A5074801180- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Travel-related health issues
- Sex work and related issues
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- HIV, TB, and STIs Epidemiology
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Global Security and Public Health
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- School Health and Nursing Education
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Migration, Health and Trauma
UK Health Security Agency
2022-2023
Guidance (United Kingdom)
2022
Public Health England
2014-2021
Heartlands Hospital
1999
Karolinska Institutet
1999
Karolinska University Hospital
1999
Hôpitaux de Saint Maurice
1993
Nuffield Health
1985
Abstract Oral fluid testing is an effective alternative to serum antibody for surveillance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B infections, being extended C infections. The objective this study was determine compare the sensitivity specificity a modified commercial assay detection (anti‐HCV) in oral fluids collected by two different collection devices (the Epitope OraSure™ Sarstedt Salivette™) dried fingerprick blood spots. In study, 253 anti‐HCV seropositive patients 394...
Diagnoses of Shigella flexneri in the United Kingdom (UK) are usually travel-related. However, since 2009, there has been an overall increase UK-acquired cases. The Health Protection Agency investigating a national outbreak S. detected 2011 and which is still ongoing. Cases occurred mostly men who have sex with were serotype 3a. investigation aimed at obtaining epidemiological data to inform targeted management control.
Background Although studies have reported large reductions in the risks of AIDS and death since introduction potent anti-retroviral therapies, few evaluated whether this has been similar for all AIDS-defining diseases. We wished to evaluate changes over time risk specific diseases, as first events, using data from individuals with known dates HIV seroconversion.
HIV is a major public health problem among MSM in the United Kingdom with around 2400 new infections annually. We quantified contribution of biological and behavioural factors.Modelling study.A partnership-based model transmission UK aged 15-64 years was developed calibrated to time series prevalence. The calibration validated using multiple surveillance datasets. Population-attributable fractions were used estimate factors over period 2001-2002, 2014-2015, 2019-2020.The most relatively...
The impact of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) depends on infections averted by protecting vulnerable individuals as well preventing transmission those who would have been infected if not receiving PrEP. Analysis phylogenies reveals risk factors for transmission, which we examine potential criteria allocating We analyzed 6912 HIV-1 partial pol sequences from men sex with (MSM) in the United Kingdom combined global reference and patient-level metadata. Population genetic models were...
To determine whether the risk of Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS is increased by sexual contact groups from abroad a high incidence sarcoma.Analysis AIDS, according to country origin their partners.United Kingdom.2830 reported Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre and (Scotland) Unit up March 1990, whom 566 had sarcoma.Percentage who sarcoma.537 2291 homosexual or bisexual men (23%) sarcoma; 10% (14/135) women acquired HIV heterosexual sarcoma. None 316 subjects through non-sexual...
Sequence analysis of HIV-1 from 440 therapy-naive individuals included within the CASCADE study, who seroconverted 18 months last negative test, identified 65 persons infected with a strain carrying resistance-associated mutations. Population-based sequencing was performed for 20 these during therapy-free follow-up period. The median time 15 (interquartile range 10 to 23 months). Of individuals, 12 showed subsequent evolution at resistance positions, whereas virus 8 people stable this In...
<h3>Background</h3> Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly protective against sexual acquisition of HIV among men having sex with (MSM). The cost-effectiveness PrEP will play a major role in deciding whether the NHS should introduce PrEP. <h3>Aim</h3> To evaluate introducing MSM UK. <h3>Methods</h3> An individual-based dynamic stochastic model calibrated to epidemic UK was used. It assumed that, from 2016, 50% people who tested negative for and had periods condomless long-term or casual...
The UK, like a number of other countries, has refugee resettlement programme. External factors, such as higher prevalence infectious diseases in the country origin and circumstances travel, are likely to increase disease risk refugees, but published data is scarce. International Organization for Migration carries out collates on standardised pre-entry health assessments (HA), including testing diseases, all UK applicants part From this data, we report yield selected (tuberculosis (TB), HIV,...
Four isolated cases of congenital syphilis born to mothers who screened negative in the first trimester were identified between March 2016 and January 2017 compared with three 2010 2015. The United Kingdom-born had no risk factors. Cases occurred areas recent increases sexually-transmitted among women men have sex men, some behaviourally bisexual, which may facilitated bridging sexual networks.
Objectives The aim of the study was to estimate levels transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in HIV-1 using very sensitive assays detect minority drug-resistant populations. Methods We tested unlinked anonymous serum specimens from sexual health clinic attendees, who had not received an HIV diagnosis at time sampling, by both standard genotyping and detection assays. Results By genotyping, 21 165 (12.7%) showed evidence resistance, while, a combination mutation targeting three commonly observed...
It must be noted that no single prevention method can completely prevent HIV transmission. ART reduces the risk of transmission only HIV. Irrespective ART, condoms remain most effective way to spread other STIs. The above position statement by BHIVA and EAGA summarizes extensive discussion about various aspects scientific data it was felt some explanatory notes would helpful, particularly where there are areas controversy. mechanisms which fundamentally different. Condoms contact with...
In the United Kingdom (UK) in 2007, an estimated 77,400 persons were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) of whom 28% are unaware their infection. A total 7,734 newly diagnosed HIV infection which 31% late. This highlights need for wider testing, especially those areas a high prevalence, as recommended recent national guidelines. Among cases 41% acquired through sex between men (four five UK) and 55% heterosexual contact abroad, mainly sub-Saharan Africa). Young aged 16 to 24 years...
In this paper we outline the current data capture systems for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infection (STI) surveillance used by Public Health England (PHE), how these will be affected introduction of novel testing platforms changing patient pathways. We Chlamydia Online Clinical Care Pathway (COCCP), developed as part Electronic Self-Testing Sexually Transmitted Infections (eSTI2) Consortium, which ensures that continue to routinely collected PHE. conclude both...
The aim of this study was to determine how widespread the use is dual nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for diagnosis both Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) in England Wales. A structured telephone questionnaire used collect information on method testing by laboratories, patient groups tested, types specimens obtained GC culture. Of 108 laboratories participating, 29% performed CT NAAT assays. platforms included: (i) BD Probetec (19/31), (ii) Aptima Combo 2...
In 2012, Sierra Leone experienced its worst cholera outbreak in over 15 years affecting 12 of the country’s 13 districts. With limited diagnostic capability, particularly bacterial culture, was initially confirmed by microbiological testing clinical specimens outside Leone. During 2012 – 2013, direct response to lack microbiology facilities, and assist investigating monitoring outbreak, reference services were established at Central Public Health Reference Laboratory focusing specifically on...
A Finnish Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) new variant was detected in 2019 that escaped detection the Hologic Aptima Combo 2 (AC2) assay due to a C1515T mutation CT 23S rRNA target region. Reflex testing of CT-negative/CT-equivocal specimens as well those positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) with (ACT) recommended identify any variants.From June October 2019, discrepant AC2/ACT results were submitted Public Health England and screened detectable DNA using an inhouse real-time (RT)-PCR. When...
<h3>Introduction</h3> In England, 80% of HIV diagnoses are in sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics. Since 2009, Public Health England offered testing for recent infection. <h3>Aim</h3> To estimate incidence among STI clinic attendees 2012. <h3>Methods</h3> The AxSYM avidity assay, modified to determine antibody avidity, was conducted on aliquots newly diagnosed persons and results linked the national database. An incident case defined as <0.8, no antiretroviral treatment or AIDS...
<h3>Background/introduction</h3> In November 2015, Public Health England, with the support of Local Authorities, launched a nationwide HIV self-sampling service free for populations most at-risk acquisition (www.freetesting.hiv). February 2016 was devolved to participating local authorities who have taken responsibility in their areas. <h3>Aim(s)/objectives</h3> To determine is accessing and whether it reached groups (including MSM Black African communities) first-time testers....
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Objectives</h3> HTLV-1 is predominantly a sexually-transmitted infection but testing not mentioned in HIV-PrEP guidelines. We ascertained HTLV-1/HTLV-2 seroprevalence amongst users England. <h3>Methods</h3> An unlinked anonymous study. <h3>Results</h3> Amongst 2015 users, 95% were men, 76% of white ethnicity and 83% had been born Europe. There no seropositive cases (95% confidence interval 0% – 0.18%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> HTLV positive cases, likely reflecting the...