A5043225490- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- interferon and immune responses
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
2016-2025
Leidos (United States)
2013-2022
Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. (United States)
2014-2022
Pancreatic Cancer Action Network
2009-2021
Government of the United States of America
2021
Science Applications International Corporation (United States)
2008-2020
National Cancer Institute
2008-2019
University of Patras
2018
Duke Medical Center
2017
Emory University
2006-2015
An RNA virus, designated hepatitis G virus (HGV), was identified from the plasma of a patient with chronic hepatitis. Extension an immunoreactive complementary DNA clone yielded entire genome (9392 nucleotides) encoding polyprotein 2873 amino acids. The is closely related to GB C (GBV-C) and distantly GBV-A, GBV-B. HGV associated acute Persistent viremia detected for up 9 years in patients transfusion-transmissible. It has global distribution present within volunteer blood donor population...
The formation of multinucleated giant cells with progression to cell death is a characteristic manifestation the cytopathology induced by AIDS retrovirus in infected T lymphoid cells. mechanism was studied CD4 (T4/Leu 3) positive lines JM (Jurkat) and VB variants these that are negative for surface antigen. By means two-color fluorescent labeling technique, cultures were shown form through fusion. Antibody specifically inhibited fusion, uninfected cells, contrast did not undergo fusion...
The chronic phase of HIV infection is marked by pathological activation the immune system, extent which better predicts disease progression than either plasma viral load or CD4+ T cell count. Recently, translocation microbial products from gastrointestinal tract has been proposed as an underlying cause this activation, based on indirect evidence including detection and specific responses in chronically HIV-infected humans SIV-infected Asian macaques. We analyzed tissues rhesus macaques (RMs)...
Decline of peak viremia during acute HIV-1 infection occurs before the development vigorous adaptive immunity, and level decline correlates inversely with rate AIDS progression, implicating a potential role for innate immune response in determining disease outcome. The combined expression an activating natural killer (NK) cell receptor, immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) 3DS1, its presumed ligand, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–B Bw4-80I, has been associated epidemiological studies slow...
ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects CD4 + T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages, incorporating host proteins in the process of assembly budding. Analysis cell incorporated into virions can provide insights viral biology. We characterized highly purified HIV-1 produced from human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), within which buds predominantly intracytoplasmic vesicles, contrast to plasmalemmal budding typically seen with infected cells. Liquid...
CMV Breaks All the Rules One vaccine strategy being pursued against HIV is to generate protection that dependent on cell-mediated, rather than humoral, immune responses. A cytomegalovirus (CMV)–vectored expresses simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antigens exhibits stringent and durable viral control upon SIV challenge in approximately half of vaccinated rhesus macaques. Hansen et al. ( 10.1126/science.1237874 , see Perspective by Goonetilleke McMichael ) sought determine basis for...
Passive immunization with HIV-1-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is being considered for prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection. As therapeutic agents, mAbs could be used to suppress active virus replication, maintain suppression induced by antiretroviral therapy (ART), and/or decrease the size persistent reservoir. We assessed impact VRC01, a potent human mAb targeting CD4 binding site, on ART-treated untreated HIV-1-infected subjects. Among six individuals undetectable plasma...
We used electron tomography to directly visualize trilobed presumptive envelope (env) glycoprotein structures on the surface of negatively stained HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) virions. Wild–type HIV-1 SIV virions had an average 8–10 trimers per virion, consistent with predictions based biochemical evidence. Mutant SIVs, biochemically demonstrated contain high levels viral env proteins, averaged 70–79 virion in tomograms. These correlations strongly indicate that...
A variant upstream of human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C) shows the most significant genome-wide effect on HIV control in European Americans and is also associated with level HLA-C expression. We characterized differential cell surface expression levels all common allotypes tested directly for effects outcomes infection 5243 individuals. Increasing was protection against multiple independently individual HLA allelic both African Americans, regardless their distinct frequencies linkage...
Topical agents, such as microbicides, that can protect against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission are urgently needed. Using a chimeric simian/human (SHIV SF162), which is tropic for the chemokine receptor CCR5, we report topical application of high doses PSC-RANTES, an amino terminus-modified analog RANTES, provided potent protection vaginal challenge in rhesus macaques. These experimental findings have potentially important implications understanding HIV and design strategies...