A5086105896- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Aging and Gerontology Research
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Elder Abuse and Neglect
- Mind wandering and attention
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Aging, Elder Care, and Social Issues
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Diet and metabolism studies
York University
2015-2024
Morningside College
2020
University of Toronto
2004-2019
Toronto Rehabilitation Institute
2011-2019
Sunnybrook Research Institute
2011-2014
Heart and Stroke Foundation
2010-2014
Sunnybrook Health Science Centre
2010-2012
University of California, Berkeley
2008-2012
Turner Consulting Group (United States)
2012
Health Sciences Centre
2010-2012
Human cognition is increasingly characterized as an emergent property of interactions among distributed, functionally specialized brain networks. We recently demonstrated that the antagonistic "default" and "dorsal attention" networks--subserving internally externally directed cognition, respectively--are modulated by a third "frontoparietal control" network flexibly couples with either depending on task domain. However, little known about intrinsic functional architecture underlying this...
Executive functioning deficits due to brain disease affecting frontal lobe functions cause significant real-life disability, yet solid evidence in support of executive interventions is lacking. Goal Management Training (GMT), an intervention that draws upon theories concerning goal processing and sustained attention, has received empirical studies patients with traumatic injury, normal aging, case studies. GMT promotes a mindful approach complex tasks pose problems for deficits, main...
Abstract Humans survive and thrive through social exchange. Yet, dependency also comes at a cost. Perceived isolation, or loneliness, affects physical mental health, cognitive performance, overall life expectancy, increases vulnerability to Alzheimer’s disease-related dementias. Despite severe consequences on behavior the neural basis of loneliness remains elusive. Using UK Biobank population imaging-genetics cohort ( n = ~40,000, aged 40–69 years when recruited, mean age 54.9), we test for...
Abstract Autobiographical memory comprises episodic and semantic components mediated by dissociable states of consciousness, one promoting the experience self at a specific moment in past, other involving self-knowledge that does not require “mental time travel.” These can be difficult to dissociate using retrospective autobiographical stimuli collection. In this study, we manipulated episodic/semantic distinction within prospectively collected stimuli. Over several months, participants made...
Reduced executive control is a hallmark of neurocognitive aging. Poor modulation lateral pFC activity in the context increasing task challenge old adults and "failure to deactivate" default network during cognitive tasks have been observed. Whether these two patterns represent discrete mechanisms aging or interact into older adulthood remains unknown. We examined whether altered dynamics co-occur goal-directed planning over levels difficulty performance on Tower London task. used fMRI...
Substantial neuroimaging evidence suggests that spontaneous engagement of the default network impairs performance on tasks requiring executive control. We investigated whether this impairment depends congruence between control demands and internal mentation. hypothesized activation might enhance an task if processes engage long-term memory representations are supported by network. Using fMRI, we scanned 36 healthy young adult humans a novel two-back working for famous anonymous faces. In...
Significant progress has been made uncovering functional brain networks, yet little is known about the corresponding structural covariance networks. The default network's architecture shown to change over course of healthy and pathological aging. We examined cross-sectional longitudinal datasets reveal human network across adult lifespan through progression Alzheimer's disease (AD). used a novel approach identify derive individual participant scores that reflect pattern in each image. A...
Deficits in attention and executive control are some of the most common, debilitating persistent consequences brain injuries. Understanding neural mechanisms that support clinically significant improvements, when they do occur, may help advance treatment development. Intervening via rehabilitation provides an opportunity to probe such mechanisms. Our objective was identify underlie improvements with training. We tested hypothesis intensive training enhances modulatory processing perceptual...
Abstract The intrinsic functional organization of the brain changes into older adulthood. Age differences are observed at multiple spatial scales, from global reductions in modularity and segregation distributed systems, to network-specific patterns dedifferentiation. Whether dedifferentiation reflects an inevitable, shift function with age, circumscribed, experience-dependent changes, or both, is uncertain. We employed a multimethod strategy interrogate scales. Multi-echo (ME) resting-state...
<b>Background: </b> Deficits in working memory are commonly observed after traumatic brain injury (TBI), with executive control processes preferentially impacted relative to storage and rehearsal. Previous activation functional neuroimaging investigations of patients TBI have reported altered recruitment, but methodologic issues including sample heterogeneity (e.g., variability mechanism, severity, neuropathology or chronicity), underspecified definitions "working memory," behavioral...
Research has shown that personal memory technologies are a promising way to address the needs of older adults with impairments. In this article, we review three recently completed studies evaluated for memories intended persons Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). first study, worked 12 participants AD MCI and their families construct DVD-based Multimedia Biographies depicted prominent events, people, places from participant's past. We then over period 6 months...
Background: Functional contributions of cognitive impairment may vary by domain and severity. Objective: (1) To characterize frequency after stroke severity (mild: −1.5 ≤ z-score < −2; severe: Z −2) time
In recent years, several laboratory studies have indicated that healthy older adults exhibit a reduction in mind-wandering frequency compared with young adults. However, it is unclear if these findings extend to daily life settings. the current study, using experience sampling over course of week 31 and 20 adults, we assessed age-related differences in: (a) frequency, (b) relationship between affect (c) content mind wandering. Older wandered less than life. Across age groups, negative was...
Age-related brain changes leading to altered socioemotional functioning may increase vulnerability financial exploitation. If confirmed, this would suggest a novel mechanism heightened exploitation risk in older adults. Development of predictive neural markers could facilitate increased vigilance and prevention. In preliminary study, we sought identify structural functional differences associated with adults.Financially exploited adults (n = 13, 7 female) matched cohort who had been exposed...
Fraud in the aged is an emerging public health problem. An increasingly common form of deception conducted online. However, identification cognitive and socioemotional risk factors has not been undertaken yet. In this endeavor, study extended previous work suggesting age effects on susceptibility to online deception.Susceptibility was operationalized as clicking link simulated spear-phishing emails that young (18-37 years), young-old (62-74 middle-old (75-89 years) Internet users received,...
Abstract Central to understanding human behavior is a comprehensive mapping of brain-behavior relations within the context lifespan development. Reproducible discoveries depend upon well-powered samples reliable data. We provide scientific community two, 10-minute, multi-echo functional MRI (ME-fMRI) runs, and structural (T1-MPRAGE), from 181 healthy younger (ages 18–34 y) 120 older adults 60–89 y). T2-FLAIR MRIs behavioral assessments are available in majority subset over 250 participants....
Recollection of one’s personal past, or autobiographical memory (AM), varies across individuals and the life span. This manifests in amount episodic content recalled during AM, which may reflect differences associated functional brain networks. We take an individual approach to examine resting-state connectivity temporal lobe regions known coordinate AM retrieval with default network (anterior posterior hippocampus, pole) test for associations AM. Multiecho magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)...