes in pathway, encodes plant homolog protein found histone deacetylase complexes mammals. Lesions result hyperacetylation histones chromatin, up-regulation expression, extremely delayed...
The initiation of flowering is a critical life-history trait; plants have presumably evolved to flower at time year that ensures maximal reproductive success in given region. Decades physiological studies revealed initiated response both environmental cues and
Transposable elements (TEs) and DNA repeats are commonly targeted by histone methylation to achieve epigenetic gene silencing. We isolated mutations in two Arabidopsis genes, AtMORC1 AtMORC6, which cause derepression of DNA-methylated genes TEs but no losses or methylation. AtMORC6 members the conserved Microrchidia (MORC) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) family, predicted catalyze alterations chromosome superstructure. The atmorc1 atmorc6 mutants show decondensation pericentromeric...
Plant species have evolved a wide variety of flowering habits, each adapted to maximize reproductive success in their local environment. Even within species, accessions from different environments can exhibit markedly behavior. In Arabidopsis , some are rapid-cycling summer annuals, whereas others late and vernalization responsive thus behave as winter annuals. Two genes, FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ) FRIGIDA FRI ), interact synergistically confer the winter-annual habit. Previous work has shown...
Summary MADS‐domain‐containing transcription factors comprise a large family of regulators that have diverse roles in plant development, including the regulation flowering time. AGAMOUS‐LIKE 20/SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION CONSTANS1 (SOC1) and FRUITFUL act to promote flowering, whereas FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) , M/MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING1 SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE are inhibitors flowering. Here we report 24 (AGL24) also plays role agl24 mutants late overexpression AGL24 causes early wild‐type...
Photoperiod is the primary environmental factor affecting flowering time in rapid-cycling accessions of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Winter-annual Arabidopsis, contrast, have both a photoperiod and vernalization requirement for rapid flowering. In winter annuals, high levels floral inhibitor FLC (FLOWERING LOCUS C) suppress prior to vernalization. acts delay flowering, part, by suppressing expression promoter SOC1 (SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION CONSTANS1). Vernalization leads permanent...
Plants have evolved the ability to regulate flowering in response environmental signals such as temperature and photoperiod. The physiology genetics of floral induction been studied extensively, but molecular mechanisms that underlie this process are poorly understood. To study process, we isolated a gene, LUMINIDEPENDENS (LD), is involved timing Arabidopsis. Mutations gene render Arabidopsis late appear affect light perception. late-flowering phenotype ld mutation was partially suppressed...
Summary The timing of flowering is important for the reproductive success plants. Here we describe identification and characterization a new MADS‐box gene, FLOWERING LOCUS M ( FLM ), which involved in transition from vegetative to development. similar amino‐acid sequence FLC , another gene flowering‐time control. flm mutants are early both inductive non‐inductive photoperiods, time sensitive dosage. overexpression produces late‐flowering Thus acts as an inhibitor flowering. expressed areas...
ABSTRACT The promotion of flowering in response to a prolonged exposure cold temperatures (i.e. winter) is useful adaptation for plant species that flower the spring. This known as vernalization and results permanent memory exposure. While physiology has been extensively studied many species, molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Recent studies, however, have revealed some events create requirement vernalization. In Arabidopsis, naturally occurring late‐flowering ecotypes plants...
Summary The late‐flowering phenotype of mutations in the LUMINIDEPENDENS (LD) gene and late flowering caused by naturally occurring dominant FRIGIDA (FRI) are suppressed Landsberg erecta (L er ) strain Arabidopsis thaliana . This suppression is dependent on a locus chromosome 5 designated FLC Of ecotypes tested, only L contains suppressor allele FLC; ld FRI cause other genetic backgrounds. at also has moderate effect time absence or mutations. effects dosage dependent.
Abstract Winter-annual accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana are often characterized by a requirement for exposure to the cold winter initiate flowering in spring. The block prior is due high levels repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). Exposure promotes through process known as vernalization that epigenetically represses FLC expression. Rapid-cycling typically have low expression and therefore do not require vernalization. A screen mutants which winter-annual converted rapid-cycling type has...
In temperate climates, the prolonged cold temperature of winter serves as a seasonal landmark for winter-annual and biennial plants. these plants, flowering is blocked before winter. Arabidopsis thaliana , natural variation in FRIGIDA ( FRI ) gene major determinate rapid-cycling vs. habits. accessions Arabidopsis, activity blocks through up-regulation floral inhibitor FLOWERING LOCUS C FLC ). Most rapid-flowering accessions, contrast, contain null alleles . By performing mutant screen...
Histone variants have been proposed to act as determinants for posttranslational modifications with widespread regulatory functions. We identify a histone-modifying enzyme that selectively methylates the replication-dependent histone H3 variant H3.1. The crystal structure of SET domain lysine-27 (H3K27) methyltransferase ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-RELATED PROTEIN 5 (ATXR5) in complex H3.1 peptide shows ATXR5 contains bipartite catalytic specifically "reads" alanine-31 Variation at position 31...
An evolutionary response to selection requires genetic variation; however, even if it exists, then the details of variation can constrain adaptation. In simplest case, unlinked loci and uncorrelated phenotypes respond directly multivariate permit unrestricted paths adaptive peaks. By contrast, 'antagonistic' pleiotropic may adaptation by affecting many traits limiting direction trait correlations vectors that are not favoured selection. However, certain configurations improve conditions for...
Summary Numerous techniques in plant molecular genetic analysis, such as mapping and positional cloning techniques, rely on the availability of markers that can differentiate between alleles at a particular locus. PCR‐based cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) have been widely used means rapidly reliably detecting single‐base change creates unique restriction site one pair alleles. However, majority single‐nucleotide changes do not create sites thus cannot be to CAPS markers. In...
Summary We have analysed the circadian rhythm of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf movements in accession Cvi from Cape Verde Islands, and commonly used laboratory strains Columbia (Col) Landsberg ( erecta ) (L er ), which originated Northern Europe. The parental lines similar rhythmic periods, but progeny crosses among them reveal extensive variation for this trait. An analysis 48 L /Cvi recombinant inbred (RILs) a further 30 /Col RILs allowed us to locate four putative quantitative trait loci...
Abstract Flowering traits in winter annual Arabidopsis thaliana are conferred mainly by two genes, FRIGIDA (FRI) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). FLC acts as a flowering repressor is regulated multiple pathways. We isolated an early-flowering mutant, suppressor of FRIGIDA3 (suf3), which also shows leaf serration, weak apical dominance, infrequent conversion the inflorescence shoot to terminal flower. The suf3 mutation caused decrease transcript level both FRI-containing line autonomous pathway...
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) mediate the transport of RNA and other cargo between nucleus cytoplasm. In vertebrates, NPC protein TRANSLOCATED PROMOTER REGION (TPR) is associated with inner filaments nuclear basket thought to serve as a scaffold for assembly machinery. screen mutants that suppress expression floral inhibitor FLOWERING LOCUS C, we identified lesions in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) homolog TPR (AtTPR). attpr exhibit early-flowering pleiotropic phenotypes. A possible...