A5077591422- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Microscopic Colitis
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System
2012-2025
University of California, Los Angeles
2012-2024
VA West Los Angeles Medical Center
2023
Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases
2018
Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences
2007
West Los Angeles College
1999
Low-grade colonic mucosal inflammation has been postulated to have an important role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The objectives this study were (i) identify serum and tissue-based immunological neuroendocrine markers associated with male (M) female (F) patients non-post-infectious IBS (non-PI-IBS) compared healthy controls (ii) assess possible correlations such symptoms.Sigmoid biopsies obtained from 45 Rome II positive without a history PI-IBS (26 F, 35.5%...
Peptide YY (PYY) antisecretory effect on intestinal epithelia is well established, whereas less known about its actions to influence colonic motility in conscious animals. We characterized changes basal function and stimulated motor induced by PYY-related peptides mice. PYY(3-36), PYY, neuropeptide Y (NPY) (8 nmol/kg) injected intraperitoneally inhibited fecal pellet output (FPO) per hour during novel environment stress 90%, 63%, 57%, respectively, the Y(1)-preferring agonists, [Pro(34)]PYY...
Inflammation plays a role in abdominal surgery (AS)-induced intestinal ileus that is alleviated by electrical vagal stimulation. Intracisternal injection of RX-77368, the stable thyrotropin-releasing hormone agonist, activates dorsal motor nucleus neurons and gastric efferent discharges. We investigated inflammation induced AS modulation intracisternal RX-77368 rats. (50 ng/rat) or saline was injected followed, 1 h later, laparotomy small intestinal/cecal manipulation. The sham group had...
The rat esophagus shares some cellular features with skin squamous epithelium and striated muscle that express high levels of corticotropin-releasing factor type 2 (CRF2) receptors or their cognate ligand urocortin (Ucn) 1, 2, 3. We investigated the expression cell signaling CRF2 ligands in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) by RT-PCR quantitative PCR normal corticosterone-treated whole tissue, laser capture microdissected layers, isolated cells. receptor protein intracellular cAMP ERK1/2...
CRH and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) are expressed in human colonic enterochromaffin (EC) cells, but their interactions at the cellular level remain largely unknown. The mechanistic functional relationship between 5-HT systems EC cells was investigated a carcinoid cloned BON cell line (BON-1N), widely used as an vitro model of function. First, we identified multiple CRH(1) splice variants, including CRH(1a), CRH(1c), CRH(1f), novel form lacking exon 4, designated here CRH(1i), BON-1N cells....
High-protein diet (HPD) curtails obesity and/or fat mass, but it is unknown whether reverses neuroinflammation or alters glucose levels, CCK sensitivity, and gut microbiome in rats fed a Western (WD)-induced (DIO). Male WD (high sugar) for 12 wk were switched to HPD 6 wk. Body composition, food intake, meal pattern, sensitivity intraperitoneal CCK-8S, blood glucose, brain signaling, cecal microbiota assessed. When compared with normal diet, increased body weight (9.3%) mass (73.4%). CCK-8S...
Neuronal activation of brain vagal-regulatory nuclei and gastric/duodenal enteric plexuses in response to insulin (2 U/kg, 2 h) hypoglycemia was studied rats. Insulin significantly induced Fos expression the paraventricular nucleus hypothalamus, locus coeruleus, dorsal motor vagus (DMN), tractus solitarii (NTS), as well myenteric/submucosal plexuses. A substantial number hypoglycemia-activated DMN NTS neurons were choline acetyltransferase tyrosine hydroxylase positive, respectively, whereas...
Stress stimulates colonic motor function and plays a role in functional bowel disorders, prevalently women. We examined, conscious female rats, the influence of water avoidance stress for 60 min on myenteric neuron activity using immunohistochemical detection Fos as marker neuronal activity. In control immunoreactive nuclei were rare proximal distal colon no defecation was observed. Water stimulated fecal pellet output, which associated with expression ganglia including population peripheral...
Peripheral activation of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 2 (CRF ) by urocortin 1, 2, or 3 (Ucns) exerts powerful effects on gastric function; however, little is known about their expression and regulation in the stomach. We investigated Ucns CRF isoforms RT-PCR corpus (GC) mucosa submucosa plus muscle (S+M) laser captured layers naive rats, regulations lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 μg/kg ip) over 24 h, effect antagonist astresssin -B (100 sc) LPS-induced delayed emptying (GE) 2-h...
Urocortins (Ucns) 1, 2, and 3 corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRF2) mRNA are prominently expressed in various layers of the upper gut. We tested whether Ucns CRF2 variants also different rat colon, regulated by LPS (100 μg/kg ip) play a modulatory role colonic immune response to LPS. Transcripts CRF2b, most common isoform periphery, were detected all laser microdissected layers, including myenteric neurons. increased level Ucn decreased that CRF2b both mucosa submucosa + muscle...
Abstract Background We previously reported the specificity of a novel anti‐human peripheral choline acetyltransferase (hpChAT) antiserum for immunostaining cholinergic neuronal cell bodies and fibers in human colon. In this study, we investigate 3D architecture intrinsic innervation sigmoid colon relationship with nitrergic neurons enteric plexus. Methods developed modified CLARITY tissue technique applicable clearing specimens hpChAT co‐labeling nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) antibody. The...
The porcine gut is increasingly regarded as a useful translational model. enteric nervous system in the colon coordinates diverse functions. However, knowledge of molecular profiling nerve and its similarity to that human still lacking. We identified distinct transcriptional programs associated with functional characteristics between inner submucosal myenteric ganglia proximal distal using bulk RNA single-cell sequencing. Comparative transcriptomics corresponding colonic regions pig revealed...
Corticotropin-releasing factor overexpressing (CRF-OE) male mice showed an inhibited feeding response to a fast, and lower plasma acyl ghrelin Fos expression in the arcuate nucleus compared wild-type (WT) mice. We investigated whether hormones hypothalamic signals are impaired CRF-OE influence of sex. Male female WT littermates (4–6 months old) fed ad libitum or overnight fasted were assessed for body, adrenal glands perigonadal fat weights, food intake, hormones, blood glucose, mRNA...
We investigated whether vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and/or prostaglandins contribute to peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-induced CRF 1 receptor-mediated stimulation of colonic motor function and diarrhea in rats. The VIP antagonist, [4Cl-D-Phe 6 , Leu 17 ]VIP injected intraperitoneally completely prevented (10 µg/kg ip)-induced fecal output occurring within the first hour after injection, whereas pretreatment with synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, had no effect. In...
Abstract Background Electrical vagal stimulation alleviates abdominal surgery (AS)‐induced intestinal inflammation. Ghrelin receptors (GHS‐Rs) are expressed in the brain and peripheral tissues. We investigated influence of HM01, an orally active ghrelin agonist crossing blood–brain barrier, on AS‐induced gastric inflammation emptying (GE) rats. Methods HM01 (6 mg/kg) or saline pretreatment was administered per (po) intraperitoneally (ip). assessed GE, cytokine mRNA, Fos positive cells dorsal...
The distribution, morphology, and innervation of vasculature in different mouse colonic segments layers, as well spatial relationships the with enteric plexuses, glia, macrophages are far from being complete. vessels adult colon were stained by cardiovascular perfusion wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-Alexa Fluor 448 CD31 immunoreactivity. Nerve fibers, immunostained WGA-perfused colon. blood entered mesentery to submucosa branched into capillary networks mucosa muscularis externa. net formed...
This protocol was developed for tissue clearing and 3D imaging of human sigmoid mucosal biopsies by adapting modifying the original CLARITY technique/immunofluorescence protocols that we established phenotyping colonic enteric nervous system.By using this new protocol, a piece entire biopsy specimen with volume about 6x3x1-2 mm (length x wide thickness) can be completely cleared within 3-4 days. The images videos generated from samples showed clear spatial views nerve innervation,...
Medullary TRH regulates autonomic activity, and altered thyroid status is associated with disorders. We investigated whether hormone exerts a negative feedback regulation on gene expression in the medullary caudal raphe nuclei. pro-TRH messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were mainly located pallidus obscurus neurons as shown by situ hybridization significantly increased 70% 160-230% Northern blot analyses 24 h fasted rats at 1 3-5 weeks after thyroidectomy, respectively, when serum T4 levels reduced...