Abstract Background Exposure to environmental endocrine‐disrupting chemicals ( EDC s) is associated with allergy, chronic inflammation, and immunodeficiency. Phthalates, the common s used in plastic industry, may act as adjuvants disrupt immune system enhance allergy. Plasmacytoid DC pDC are predominant cells secreting type I interferon IFN ) against infection professional antigen‐presenting regulating adaptive immunity. However, effects of phthalates on function unknown. Methods Circulating...

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as sirolimus and its derivative, everolimus, are potent immunosuppressive antiproliferative drugs. Inflammatory diseases characterized by immunological dysfunction, monocyte recruitment underlies the mechanism cell damage. Chemokines attract inflammatory cells to sites inflammation. Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8); chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2); regulated on activation, normal T expressed, presumably secreted protein (RANTES/CCL5);...

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used in the treatment of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis and allergic rhinitis. However, effects LLLT on human monocyte polarization into M1 macrophages are unknown. To evaluate M1-related cytokine chemokine production elucidate mechanism, cell line THP-1 was treated with different doses LLLT. The expression cytokines chemokines (CCL2, CXCL10, TNF-α) determined by ELISA real-time PCR. LLLT-associated histone modifications were examined chromatin...

Amoxicillin-resistant Helicobacter pylori with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) >or= 256 mg L(-1) was isolated from a gastritis patient. The aims were to investigate the mechanism of high-level amoxicillin resistance in H. pylori.The beta-lactamase production determined by means nitrocefin sticks and presence gene encoding beta-lactam antibiotic enzyme TEM analysed polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing dot-blot hybridization. Sequencing analysis pbp1A performed...

Abstract: The association between vitamin D deficiency and asthma epidemic has been recognized. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α chemokines play important roles in pathogenesis of asthma. However, whether immunoregulatory function on TNF‐α expression human monocytes is still unknown. monocytic cell line, THP‐1 cells primary were pretreated with various concentration 1α,25‐(OH) 2 3 for h before stimulation lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Supernatants collected 24 or 48 after LPS stimulation. levels...

This prospective study was designed to compare the efficacies of levofloxacin-containing and high-dose metronidazole-containing quadruple therapies after failure standard triple therapies. A total 150 Helicobacter pylori–infected patients were enrolled in our randomly assigned therapy (EBTL group) (40 mg esomeprazole twice daily, 300 bismuth subcitrate four times 500 tetracycline daily levofloxacin once for 10 days) (n = 76) or metronidazole-based (EBTM metronidazole 74). Follow-up endoscopy...

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) exhibit remarkable efficacy in atopic dermatitis (AD). Tacrolimus, one type of CNI, is prevalently used to treat AD. AD a chronic inflammatory disease that exhibits predominant infiltration T-helper 2 (Th2) cell the acute phase and mixed Th1 Th0 pattern lesions. Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Th2-related chemokines [e.g., macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC)/CCL22 I-309/CCL1], Th1-related interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10)/CXCL10],...

Abstract: There is increasing evidence that daily intake of flavonoids reduced severity and prevalence allergic diseases. However, the mechanism its antiinflammatory effects in diseases remains uncertain. Kaempferol, which belongs to flavone group, a strong antioxidant among natural essential component many beverages vegetables. Because chemokine one key mediators inflammatory process, we investigated effect kaempferol on chemokines expression monocytes. Our data demonstrated significantly...

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease mediated by T-helper (Th)2 cells. Montelukast (trade name Singulair) cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma treatment. Mirroring Th1-Th2 polarization, two distinct states of macrophages have been recognized: the classically activated (M1) and alternatively (M2) macrophages. M2 polarization known to be response Th2 cytokines; however, effects montelukast on not well characterized. The aim present study was investigate...

The current study was to investigate the interaction between Helicobacter pylori and human dendritic cells (DCs). Whether impaired DC function can influence outcome of H. infections. Human monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) from five gastric cancer patients nine healthy controls were stimulated with pylori. Maturation markers MDDC examined by flow cytometry. IL-10 TNF-α released MDDCs IL-17 produced T measured ELISA. Regulatory signaling pathways ELISA, western blotting, chromatin...

Dietary flavonoids have various biological functions, and there is increasing evidence that reduced prevalence severity of allergic reactions are associated with the intake flavonoids. Among natural flavonoids, apigenin a potent anti-inflammatory agent. However, mechanisms apigenin's effect remain uncertain. Monocyte-derived chemokine (MDC) plays pivotal role in recruiting T-helper (Th) 2 cells inflammation process. In late phase inflammation, Th1 interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) has...

Chemokines play important roles in the pathogenesis of asthmatic inflammation. Sesamin, a class phytoestrogen isolated from sesame seed Sesamum indicum, is recently regarded as an anti-inflammatory agent. However, effects sesamin on asthma-related chemokines are unknown. To this end, we investigated expression interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22), growth-related oncogene-α (GRO-α/CXCL1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α human...

Cytokines and chemokines play critical roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. Azithromycin, a macrolides, is frequently used asthmatic children with lower respiratory tract infection reported having anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory effects. However, effects azithromycin on expression TNF-α, Th1- Th2-related chemokines, neutrophil chemoattractant are unknown. We investigated vitro Th1-related chemokine interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10), macrophage-derived (MDC/CCL22)...

Asthma causes a substantial morbidity and mortality burden in children the pathogenesis of childhood asthma is not completely understood. Macrophages are heterogeneous with divergent M1/M2 polarization phenotypes response to various stimulations during inflammatory process. We aimed investigate pattern macrophage its association severity exacerbation asthmatic children.Normal aged 4-18 years were enrolled for 12 months. Children further subgrouped according their requirement hospitalization...

Major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease are common serious illnesses worldwide. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors norepinephrine-dopamine may reduce the mortality of patients with comorbid depression. Interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), a type 1 T helper cell (Th1)-related chemokine, contributes to manifestations atherosclerosis during inflammations; however, pathophysiological mechanisms linking effective antidepressants have remained elusive. We investigated in...

Early-life antibiotic use may be associated with asthma, yet whether this association also exists in patients allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unknown. We investigated the between exposure and asthma development AR children. less than 18 year-old were enrolled from Taiwan National Health Insurance Database, which reported information 2005 to 2010. The case group was defined as having newly developed control never an diagnosis. age of first prescriptions records preceding 5 years before...