A5023889128- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Topological and Geometric Data Analysis
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Structural Analysis and Optimization
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2015-2024
Princeton University
2009-2016
University of California, Santa Barbara
2016
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2008-2012
University of California, Berkeley
2003-2006
Cornell University
1999
Universidad de Alcalá
1996
Contractile forces generated by the actomyosin cytoskeleton within individual cells collectively generate tissue-level force during epithelial morphogenesis. During Drosophila mesoderm invagination, pulsed meshwork contractions and a ratchet-like stabilization of cell shape drive apical constriction. Here, we investigate how contractile are integrated across tissue. Reducing adherens junction (AJ) levels or ablating meshworks causes tissue-wide tears, which release tension that is...
Apical constriction is a cell shape change that promotes epithelial bending. Activation of nonmuscle myosin II (Myo-II) by kinases such as Rho-associated kinase (Rok) important to generate contractile force during apical constriction. Cycles Myo-II assembly and disassembly, or pulses, are associated with Drosophila melanogaster gastrulation. It not understood whether phosphoregulation organizes pulses for tissue morphogenesis. Here, we show Rok. Mutants mimic light chain phosphorylation...
During morphogenesis, contraction of the actomyosin cytoskeleton within individual cells drives cell shape changes that fold tissues. Coordination cytoskeletal contractility is mediated by regulating RhoA GTPase activity. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) inhibit Most studies tissue folding, including apical constriction, have focused on how activated GEFs to promote contractility, with little investigation as GAPs may be important....
Recent technological breakthroughs in our ability to derive and differentiate induced pluripotent stem cells, organoid biology, organ-on-chip assays, 3-D bioprinting have all contributed a heightened interest the design, assembly, manufacture of living systems with broad range potential uses. This white paper summarizes state emerging field "multi-cellular engineered systems," which are composed interacting cell populations. accomplishments described, focusing on current applications, as...
Abstract Sculpting organism shape requires that cells produce forces with proper directionality. Thus, it is critical to understand how orient the cytoskeleton deform tissues. During Drosophila gastrulation, actomyosin contraction in ventral generates a long, narrow epithelial furrow, termed which fibres and tension are directed along length of furrow. Using combination genetic mechanical perturbations alter tissue shape, we demonstrate geometrical constraints act as cues during furrow...
Tissue morphogenesis is the process in which coordinated movements and shape changes of large numbers cells form tissues, organs, internal body structure. Understanding morphogenetic requires precise measurements whole-cell over time. folding invagination are thought to be facilitated by apical constriction, but mechanism near cell surface affect along entire apical–basal axis remains elusive. Here, we developed Embryo Development Geometry Explorer, an approach for quantifying rapid time,...
Tissue folding promotes three-dimensional (3D) form during development. In many cases, is associated with myosin accumulation at the apical surface of epithelial cells, as seen in vertebrate neural tube and Drosophila ventral furrow. This type characterized by constriction cell surfaces, resulting shape change thought to cause tissue folding. Here, we use quantitative microscopy measure pattern transcription, signaling, activation mesoderm. We found that cells within domain accumulate...
We characterized the accumulation patterns of Arabidopsis thaliana proteins, two CuZnSODs, FeSOD, MnSOD, PR1, PR5, and GST1, in response to various pathogen-associated treatments. These treatments included inoculation with virulent avirulent Pseudomonas syringae strains, spontaneous lesion formation lsd1 mutant, treatment salicylic acid (SA) analogs INA (2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid) BTH (benzothiadia-zole). The GST1 proteins were inducible by all tested, as expected from previous mRNA blot...
Much progress defining the order and timing of endocytic internalization events has come as a result real-time, live-cell fluorescence microscopy. Although availability numerous mutants makes yeast an especially valuable organism for functional analysis dynamics, serious limitation been lack fluorescent cargo receptor-mediated endocytosis. We have now synthesized biologically active mating-pheromone derivatives demonstrated that endocytosis in budding occurs via clathrin- actin-mediated...
Abstract Cellular forces generated in the apical domain of epithelial cells reshape tissues. Recent studies highlighted an important role for dynamic actomyosin contractions, called pulses, that change cell and tissue shape. Net shape depends on whether is stabilized, or ratcheted, between pulses. Whether there are different classes contractile pulses wild-type embryos how spatiotemporally coordinated unknown. Here we develop a computational framework to identify classify determine during...
Abstract A critical juncture in early development is the partitioning of cells that will adopt different fates into three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This step achieved through internalization specified from outermost surface layer, a process called gastrulation. In Drosophila, gastrulation cell shape changes (i.e., apical constriction) change tissue curvature lead to folding epithelium. Folding embryonic results mesoderm endoderm invagination, not as individual cells, but...