A5008173791- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
UK Health Security Agency
2021-2025
Public Health England
2014-2023
University of Oxford
2020-2023
St George's, University of London
2020-2023
University of Manchester
2023
University of Southampton
2023
Uganda Virus Research Institute
2023
MUJHU Research Collaboration
2023
Kingston Hospital
2023
Oxford BioMedica (United Kingdom)
2023
BackgroundThe B.1.617.2 (delta) variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), virus that causes disease 2019 (Covid-19), has contributed to a surge in cases India and now been detected across globe, including notable increase United Kingdom. The effectiveness BNT162b2 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines against this unclear.MethodsWe used test-negative case–control design estimate vaccination symptomatic caused by delta or predominant strain (B.1.1.7, alpha variant) over...
A rapid increase in coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) cases due to the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 highly vaccinated populations has aroused concerns about effectiveness current vaccines.
There are few primary care studies of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to identify demographic and clinical risk factors for testing positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within Oxford Royal College General Practitioners (RCGP) Research Surveillance Centre network.We analysed routinely collected, pseudonymised data patients in RCGP sentinel network who were tested SARS-CoV-2 between Jan 28 April 4, 2020. used multivariable logistic regression models with...
Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes disease 2019 (Covid-19), have been used since December 2020 in United Kingdom. Real-world data shown vaccines to be highly effective Covid-19 and related death. Vaccine effectiveness may wane over time receipt of second dose ChAdOx1-S (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) BNT162b2 vaccines.
Infants with pertussis infection are at risk of severe clinical illness and death. Several countries, including the United Kingdom, have introduced maternal vaccination during pregnancy to protect infants from following national increases in notifications. The objective this study was estimate effectiveness protecting against laboratory-confirmed infection.A case-control undertaken England Wales between October 2012 July 2013. Cases were aged <8 weeks onset tested by real-time polymerase...
The effectiveness of maternal immunization in preventing infant pertussis was first demonstrated England, 1 year after the program using diphtheria–tetanus–5-component acellular pertussis–inactivated polio vaccine (dT5aP-IPV) introduced 2012. Vaccine against laboratory-confirmed has been sustained >90% 3 years following its introduction, despite changing to another with different antigen composition. Consistent this, disease incidence infants <3 months age remained low high activity...
Abstract Background The B.1.617.2 COVID-19 variant has contributed to the surge in cases India and now been detected across globe, including a notable increase UK. We estimate effectiveness of BNT162b2 ChAdOx1 vaccines against this variant. Methods A test negative case control design was used vaccination symptomatic disease with both variants over period that began circulating identified based on sequencing S-gene target status. Data all sequenced England proportion compared predominant...
Abstract Background A rapid increase in cases due to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant highly vaccinated populations has raised concerns about effectiveness of current vaccines. Methods We used a test-negative case-control design estimate vaccine (VE) against symptomatic disease caused by and Delta variants England. VE was calculated after primary immunisation with two BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 doses, at 2+ weeks following booster. Results Between 27 November 06 December 2021, 581 56,439...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection is generally mild or asymptomatic in children but a biological basis for this outcome unclear. Here we compare antibody and cellular immunity (aged 3–11 years) adults. Antibody responses against spike protein were high seroconversion boosted seasonal Beta-coronaviruses through cross-recognition of the S2 domain. Neutralization viral variants was comparable between Spike-specific T cell more than twice as also detected many seronegative children, indicating...
The BNT162b2 vaccine is highly effective against COVID-19 infection and was delivered with a 3-week time interval in registration studies1. However, many countries extended this to accelerate population coverage single vaccine. It not known how immune responses are influenced by delaying the second dose. We provide assessment of first 14 weeks after standard or extended-interval vaccination show that dose strongly boosts peak antibody response 3.5-fold older people. This enhanced may offer...
Background Studies based on molecular testing of oral/nasal swabs underestimate SARS-CoV-2 infection due to issues with test sensitivity, timing and selection bias. The objective this study was report the presence antibodies, consistent previous infection. Design This multicentre observational cohort study, conducted between 16 April 3 July 2020 at 5 UK sites, recruited children healthcare workers, aged 2–15 years. Participants provided blood samples for antibody data were gathered regarding...
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immune responses and infection outcomes were evaluated in 2,686 patients with varying immune-suppressive disease states after administration of two Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Overall, 255 2,204 (12%) failed to develop anti-spike antibodies, an additional 600 (27%) generating low levels (<380 AU ml −1 ). Vaccine failure rates highest ANCA-associated vasculitis on rituximab (21/29, 72%), hemodialysis...
The 2022 global outbreak of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) spread primarily among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with (GBMSM), the initial cluster being identified in England May, 2022. Understanding its epidemiological characteristics reasons for downturn July, 2022, will help to control future outbreaks.We collated data all diagnosed cases (3621) from May 1, Nov 16, Data 75 individuals allowed estimation incubation period, while 121 case-contact pairs were used estimate...
Introduction. In England, antenatal pertussis immunization using a tetanus/low-dose diphtheria/5-component acellular-pertussis/inactivated-polio (TdaP5/IPV) vaccine was introduced in October 2012. We assessed infant responses to antigens the maternal and those conjugated tetanus (TT) or diphtheria toxin variant, CRM.
Abstract The UK prioritised delivery of the first dose BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) and AZD1222 (AstraZeneca) vaccines by extending interval between doses up to 12 weeks. In 750 participants aged 50–89 years, we here compare serological responses after vaccination with varying intervals, evaluate these against real-world national vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates COVID-19 in England. We show that antibody levels 14–35 days two are higher recipients an extended (65–84 days) compared those...