Although testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risks of heart disease, the benefits therapy are controversial. Moreover, current understanding on cardiac effect during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) periods unclear. We tested hypothesis that replacement attenuates impairment left ventricular (LV) function and rate variability (HRV), reduces infarct size arrhythmias caused by I/R injury in orchiectomized (ORX) rats.ORX or sham-operated male Wistar rats (n = 24) were randomly...

Abstract Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy was shown to improve peripheral insulin sensitivity. However, the effects of chronic VNS on brain sensitivity, dendritic spine density, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and cognition in obese-insulin resistant subjects have never been investigated. Male Wistar rats (n = 24) were fed with either a normal diet 8) or HFD 16) for 12 weeks. At week 13, HFD-fed divided into 2 groups 8/group). Each group received sham an additional end treatment,...

Abstract Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) consumption leads to not only obese-insulin resistance, but also impaired left ventricular (LV) function. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been shown exert cardioprotection. However, its effects on the heart and metabolic parameters under resistant condition is known. We determined of VNS parameters, rate variability (HRV) LV function in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with HFD for 12 weeks randomly divided into sham groups. was applied next weeks....

What is the central question of this study? Although cardioprotective effects dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have been demonstrated, their cardiac in chronic myocardial infarction (MI) are unclear. We determined a DPP-4 inhibitor on function and remodelling rats with MI. main finding its importance? for first time, that inhibitor, but not metformin, exerted similar efficacy improving attenuating fibrosis compared enalapril These findings reveal benefits additional to glycaemic...

β-Cryptoxanthin and astaxanthin are antioxidant carotenoid pigments that inhibit lipid peroxidation as potently vitamin E. We hypothesized acute treatment with β-cryptoxanthin causes similar reductions in the sizes of cardiac infarcts caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury attenuating oxidative stress mitochondrial dysfunction.C57BL/6 mice (n = 36) were randomized to receive vehicle, β-cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin, or E at 50 mg/kg gavage feeding prior I/R injury. Cardiac was induced left...

Low testosterone level is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases. As obese-insulin-resistant condition could impair cardiac function and that the incidence obesity in aging men, a deprivation aggravate dysfunction subjects. However, mechanism underlying this adverse effect unclear. This study investigated effects on metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), left ventricular (LV) function, mitochondrial testosterone-deprived rats. Orchiectomized or sham-operated...

Cardiac function was markedly compromised in obese insulin-resistant and estrogen-deprived rats. Metformin dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (vildagliptin) were reported to improve cardiac Their effects on the heart under conditions are, however, unknown. Therefore, of metformin, vildagliptin, estrogen female rats investigated.Bilateral ovariectomized (n = 48) divided be fed with either a normal diet (ND) or high-fat (HFD) for 12 weeks. Then, both ND- HFD-fed groups subdivided receive...

Prediabetes can be characterized as obesity with metabolic disturbance, leading to cognitive decline and brain pathologies. D-allulose administration in obese animals decreased disturbance. However, the comparative effects of metformin on cognition functions diet-induced prediabetic condition are unclear. We assume that both equally restore rats an equal extent.Fifty-six were randomly divided into two groups: a control group which had received normal diet (ND) high-fat (HFD) for 24 weeks,...

Propose: To investigate the temporal relationship between plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 levels, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction and cardiac resistance in long-term high-fat diet-induced obese rats.In total, 36 male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal diet or for 12 weeks. Blood was collected from tail tip, used to determine profiles levels. Rats sacrificed at weeks 4, 8 12, hearts rapidly removed determination of signalling pathways.Body weight levels increased after 4...

Obesity and testosterone deprivation are associated with coronary artery disease. Testosterone vildagliptin (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors) exert cardioprotection during ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the effect of these drugs on I/R heart in a testosterone-deprived, obese, insulin-resistant model is unclear. This study investigated effects cardiac function, arrhythmias infarct size testosterone-deprived rats obese insulin resistance. Orchiectomized (O) or sham operated (S)...

Abstract Objective Our study aims to test the hypothesis that poorer function of cardiac mitochondria in males, under sex hormone-deprived and obese-insulin-resistant conditions, is responsible for a worse cardiometabolic than females. Methods One hundred forty-four rats were subjected receive either 12 weeks normal diet (ND) or high-fat (HFD) consumption following induction hormone deprivation. Temporal evaluations metabolic parameters, autonomic modulation, left ventricular (LV)...

Abstract Estrogen deprivation aggravates cardiac injury after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Although either estrogen or the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, vildagliptin, reduces damage following I/R, their effects on heart in obese-insulin resistant deprived conditions remain unknown. Ovariectomized (O) rats (n = 36) were divided to receive normal diet (NDO) high-fat (HFO) for 12 weeks, followed by treatment with a vehicle, vildagliptin 4 weeks. The setting of...

It is unclear whether the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor can counteract brain insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive decline in testosterone-deprived obese rats. We hypothesized that DPP4 vildagliptin improves function rats by restoring sensitivity, plasticity. Thirty male Wistar received either a sham-operated (S, n =6) or bilateral orchiectomy (ORX, =24). ORX were divided into two groups fed with normal diet (ND...

Obesity can induce cardiovascular diseases in both humans and animals. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an indicator of sympathovagal balance used to identify humans. However, HRV cardiac function have rarely been investigated obese dogs. This study the effect obesity on oxidative stress, HRV, non-obese The nine-scale body condition score (BCS) system was determine obesity. Thirty small breed dogs were divided into a normal weight group (n = 15) 15). All underwent physical examination, plasma...

Mitral valve disease is a common heart in dogs. The aim of this study was to describe the cases dogs who underwent mitral repair using v-clamp device and provide their long-term follow-up data on cardiac function after repair. Four with regurgitation experienced coughing dyspnea surgical between December 2023 June 2024. patients were evaluated by transthoracic transesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiography revealed leaflet regurgitation. performed under general anesthesia introduced...

Mitral valve disease is a common heart in dogs. The aim of this study was to describe the cases dogs who underwent mitral repair using v-clamp device and provide their long-term follow-up data on cardiac function after repair. Four with regurgitation experienced coughing dyspnea surgical between December 2023 June 2024. patients were evaluated by transthoracic transesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiography revealed leaflet regurgitation. performed under general anesthesia introduced...

Mitral valve disease is a common heart in dogs. The aim of this study was to describe the cases dogs that underwent mitral repair via V-clamp device and provide long-term follow-up data on cardiac function after repair. Four with regurgitation who experienced coughing dyspnea surgical between December 2023 March 2024. patients were evaluated transthoracic transesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiography revealed leaflet regurgitation. performed under general anesthesia using introduced...

Abstract Myxomatous mitral valve disease ( MMVD ) is the most common acquired cardiac disorder found in dogs. The process can lead to heart failure HF and has been be associated with oxidative stress inflammation. Statins exert antioxidant anti‐inflammatory effects human patients. However, beneficial of statins dogs are still unclear. Thirty were enrolled study divided into two groups: without n = 15) 15). Atorvastatin (8 mg kg −1 day was administered orally all for 4 weeks. All underwent...

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common heart in small-breed dogs, often leading to failure. Oxidative stress MMVD can harm mitochondria, decreasing their DNA content. This study assesses dogs' oxidative and mitochondrial at different stages. Fifty-five dogs were categorized into four groups, including: A-healthy (n = 15); B-subclinical C-heart failure D-end-stage 10). Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) peripheral blood analyzed. Quantitative real-time PCR measured DNA, data...

Cardiac wall stress and high oxidative are often found in cases of myxomatous mitral valve degenerative (MMVD) disease can lead to myocardial injuries cardiac dysfunction. Melatonin, an antioxidant, has been shown exert cardioprotection laboratory animal models. However, its effect on metabolic parameters left ventricular (LV) adaptation MMVD dogs rarely investigated. This clinical trial hypothesized that a melatonin supplement for 4 weeks would improve parameters, LV structure (diameters...