Fungi are a typical part of the microbiome poultry houses, but some genera can be pathogenic for and humans. An investigation was conducted on 200 duck eggs from 10 flocks to determine total fungal contamination eggshells. The colony types were identified morphologically microscopically, representative group using PCR. resistance profiles all obtained Aspergillus isolates conducted. dominating eggshells Penicillium, Alternaria number colonies ranged 0 7100. fumigatus cultured 9.5% eggshells,...

Early detection of cancer development is crucial for successful therapy and monitoring patient outcome. Various immunodiagnostic methods are able to detect pathological changes in the human body ahead symptomatic manifestation disease. Most immunological examinations based on specific tumor markers fluids. Of various cancer-specific proteins used breast diagnostics, one most commonly applied antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3). An elevation its serum level (>25-40 U/ml) usually correlates with...

This study was undertaken to explore the issue of yeast species prevalence in colonizing gastrointestinal tract healthy turkeys. The samples were collected from beak cavity, crop, and cloaca 5-wk-old turkeys, cultured classified using morphological, biochemical, genetic analysis based on ITS1-5.8rRNA-ITS2 fragment sequencing. Out all samples, 12.4% positive. highest number strains, 50% total collected, isolated with 30.8% coming cavity 19.2% cloaca. most frequently belonged Candida (88.5%),...

Abstract Neutrophils are a type of granulocyte important in the “first line defense” innate immune system. Upon activation, they facilitate destruction invading microorganisms by production superoxide radicals, as well release enzymatic contents their lysozymes. These enzymes include specific serine proteases: cathepsin G, neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, recently discovered protease 4 (NSP4). Under normal conditions, proteolytic activity proteases is tightly regulated endogenous serpins;...

Whereas interspecies variation in pharmacokinetics is a commonly investigated issue, variations drug kinetics within species are less documented. The aim of the study was to assess influence age-related changes haemodynamics on metronidazole (MTZ) and its hydroxy metabolite (MTZ-OH) turkeys. MTZ administered intravenously orally at dose 25 mg/kg. Plasma concentrations were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography, pharmacokinetic parameters calculated noncompartmental analysis....

Severe disease outbreaks of erysipelas in poultry flocks are caused by infection with the bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. This occurs a wide range poultry, including turkey, broiler chicken, hen, goose, and pheasant flocks. Erysipelas usually follows an acute course birds, form sepsis. Infections E. rhusiopathiae occur through damaged skin or mucous membranes. The symptoms that just before death include unsteady locomotion lack coordinated movement. A chronic bacterial primarily...

Abstract Purpose Heterakidosis is a common parasitic infection caused in domestic birds by Heterakis species: gallinarum , H. isolonche and dispar . Among them, the best described species noted mainly gallinaceous birds. In waterfowl, predominant species. The variations morphology host specificity qualify as different species, but phylogenetic relationships between heterakids were unclear for long time, because of lack sequences. Methods authors provided molecular data analyzed obtained...

Abstract Esophageal elongation is one of the methods long gap esophageal atresia treatment. The aim study was to determine best type traction suture for lengthening on an animal model. White Pekin Duck’s esophagi were used as a model (fresh-frozen and thawed). esophagus cut in half, then both ends sutured together extended tensiometer. Tested sutures involved simple suture, aided by single or double clip, pledget (10 samples each). Constant 2 intermittent also compared. histological showed...

The poultry industry is under pressure to produce safe and good quality meat in the welfare conditions. Many areas such as genetics, biosecurity, immunoprophylaxis were improved, hatchery one of which could be improved for better production output. aim study was investigate effect early post-hatch nutrition providing body weight muscle development broiler chickens. experiment involving two groups (chicken hatched with access water feed hatcher, chicken without hatcher) replicated three...

Background: The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is considered an important serum marker for prostate cancer detection, monitoring and staging. purpose of this study was to generate IgY class antibodies that recognize native PSA selected epitopes. Methodology: Hens immunized with either full-length human or its peptidyl fragment-conjugates produced specific were isolated from egg yolks. We developed a monoclonal/IgY sandwich ELISA detection limit 50 pg/ml linear range 0.05–1.0 ng/ml....

The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance E. rhusiopathiae when isolated from clinical outbreaks erysipelas in geese antimicrobials commonly used poultry production. All isolates were susceptible amoxicillin alone or with clavulanic acid, MIC values ranging 0.016 0.125 μg/mL. Ninety-six percent fully sensitive penicillin G (MIC 0.125–0.5 μg/mL). moderately erythromycin Most proved resistant fluoroquinolones (76.6% enrofloxacin, 0.064 32 μg/mL, and 68% norfloxacin,...

Under commercial conditions, chicks hatch within a 24 to 48 h window, period known as the hatching window. Subsequently, they undergo various treatments before finally being transported broiler farm. These procedures may delay chicks' access food and water, sometimes receiving them late 72 after hatching. Previous studies have indicated that fasting during this initial is detrimental, leading impaired body growth, compromised immune system response, hindered muscle development. The objective...

Lasalocid sodium is a polyether carboxylic ionophore agent authorized by the EU for use as coccidiostat in broilers, turkeys, and pullets up to 16 weeks of age, except laying hens. However, hens are most common nontarget species exposed lasalocid sodium, mainly due cross-contamination from feed mills. This exposure may result potential drug residue deposition eggs, which could potentially expose consumers drug. The breeds commonly used commercial egg production Poland Isa Brown Green-legged...

1. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and sodium salicylate (SS) are considered safe for poultry often used in avian medicine. However, information on tolerance specific side effects of these drugs birds is lacking. 2. The aim this study was to determine the 14 d administration high doses (200 or 400 mg/kg) either ASA SS body weight gain, blood biochemistry, white red cell counts pathology broilers. In addition, minimal plasma concentrations were determined 1st, 5th, 10th 14th treatment. 3. results...

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae causes erysipelas in many vertebrate species. Severe disease outbreaks have been noted poultry species—chickens, ducks, emus, pheasants, pigeons, and geese. This article describes the biochemical genetic analyses of six E. strains isolated from geese for meat production. The isolates came birds kept different houses on one farm, were collected during two outbreaks. We analyzed compared by random amplified polymorphic DNA with use NK6 primer pulsed-field gel...

Hemorrhagic nephritis enteritis of geese (HNEG) is an epizootic viral disease caused by infection with goose hemorrhagic polyomavirus (GHPV) that affects domestic geese. This study describes the analysis, laboratory diagnosis, and molecular characterization GHPV isolates associated HNEG cases in Poland. symptoms persisted infected flocks for 2 wk a 32% mortality rate. Primary gross lesions included hemorrhaging kidneys, intestines, lungs. Histopathologic examination confirmed identified...

ABSTRACT The IgY antibodies offer an attractive alternative to mammalian IgGs in research, diagnosis and medicine. isolation of immunoglobulin Y from the egg yolks is efficient economical, causing minimal suffering animals. Here we present methodology for production specific Staphylococcus aureus fibrinogen binding protein (Efb) its peptidyl epitope (spanning residues 127–140). Efb extracellular, adhesion which binds both human complement C3 thus contributing high infectious potential this...

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is currently used as a diagnostic marker for tuberculous pleuritis. Although ADA has been suggested potential several types of cancer, the importance each isoforms well their levels and enzymatic activities in tumors need to be further investigated. Herein we developed avian immunoglobulin Y highly specific human via hens immunization with calf adenosine deaminase. The obtained antibodies were development sensitive double-egg yolk (IgY) sandwich ELISA assay an...

Abstract Enrofloxacin is a concentration‐dependent antimicrobial used in bacterial infections poultry. During few months of turkey's life, pharmacokinetics drugs undergoes substantial changes which may compromise their efficacy due to variability internal exposure (measured by area under the concentration–time curve, AUC). The aim this study was describe effects age on single intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration enrofloxacin at dose 10 mg/kg turkeys. It found that during 2.5‐month‐long...

Salicylates were the first non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to be used in any species and are still widely humans livestock. However, data on their pharmacokinetics animals is limited, especially after repeated administration. Evidence exist that chickens (Gallus gallus) salicylate (SA) may induce its own elimination. The aim of this study was investigate egg residues during administration sodium (SS) laying hens. Pharmacokinetics SA assessed 14 d oral SS at daily doses 50 mg/kg...

Despite common use of tylosin in turkeys, the pharmacokinetic (PK) data for this drug turkeys is limited. Within a few months growth, PK drugs undergoes changes that may decrease their efficacy due to variable internal exposure.The objective study was investigate influence age on single intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration at dose 10 50 mg/kg, respectively.Plasma concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The parameters assessed by...

Abstract The aim of the study was molecular analysis ITS1/5.8S rRNA/ITS2 region Trichomonas gallinae isolates from racing pigeon lofts in Upper Silesia, Poland. analysed is very useful for taxonomy Trichomonadidae family and indicates possible existence different genotypes or species within T. gallinae. A comparison complete ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 obtained sequences revealed two sequences. Twenty-three (62%) showed first sequence (KU954106) while fourteen (38%) second type (KU954107), which were...

Candida albicans exists as an element of the normal flora in skin, mucosa, and gastrointestinal tract, which is principal reservoir for this organism. When delicate balance host-yeast relationship tipped favour microorganism by antimicrobial treatment, illness, or other debilities host, fungi may overgrow cause disease, such candidiasis. The aim study was to analyse three virulence factors, haemolysin, proteinase, phospholipase, with genotypic profiles C. isolated from turkeys investigate if...

Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii produces exopolysaccharide (EPS) composed of glucose, glucuronic acid, and galactose residues at a molar ratio 5:2:1. A majority genes involved in the synthesis, modification, export are located chromosomal Pss-I region. In present study, ΔpssJ deletion mutant was constructed shown to produce EPS lacking terminal side chain octasaccharide subunit. The lack did not block subunit translocation polymerization. trans delivery pssJ gene restored production...

Abstract This study investigated the prevalence of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) infections during past five years (2010-2014) in broiler chicken flocks Poland. The diagnosis IBH was based on anatomopathological investigations and histopathological analyzes. most prevalent disease Poland (10.4%) this time period, occurred as a primary infection. fewest cases summer, suggesting that temperature may have been possible stressor increased susceptibility to IBH. However, over last 5 occurrence...