A5026732985- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Microscopic Colitis
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
University of Oxford
2023
IQVIA (United Kingdom)
2017-2022
Northern General Hospital
2015-2018
Public Health England
2014
Health Protection Agency
2010
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2006-2008
National Institute of Public Health
2006-2008
Institute of Environmental Science and Research
2006
Massey University
2003-2004
Diagnoses of Shigella flexneri in the United Kingdom (UK) are usually travel-related. However, since 2009, there has been an overall increase UK-acquired cases. The Health Protection Agency investigating a national outbreak S. detected 2011 and which is still ongoing. Cases occurred mostly men who have sex with were serotype 3a. investigation aimed at obtaining epidemiological data to inform targeted management control.
Anal fistula is a pathological connection between the anal canal and perianal skin, which most commonly develops from an infected crypt. While majority of fistulas are idiopathic, they also associated with Crohn's disease (CD) other inflammatory conditions. The prevalence estimated to be 1-2 per 10000 patients, but population-based studies on epidemiology limited outdated.To assess relevant comorbidities, without CD in United Kingdom Europe.A retrospective population-representative...
Following the appearance of influenza A/H5 virus infection in several wild and domestic bird species Republic Azerbaijan February 2006, two clusters potential human avian due to A/H5N1 (HAI) cases were detected reported by Ministry Health (MoH) World Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe during first weeks March 2006. On 15 WHO led an international team, including control, clinical management, epidemiology, laboratory, communications experts, support MoH investigation response...
In the summer of 2009, an outbreak verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157 (VTEC O157) was identified in visitors to a large petting farm South East England. The peak attack rate 6/1000 visitors, and highest those aged <2 years (16/1000). We conducted case-control study with associated microbiological investigations, on human, animal environmental samples. 93 cases; 65 primary, 13 secondary 15 asymptomatic. Cases were more likely have visited specific barn, stayed for prolonged periods be...
The Czech Republic has had a two-dose measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination programme since 1987. last outbreak of was reported in 2002, but an increase the number cases observed 2005, starting October that year. We analysed routinely collected surveillance data from 1 January 2005 to 30 June 2006 show magnitude describe most affected groups order better target prevention control strategies. In 18-month period examined, 5,998 were notified, with peak incidence May 2006. No deaths...
Salmonella Paratyphi B and Java are biovars of common serotype 1,4,[5], 12:b:1,2 which respectively cause human paratyphoid fever gastroenteritis. The d-tartrate fermenting variant S. enterica subspecies serovar dT+ (formerly called referred to in this report as Java) is thought be less virulent humans than the non variant, although cases invasive infection have been reported.
ABSTRACT Since 2002, New Zealand's incidence of campylobacteriosis has exceeded 300 cases per 100,000 people annum. To evaluate genetic variation in human isolates, 183 Campylobacter isolates were collected from a single clinical laboratory Christchurch: 77 during an 8-week period spring, and the rest 3 months later over second autumn. Isolates identified to species level subtyped using Penner serotyping ( jejuni only) pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) both SmaI KpnI. Approximately...
Aims: The aim of the study was to determine Campylobacter jejuni contamination and prevalence on fomites moving between broiler farms processing plant in period after cleaning before departure harvest chickens. In addition, changes proportion contaminated course a day were assessed. Methods Results: Pooled swab samples obtained from pallets, crates, wheels trucks, tractors forklifts, truck beds, drivers' catchers' boots. After enrichment Bolton's broth recovered modified blood-free selective...
SUMMARY We investigated an international outbreak of Salmonella Agona with a distinct PFGE pattern associated Irish Food company (company X) producing pre-cooked meat products sold in various food outlet chains Europe. The was first detected Ireland. undertook national and case-finding, traceback microbiological investigation human, environmental samples. matched case-control study on cases. In total, 163 cases seven European countries were laboratory-confirmed. Consumption from supplied by...
On November 4, 2010, the Republic of Congo declared a poliomyelitis outbreak. A cross-sectional survey in Pointe-Noire showed poor sanitary conditions and low vaccination coverage (55.5%), particularly among young adults. Supplementary should focus on older age groups countries with evidence immunity gaps.
SUMMARY Water supply-associated cryptosporidiosis outbreaks have decreased in England since the application of risk reduction measures to public water supplies. We hypothesized that smaller were occurring which could be better detected by enhanced surveillance. Rolling analysis detailed questionnaire data was applied prospectively a population 2·2 million south 2009 and 2010. Detection spatiotemporal clusters using SaTScan later undertaken retrospectively. Together these approaches...
Asthma is associated with significant economic burden. Inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta2-agonist (ICS/LABA) combination therapies are considered mainstays of treatment. We describe real-world use ICS/LABAs by comparing treatment persistence adherence among patients asthma in the United Kingdom initiating fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) versus budesonide/formoterol (BUD/FM) or beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol (BDP/FM). A retrospective new-user active comparator database...
Objectives People with HIV (PWHIV) are likely to need therapies for comorbidities as they age. We assessed risk of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) in PWHIV. Methods The Climate‐HIV electronic recording system was used cross‐sectionally analyse records from PWHIV aged ≥ 18 years attending four UK units a current antiretroviral (ARV) prescription February 2018. Antiretroviral and non‐ARV medications were categorized by clinical significance DDIs (University Liverpool DDI tool). Potential...
Exclusion of children with presumptive Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) from childcare facilities until negative stool specimens are obtained is routine practice that disrupts families. We estimated the shedding and exclusion duration transmission risk in such facilities. The study population comprised 225 aged <6 years attending 201 England microbiologically confirmed VTEC 2010-2011. interval onset to first specimen, identified events secondary cases linked median was 31...
Summary Background There is conflicting evidence about nephrotoxicity risk associated with 5‐aminosalicylates for treatment of IBD. Aims To determine population‐based temporal trends and estimated 5‐aminosalicylate use ulcerative colitis (UC) Crohn's disease (CD). Methods Retrospective cohort nested case‐control study, using the Health Improvement Network primary care database linked to hospital discharge coding patients in England, 1996‐2017. Nephrotoxicity analysis was a first recorded...
An outbreak of measles is ongoing in northern Serbia. The first cases were January 2007 the area Novi Sad autonomous province Vojvodina. As 12 March 2007, 121 suspected had been reported to regional Institute Public Health.
SUMMARY In March 2008, the Health Protection Agency in England conducted a retrospective case-control study to investigate cause of 179 cases newly recognized, fully antimicrobial-sensitive Salmonella Typhimurium PT U320. Forty-three symptomatic laboratory-confirmed case-patients and 84 asymptomatic location-matched controls were interviewed by telephone about exposures 3 days prior illness or interview. Multivariate logistic analysis indicated consumption pre-packaged egg sandwiches (odds...
Objectives Investigate potential association between pioglitazone exposure and risk of prostate cancer. Research design methods Nested, matched case–control study. UK primary care data (Clinical Practice Datalink (CPRD) GOLD) linked to inpatient (Hospital Episode Statistics (HES)) cancer registry (National Cancer Information Network (NCIN)) data. English men aged ≥40 years diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, January 1, 2001 5, 2015. Cases, diagnosis, up 4 controls by age, cohort entry...
The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is high in many countries; however, robust, real-world epidemiological data are lacking. This study describes the prevalence, characteristics, treatment patterns, and long-term clinical outcomes patients with HBV US, Germany, Taiwan. was a retrospective cohort analysis three healthcare/insurance claims databases. Individuals were identified as if their records contained diagnostic codes from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012...
5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are commonly prescribed for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Whilst they effective in mild–moderate ulcerative colitis (UC), evidence their benefit Crohn’s (CD) is controversial. Few data available on the evolution of 5-ASA prescriptions over time, from a population level. prescription trends prevalent IBD patients The Health Improvement Network (THIN) UK primary care database were evaluated retrospectively across five 4-year periods (era 1–5) between 1996 and...