A5079499125- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Blood properties and coagulation
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Tendon Structure and Treatment
Harvard University
2016-2025
ORCID
2021
Harvard University Press
1995-2016
Boston University
2001-2015
Brigham and Women's Faulkner Hospital
2008
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
2007
Johns Hopkins University
2006-2007
Boston Children's Hospital
2003
Ghent University Hospital
2003
Nagoya University
2001
We report a scaling law that governs both the elastic and frictional properties of wide variety living cell types, over range time scales under biological interventions. This identifies these cells as soft glassy materials existing close to glass transition, implies cytoskeletal proteins may regulate mechanical mainly by modulating effective noise temperature matrix. The practical implications are is an easily quantified measure ability cytoskeleton deform, flow, reorganize.
Adherent cells exert tractions on their surroundings. These can be measured by observing the displacements of beads embedded a flexible gel substrate which are cultured. This paper presents an exact solution to problem computing traction field from observed displacement field. The rests recasting relationship between and into Fourier space, where recovery is especially simple. We present two subcases solution, depending whether or not outside cell boundaries set zero. implementation...
Alternative models of cell mechanics depict the living as a simple mechanical continuum, porous filament gel, tensed cortical membrane, or tensegrity network that maintains stabilizing prestress through incorporation discrete structural elements bear compression. Real-time microscopic analysis cells containing GFP-labeled microtubules and associated mitochondria revealed behave like structures composed an interconnected actin microfilaments when stresses are applied to surface integrin...
Collective cell migration in tissues occurs throughout embryonic development, during wound healing, and cancerous tumor invasion, yet most detailed knowledge of comes from single-cell studies. As single cells migrate, the shape body fluctuates dramatically through cyclic processes extension, adhesion, retraction, accompanied by erratic changes direction. Within confluent layers, such subcellular motions must be coupled between neighbors, influence these on collective is not known. Here we...
The tensegrity hypothesis holds that the cytoskeleton is a structure whose shape stabilized predominantly by tensile stresses borne filamentous structures. Accordingly, cell stiffness must increase in proportion with level of stress, which called prestress. Here we have tested prediction adherent human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells. Traction microscopy was used to measure distribution contractile arising at interface between each and its substrate; this traction field. Because field be...
Significance Cell volume is thought to be a well-controlled cellular characteristic, increasing as cell grows, while macromolecular density maintained. We report that can also change in response external physical cues, leading water influx/efflux, which causes significant changes subcellular density. This observed when cells spread out on substrate: Cells reduce their and increase molecular crowding due an accompanying efflux. Exploring this phenomenon further, we removed from mesenchymal...
In the classic theory of airway lumen narrowing in asthma, active force smooth muscle is presumed to be static mechanical equilibrium with external load against which has shortened. This useful because it identifies length toward activated would tend if given enough time. The corresponding state myosin-actin interactions called latch state. But are concepts a and applicable setting tidal loading, as occurs during breathing? To address this question, we have studied isolated, maximally...
Mammalian airways normally regulate the volume of a thin liquid layer, periciliary (PCL), to facilitate mucus clearance component lung defense. Studies under standard (static) culture conditions revealed that normal airway epithelia possess an adenosine-regulated pathway blends Na+ absorption and Cl- secretion optimize PCL volume. In cystic fibrosis (CF), absence CF transmembrane conductance regulator results in failure adenosine regulation volume, which is predicted initiate stasis...
Mechanical robustness of the cell under different modes stress and deformation is essential to its survival function. Under tension, mechanical rigidity provided by cytoskeletal network; with increasing stress, this network stiffens, providing increased resistance deformation. However, a must also resist compression, which will inevitably occur whenever volume decreased during such biologically important processes as anhydrobiosis apoptosis. individual filaments can buckle, thereby reducing...
Most eukaryotic cells sense and respond to the mechanical properties of their surroundings. This can strongly influence collective behavior in embryonic development, tissue function, wound healing. We use a deformable substrate measure cell motion due mediated cell-cell interactions. quantify spatial temporal correlations migration velocity deformation, show that cooperative cell-driven patterns deformation mediate long-distance coupling between control migration.
Every adherent eukaryotic cell exerts appreciable traction forces upon its substrate. Moreover, every resident within the heart, great vessels, bladder, gut or lung routinely experiences large periodic stretches. As an acute response to such stretches cytoskeleton can stiffen, increase and reinforce, as reported by some, soften fluidize, more recently our laboratory, but in any given circumstance it remains unknown which might prevail why. Using a novel nanotechnology, we show here that...
Macrophages serve to maintain organ homeostasis in response challenges from injury, inflammation, malignancy, particulate exposure, or infection. Until now, receptor ligation has been understood as being the central mechanism that regulates macrophage function. Using macrophages of different origins and species, we report elasticity is a major determinant innate Macrophage modulated not only by classical biologic activators such LPS IFN-γ, but an equal extent substrate rigidity stretch....