A5054970682- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- Nanowire Synthesis and Applications
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
Institute for the Science and Technology of Plasmas
2019-2024
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
2023-2024
Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par Confinement Magnétique
2024
CEA Cadarache
2003-2024
National Research Council
2015-2024
Culham Science Centre
2015-2024
Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
2024
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano Bicocca
2012-2021
National Research Council
2021
National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development
2021
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a compound semiconductor, which considered as possible alternative to silicon for particles and photons detection. Its characteristics make it very promising the next generation of nuclear particle physics experiments at high beam luminosity. Carbide detectors Intense Luminosity Investigations Applications (SiCILIA) project starting collaboration between Italian National Institute Nuclear Physics (INFN) IMM-CNR, aiming realization innovative detection systems based...
First simultaneous measurements of deuterium-deuterium (DD) and deuterium-tritium neutrons from deuterium plasmas using a Single crystal Diamond Detector are presented in this paper. The were performed at JET with dedicated electronic chain that combined high count rate capabilities energy resolution. deposited spectrum DD was successfully reproduced by means Monte Carlo calculations the detector response function simulations neutron emission plasma, including background contributions....
At present, magnetic confinement fusion devices rely solely on absolute neutron counting as a direct way of measuring power. Absolute deuterium-tritium gamma rays could provide the secondary neutron-independent technique required for validation scientific results and licensing tool future power plants. However, this approach necessitates an accurate determination gamma-ray-to-neutron branching ratio. The ratio reaction ^{3}H(^{2}H,γ)^{5}He/^{3}H(^{2}H,n)^{4}He was determined in plasmas at...
The spectral 𝛾 ray emission from the reaction 3H(2H,𝛾)5He has been measured for first time in a magnetic confinement deuterium-tritium plasma experiment at Joint European Torus. A custom developed gamma spectrometer system based on LaBr3 scintillator combined to LiH neutron attenuator and zero dead fast digital data acquisition allowed measure weak under ≈105 more intense 14MeV field. 𝑅-matrix analysis of 5He nucleus used predict expected spectrum which compared with measurement, but...
Neutron measurement is the primary tool in SPARC tokamak for fusion power (Pfus) monitoring, research on physics of burning plasmas, validation neutronics simulation workflows, and providing feedback machine protection. A demanding target uncertainty (10% Pfus) coverage a wide dynamic range (>8 orders magnitude going up to 5 × 1019 n/s), coupled with fast-track timeline design deployment, make development neutron diagnostics challenging. Four subsystems are under that exploit high...
Single crystal Diamond Detectors (SDD) are being increasingly exploited for neutron diagnostics in high power fusion devices, given their significant radiation hardness and energy resolution capabilities. The geometrical efficiency of SDDs is limited by the size commercially available crystals, which often smaller than dimension beams along collimated lines sight tokamak devices. In this work, we present design fabrication a 14 MeV spectrometer consisting 12 diamond pixels arranged matrix,...
We here present the principles and main physics capabilities behind design of radial gamma ray spectrometers (RGRS) system for alpha particle runaway electron measurements at ITER. The diagnostic benefits from recent advances in gamma-ray spectrometry tokamak plasmas combines space high energy resolution a single device. RGRS as designed can provide information on particles time scale 1/10 slowing down ITER 500 MW full power DT scenario. Spectral observations 3.21 4.44 MeV peaks reaction...
SPIDER is one of the two projects ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) under construction in Padova, Italy, at Consorzio RFX premises; it will have a 100 keV beam source with full-size prototype radiofrequency (RF) ion for Injector (NBI), designed to operate pulse length up 3600 s, featuring ITER-like filter field configuration, caesium oven layout and wide set diagnostics.These features allow reproducing operation like as cannot be done any other existing test facility.SPIDER realization...
A prototype Single crystal Diamond Detector (SDD) was installed at the Joint European Torus (JET) in 2013 along an oblique line of sight and demonstrated possibility to carry out neutron spectroscopy measurements with good energy resolution detector stability discharges heated by neutral beam injection radio-frequency waves. Starting from these positive results, within Vertical Neutron Spectrometer project Torus, we have developed a pixelated instrument consisting matrix 12 independent SDDs,...
An accurate calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics with a 14 MeV generator was performed in first half 2017 order to provide reliable measurement fusion power during next deuterium–tritium (DT) campaign. In meet target accuracy, chosen has been fully characterized at Neutron Metrology Laboratory National Physical (NPL), Teddington, United Kingdom. The present paper describes measurements energy spectra obtained using high-resolution single-crystal diamond detector (SCD). measurements,...
First neutron and X‐ray beam tests on a novel 12‐pixel single‐crystal diamond mosaic detector are presented discussed. Preliminary characterization of single‐pixel electronic properties, performed with α particles, results in charge carrier mobilities >2000 cm 2 Vs −1 saturation velocities the order 10 7 s . Signal stability over time, measured 241 Am source (37 kBq activity), is longer than 5 h. Tests under an intense (1 Gy h dose‐rate) show very good response uniformity (down to about...
We discuss α-particle velocity-space diagnostic in ITER based on the planned collective Thomson scattering (CTS) and γ-ray spectrometry (GRS) systems as well ASCOT simulations of distribution function. GRS is sensitive to α-particles with energies MeV at all pitches p, CTS for . The remaining velocity space not observed. view plasma (almost) perpendicularly magnetic field. Hence we cannot determine sign pitch distinguish co- counter-going currently diagnostics. Therefore can only infer...
Abstract The Joint European Torus (JET) has recently conducted its second deuterium–tritium (DT) experimental campaign DTE2, providing unique opportunity for studying both physics and engineering aspects of nuclear fusion plasmas. This also allowed the exploitation new diagnostics technologies that were not available during first JET DT held in 1997. Among these instruments, enhancement projects lead to development installation synthetic single crystal diamond detectors along different...
Bi-parametric (neutron time of flight and deposited energy) measurements using a Single-crystal Diamond Detector (4.5 × 4.5 0.5 mm3 active volume) were performed at the n_TOF neutron facility CERN. The structure beam combined with long path allowed for diamond detector response to quasi monoenergetic neutrons in energy range up 40 MeV. Deposited spectra compared MCNPX simulations different cross section libraries. results can be used interpretation fast spallation sources.
Single-crystal Diamond Detectors (SDDs), due to their high radiation hardness, fast response time and small size, are good candidates as neutron detectors in those environments where the flux is an issue, such spallation sources next generation thermonuclear fusion plasmas, i.e. ITER experiment. Neutron detection SDDs based on collection of electron-hole pairs produced by charged particles generated interactions with 12C. Recent measurements have demonstrated SDD capability measuring a...
A fast neutron beam monitor based on a triple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector was developed and tested for the ISIS spallation source in U.K. The test performed at VESUVIO line operating ISIS. 2D footprint recorded real time with spatial resolution of few millimeters thanks to patterned readout.
In view of the planned DT operations at JET, a calibration JET neutron monitors 14 MeV energy is needed using generator deployed inside vacuum vessel by remote handling system. The target accuracy this ±10% as also required ITER, where precise yield measurement important, e.g. for tritium accountancy. To achieve accuracy, selected source has been fully characterised and calibrated prior to in-vessel monitors. This paper describes measurements performed different types detectors,...
A new 14 MeV neutron spectrometer utilizing the magnetic proton recoil (MPR) technique is under development for SPARC tokamak. This instrument measures neutrons by converting them into protons, whose momenta are subsequently analyzed using a series of magnets before detection an array scintillators known as hodoscope. In this work, we explore various solutions hodoscope detectors through laboratory tests with radioactive sources and simulations. We present findings on light collection pulse...
A fast-neutron detector for time-resolved beam measurements at spallation neutron sources is presented. The device features a p-type/intrinsic/metal Schottky barrier structure where the active (intrinsic) detection layer 150 μm thick single-crystal diamond obtained by chemical-vapour deposition. Coupling to fast front-end electronics preserves excellent timing properties of as demonstrated in tests performed ISIS source UK. represents novel approach field pulsed fast-neutrons spectroscopic...