A5081777934- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- RNA regulation and disease
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Gut microbiota and health
- Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- interferon and immune responses
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
University of California, Davis
2019-2024
Institute of Immunology
2024
University of California, Merced
2017-2021
National Center for Infectious Diseases
2021
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of disease 2019 (COVID-19), can induce a plethora neurological complications in some patients. However, it is still under debate whether SARS-CoV-2 directly infects brain or CNS sequelae result from systemic inflammatory responses triggered periphery. By using high-resolution microscopy, we investigated reaches and how viral neurotropism be modulated by aging non-human primate model COVID-19. Seven days after...
CD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are important for the generation of durable and specific humoral protection against viral infections. The degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection generates Tfh stimulates germinal center (GC) response is an question as we investigate vaccine induced immunity COVID-19. Here, report that in rhesus macaques, either infused with convalescent plasma, normal or receiving no infusion, resulted transient accumulation pro-inflammatory monocytes proliferating a Th1...
Generating durable humoral immunity through vaccination depends upon effective interactions of follicular helper T (T
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration only gave emergency use authorization of the BNT162b2 mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for infants 6 months older in June 2022. Yet questions regarding durability vaccine efficacy, especially against emerging variants, this age group remain. We demonstrated previously that a two-dose regimen stabilized prefusion Washington S-2P spike (S) protein encoded by mRNA encapsulated lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP) or purified mixed with 3M-052, synthetic Toll-like...
There is an urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions against SARS-CoV-2, including new variants that continue to arise. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies have shown promise in clinical studies. We investigated the efficacy of a combination two potent antibodies, C135-LS and C144-LS carry half-life extension mutations, rhesus macaque model COVID-19. Twelve young adult macaques (three groups four animals) were inoculated intranasally intra-tracheally with high dose SARS-CoV-2 24...
Human clinical studies investigating use of convalescent plasma (CP) for treatment coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have produced conflicting results. Outcomes in these may vary at least partly due to different timing CP administration relative symptom onset. The mechanisms action include neutralizing antibodies but extend beyond virus neutralization normalization blood clotting and dampening inflammation. Unresolved questions the minimum therapeutic titer units or recipient as well...
The microbiome is an integral and dynamic component of the host emerging as a critical determinant immune responses; however, its influence on vaccine immunogenicity largely not well understood. Here, we examined pivotal relationship between mucosal vaccine-induced responses by assessing longitudinal changes in vaginal rectal profiles after intradermal immunization with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA adult rhesus macaques that received two prior primes. We report both...
Although antiretroviral therapy suppresses HIV replication, it does not eliminate viral reservoirs or restore damaged lymphoid tissue, posing obstacles to eradication. Using the SIV model of AIDS, we investigated effect mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) infusions on gut mucosal recovery, antiviral immunity, and suppression determined associated molecular/metabolic signatures. MSC administration SIV-infected macaques resulted in reduction heightened virus-specific responses. Marked...
NK cells are innate-like lymphocytes that eliminate virally infected and cancerous cells, but the mechanisms control cell development cytotoxicity incompletely understood. We identified roles for sclerostin domain-containing-1 (Sostdc1) in function. Sostdc1-knockout (Sostdc1-/-) mice display a progressive accumulation of transitional (tNKs) (CD27+CD11b+) with age, indicating partial developmental block. The Ly49 repertoire Sostdc1-/- is also changed. Lower frequencies splenic tNKs express...
Romosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for sclerostin (SOST), has been approved treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk fracture. Previous work in global knockout (Sost-/-) mice indicated alterations immune cell development the bone marrow (BM), which could be possible side effect romosozumab-treated patients. Here, we examined effects short-term depletion BM on hematopoiesis young receiving (Scl-Ab) 6 weeks, and long-term Sost deficiency wild-type...
Immunosurveillance of the central nervous system (CNS) is vital to resolve infection and injury. However, immune activation within CNS in setting chronic viral infections, such as HIV-1, strongly linked progressive neurodegeneration cognitive decline. Establishment HIV-1 early following underscores need delineate features acute activation, these inflammatory events may mediate neurodegenerative processes. Here, we focused on elucidating molecular programs neuroinflammation brain regions...
CD4+ T cells survey and maintain immune homeostasis in the brain, yet their differentiation states functional capabilities remain unclear. Our approach, combining single-cell transcriptomic analysis, ATAC-Seq, spatial transcriptomics, flow cytometry, revealed a distinct subset of CCR7+ resembling lymph node central memory (TCM) cells. We observed chromatin accessibility at CCR7, CD28, BCL-6 loci, defining molecular features TCM. Brain exhibited recall proliferation interleukin-2 production...
ABSTRACT CD4 T follicular helper (T fh ) cells are important for the generation of long-lasting and specific humoral protection against viral infections. The degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection generates stimulates germinal center response is an question as we investigate vaccine options current pandemic. Here report that, following with SARS-CoV-2, adult rhesus macaques exhibited transient accumulation activated, proliferating in their peripheral blood on a transitory basis. cell responses...
CD4 T follicular helper cells (Tfh) are essential for establishing serological memory and have distinct attributes that impact both the quantity quality of antibody response. Insights into Tfh subsets promote persistence functional capacity can critically inform vaccine design. Based on profiles evoked by live attenuated measles virus vaccine, renowned its ability to establish durable humoral immunity, we investigated potential a Tfh1/17 recall response during boost phase enhance HIV-1...
Virologic suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved health outcomes for people living HIV, yet challenges related to chronic inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) - known as Neuro-HIV- persist. As primary targets HIV-1 ability survey and populate CNS interact myeloid cells co-ordinate neuroinflammation, CD4 T are pivotal Neuro-HIV. Despite their importance, our understanding of cell distribution virus-targeted tissues, response infection, potential...
Virologic suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved health outcomes for people living HIV, yet challenges related to chronic inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS)—known as Neuro-HIV- persist. As primary targets HIV-1 ability survey and populate CNS interact myeloid cells co-ordinate neuroinflammation, CD4 T are pivotal Neuro-HIV. Despite their importance, our understanding of cell distribution virus-targeted tissues, response infection, potential...
CD4 T follicular helper (T
CD4 T follicular helper cells (T fh ) are essential for establishing serological memory and have distinct attributes that impact both the quantity quality of antibody response. Insights into subsets promote persistence functional capacity can critically inform vaccine design. Based on profiles evoked by live attenuated measles virus vaccine, renowned its ability to establish durable humoral immunity, we investigated potential a 1/17 recall response during boost phase enhance HIV-1 Envelope...
CD4 T follicular helper cells (T fh ) are essential for establishing serological memory and have distinct attributes that impact both the quantity quality of antibody response. Insights into subsets promote persistence functional capacity can critically inform vaccine design. Based on profiles evoked by live attenuated measles virus vaccine, renowned its ability to establish durable humoral immunity, we investigated potential a 1/17 recall response during boost phase enhance HIV-1 Envelope...
CD4 T follicular helper cells (Tfh) are essential for establishing serological memory and have distinct attributes that impact both the quantity quality of antibody response. Insights into Tfh subsets promote persistence functional capacity can critically inform vaccine design. Based on profiles evoked by live attenuated measles virus vaccine, renowned its ability to establish durable humoral immunity, we investigated potential a Tfh1/17 recall response during boost phase enhance HIV-1...
ABSTRACT CD4 T cells survey and maintain immune homeostasis in the brain, yet their differentiation states functional capabilities remain unclear. Our approach, combining single-cell transcriptomic analysis, ATAC-seq, spatial transcriptomics, flow cytometry, revealed a distinct subset of CCR7+ resembling lymph node central memory (T CM ) cells. We observed chromatin accessibility at CCR7, CD28, BCL-6 loci, defining molecular features . Brain exhibited recall proliferation interleukin-2...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of disease 2019 (COVID-19), induces multiple neurological complications. However, it is still under debate if SARS-CoV-2 directly infects brain, or CNS sequelae result from inflammatory responses triggered by virus systemically. Using high-resolution microscopy, we investigated whether reaches and how viral neurotropism can be modulated aging in a nonhuman primate model COVID-19. Seven days after infection, was...
Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are specialized lymphocytes with the innate ability to eliminate virally infected and cancerous cells, but mechanisms that control NK cell development cytotoxicity incompletely understood. We identified novel roles for Sclerostin domain containing-1 ( Sostdc1 ) in function. -knockout -/- mice display a progressive accumulation of transitional (CD27 + CD11b , tNK) age, indicating partial developmental block. The Ly49 repertoire on is also changed. Lower...