A5027731932- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Immune cells in cancer
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases
- Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
Stanford University
2016-2023
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
2023
Oregon State University
2023
Imperial College London
2013
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global crisis, yet major knowledge gaps remain about human immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We analyzed immune responses in 76 COVID-19 patients and 69 healthy individuals from Hong Kong Atlanta, Georgia, United States. In the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients, we observed reduced expression leukocyte antigen class DR (HLA-DR) proinflammatory cytokines by myeloid as well impaired...
There is an urgent need for biomarkers to better stratify patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by risk lung transplantation allocation who have the same clinical presentation. We aimed investigate whether a specific immune cell type from could identify those at higher of poor outcomes. then sought validate our findings using cytometry and electronic health records.
Abstract Recent efforts toward an HIV vaccine focus on inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies, but eliciting both antibodies (nAbs) and cellular responses may be superior. Here, we immunized macaques with envelope trimer, either alone to induce nAbs, or together a heterologous viral vector regimen elicit nAbs immunity, including CD8 + tissue-resident memory T cells. After ten vaginal challenges autologous virus, protection was observed in groups at 53.3% 66.7%, respectively. A nAb titer...
<h3>Importance</h3> The World Health Organization identified the need for a non–sputum-based triage test to identify those in of further tuberculosis (TB) testing. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether 3-gene TB score can be diagnostic tool throughout course disease, from latency diagnosis treatment response, and posttreatment residual inflammation. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This nested case-control study analyzed 3 cohorts, each focusing on different stage disease: (1)...
Adjuvants hold great potential in enhancing vaccine efficacy, making the understanding and improving of adjuvants critical goals vaccinology. The TLR7/8 agonist, 3M-052, induces long-lived humoral immunity non-human primates is currently being evaluated human clinical trials. However, innate mechanisms 3M-052 have not been fully characterized. Here, we perform flow cytometry, single cell RNA-seq ATAC-seq to profile kinetics, transcriptomics epigenomics immune cells murine draining lymph...
Abstract Objective Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with limited effective therapeutic options for long-term treatment and disease maintenance. We hypothesized that multi-cohort analysis of independent cohorts representing real-world heterogeneity UC would identify robust transcriptomic signature to improve identification FDA-approved drugs can be repurposed treat patients UC. Materials Methods performed 272 colon biopsy transcriptome samples across 11 publicly...
Mobbing is a widespread but risky behavior where prey actually approach and may even attack their predators. Small songbirds gather in multi-species flocks to direct mobbing at birds of such as the Northern Pygmy-Owl ( Glaucidium gnoma ), small diurnal species owl mountainous western North America. We hypothesized that intensity would vary according risk varied seasonally across elevations. In particular, we expected change function two primary sources risk: seasonal dietary changes...
Proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) is a mitochondrial inner membrane flavoprotein critical for cancer cell survival under stress conditions and newly recognized as potential target drug development. Reversible (competitive) irreversible (suicide) inhibitors of PRODH have been shown in vivo to inhibit growth with excellent host tolerance. Surprisingly, the suicide inhibitor N-propargylglycine (N-PPG) also induces rapid decay concordant upregulation chaperones (HSP-60, GRP-75) protease YME1L1,...
<h3>Background</h3> Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis disease, but it unclear whether a similar association exists between diabetes and latent infection (LTBI). <h3>Methods</h3> The ongoing UK PREDICT (Prognostic Evaluation Diagnostic IGRAs Consortium) cohort study aims to recruit 10,000 participants assess the predictive values interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) for development active TB in recent entrants contacts cases. We used nested case-control design...
Introduction: There is an urgent need for new or repurposed therapeutics that protect against significantly delay the clinical progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington’s disease (HD), Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. In particular, preclinical studies are needed well tolerated brain-penetrating small molecules capable mitigating proteotoxic mitochondrial processes hallmarks these diseases. We identified a unique suicide inhibitor proline dehydrogenase (Prodh),...
There is an urgent need for new or repurposed therapeutics that protect against significantly delay the clinical progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. In particular, preclinical studies are needed well tolerated brain-penetrating small molecules capable mitigating proteotoxic mitochondrial processes hallmarks these diseases. We identified a unique suicide inhibitor proline dehydrogenase (Prodh), N-propargylglycine...
Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified the need for a nonsputum-based triage test tuberculosis (TB) that can be used to identify those who further testing active disease. We investigated whether our previously described 3-gene TB score could individuals with (ATB) prior seeking care (“active case detection”) and how correlated timing of disease onset, severity, response treatment. Methods This study consisted prospective nested case–control trial, Brazil...
An early biomarker would transform our ability to screen and treat patients with cancer. The large amount of multi-scale molecular data in public repositories from various cancers provide unprecedented opportunities find such a biomarker. However, despite identification numerous biomarkers using these data, fewer than 1% have proven robust enough translate into clinical practice 1 . One the most important factors affecting successful translation is lack real-world patient population...
Abstract Background As part of its End TB strategy, the WHO has identified need for non-sputum-based diagnostics that meet target product profiles (TPP) 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity diagnosis Active (ATB) 75% predicting progression from Latent (LTB) to ATB. The successful translation a 3-gene blood-based signature, using diverse datasets, into prototype point-of-care diagnostic, meets TPPs, demonstrated power integrating large amounts heterogeneous data identify generalizable disease...
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with limited effective therapeutic options for long-term treatment and disease maintenance. We hypothesized that multi-cohort analysis independent cohorts representing real-world heterogeneity patients UC would identify robust transcriptomic signature to improve identification FDA-approved drugs can be repurposed treat UC. Methods: performed transcriptome profiles 272 colon biopsies across 11...