A5100605263- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Immune cells in cancer
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Gut microbiota and health
- interferon and immune responses
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
2024-2025
ZheJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2025
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2015-2024
Inner Mongolia Medical University
2023
University of Minnesota Medical Center
2005-2016
University of Minnesota
1999-2012
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology
2005-2010
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
2010
University of Minnesota System
2010
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2009
ABSTRACT In the current global AIDS pandemic, more than half of new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections are acquired by women through intravaginal HIV exposure. For this study, we explored pathogenesis issues relevant to development effective vaccines prevent infection route, using an animal model in which female rhesus macaques were exposed intravaginally a high dose simian (SIV). We examined detail events that transpire from hours few days after SIV exposure week 4...
Natural SIV infection of sooty mangabeys (SMs) is nonprogressive despite chronic virus replication. Strikingly, it characterized by low levels immune activation, while pathogenic rhesus macaques (RMs) associated with activation. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this intriguing phenotype, we used high-density oligonucleotide microarrays to longitudinally assess host gene expression in SIV-infected SMs and RMs. We found that acute was consistently a robust innate response, including...
The gut is a major reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). We hypothesized that distinct immune environments within the may support varying levels of HIV.In 8 HIV-1-positive adults who were ART and had CD4(+) T cell counts >200 cells/μL plasma viral loads <40 copies/mL, HIV activation measured blood samples endoscopic biopsy specimens from duodenum, ileum, ascending colon, rectum.HIV DNA RNA per higher all 4 sites compared with...
Significance A unique avian-origin H7N9 influenza virus caused 134 human infections with 44 deaths. The host factors contributing to moderate vs. severe disease are not clear. Here, we show that severity was associated a higher level of cytokines/chemokines. We demonstrate the cytokines in infected lung were 100- 1,000-fold than those plasma. Furthermore, found IFN-induced transmembrane protein-3 (IFITM3) C/C genotype clinical outcome, as reflected by reduced time seeking medical aid; more...
The question of whether the human brain is an anatomical site persistent HIV-1 infection during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) critical, but remains unanswered. presence virus in brains HIV patients whose viral load effectively suppressed would demonstrate not only potential for CNS to act as reservoir, also urgent need understand factors contributing behind blood-brain barrier. Here, we investigated first time cells harboring DNA and RNA from subjects with undetectable plasma...
In studies of sexual mucosal transmission and early stages simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) HIV infections, productive infection predominates in CD4(+) T cell populations, both ostensibly resting activated cells. The surprising ability SIV to replicate cells vivo, contrast propagation vitro, suggested a model which during the these viruses exploit greater availability maintain unbroken chains from an infected another nearby. Because immune activation response provides more cells, take...
In the early stages of viral infection, outcomes depend on a race between expansion infection and immune response generated to contain it. We combined in situ tetramer staining with hybridization visualize, map, quantify relationships effector cells their targets tissues. simian immunodeficiency virus infections macaques lymphocytic choriomeningitis mice, magnitude timing establishment an excess versus were found correlate extent control outcome (i.e., clearance partial or poor persistent...
Untreated HIV-1 infection progresses through acute and asymptomatic stages to AIDS. Although each of the three has well-known clinical, virologic, immunologic characteristics, much less is known molecular mechanisms underlying stage. In this study, we report lymphatic tissue microarray analyses, revealing for first time stage-specific patterns gene expression during infection. We show that although there a common set key genes with altered throughout all stages, stage unique signature. The...
The persistence of HIV reservoirs, including latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells, is the major obstacle to cure infection. CD32a expression was recently reported mark cells harboring a replication-competent reservoir during antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppression. We aimed determine whether CD32 marks or transcriptionally active infected cells. Using peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue ART-treated HIV+ SIV+ subjects, we found that most circulating memory CD32+ expressed markers...
Background and Aims Indole is a microbiota metabolite that exerts anti‐inflammatory responses. However, the relevance of indole to human non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) not clear. It also remains largely unknown whether how acts protect against NAFLD. The present study sought examine association between circulating levels fat content in subjects explore mechanisms underlying actions mice with diet‐induced Approach Results In cohort 137 subjects, were reversely correlated body mass...
As the COVID-19 pandemic rages on, new SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged in different regions of world. These newly mutations their spike (S) protein that may confer resistance to vaccine-elicited immunity and existing neutralizing antibody therapeutics. Therefore, there is still an urgent need safe, effective, affordable agents for prevention/treatment its variant infection.We demonstrated green tea beverage (GTB) or major ingredient, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), were highly effective...
The enteropathic manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian (SIV) in late infection are usually due to by other microbes, but early viruses themselves cause an enteropathy heretofore undetermined mechanisms. Here we report that SIV induces massive apoptosis intestinal epithelial cells lining small large bowel, thus identifying as driving force behind regenerative pathology infection. We found gut epithelium paralleled previously documented depletion CD4 T lamina...
Abstract A safe and effective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) is urgently needed to combat the worldwide AIDS pandemic, but still remains elusive. The fact that uncontrolled replication of an attenuated can lead regaining its virulence creates safety concerns precluding many vaccines from clinical application. We introduce a novel approach control HIV‐1 replication, which entails manipulation essential protein biosynthesis through unnatural amino acid...
We sought design principles for a vaccine to prevent HIV transmission women by identifying correlates of protection conferred highly effective live attenuated SIV in the rhesus macaque animal model. show that SIVmac239Δnef vaccination recruits plasma cells and induces ectopic lymphoid follicle formation beneath mucosal epithelium female reproductive tract. The follicles produce IgG Abs reactive with viral envelope glycoprotein gp41 trimers, these are concentrated on path virus entry neonatal...
Objective: This report presents tenofovir (TFV) alafenamide (TAF) and elvitegravir (EVG) fabricated into nanoparticles for subcutaneous delivery as prevention strategy. Design: Prospective study in humanized bone marrow–liver–thymus (hu-BLT) mice. Methods: Using an oil-in-water emulsion solvent evaporation technique, TAF + EVG drugs were entrapped together containing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). In-vitro prophylaxis studies (90% inhibition concentration) compared with solution. Hu-BLT (n =...
Human cerebral organoid (CO) is a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system that recapitulates the developing human brain. While CO has proved an invaluable tool for studying neurological disorders in more clinically relevant matter, there have still been several shortcomings including variability and reproducibility as well lack of or underrepresentation certain types typically found As technology to generate COs continued improve, efficient streamlined protocols addressed some these...
High-fat diet (HFD) is well known to impact various aspects of gut health and has been associated with many diseases inflammation. However, the HFD feeding on HIV-1 rectal transmission not yet addressed. With an increasing threat infection in men who have sex (MSM), where route primary mode infection, it imperative understand microbiota inflammation consequently, its effect transmission. Here, we utilized our double humanized bone marrow, liver, thymus (dHu-BLT) mouse model assess host's...
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) curtails human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in lymphatic tissues and partially reverses the pathological damage associated with infection, but genes that mediate these reparative processes remain largely unknown. To identify genes, we used microarrays to profile gene expression serial lymph node biopsy specimens obtained before after treatment. We discovered approximately 200 treatment-responsive many of them known mediators...
CD8 T cells can acquire cytokine-secreting phenotypes paralleling cytokine production from Th cells. IL-17-secreting cells, termed Tc17 were shown to promote inflammation and mediate immunity influenza. However, most reports observed a lack of cytotoxic activity by In this study, we explored the anti-viral using vaccinia virus (VV) infection model. expanded during VV infection, TCR transgenic capable clearing recombinant infection. vivo, adoptively transferred lost phenotype, even in absence...