Antibiotic resistance (AR) is the mechanism pattern in bacteria that evolves over some time, thus protecting against antibiotics. AR due to bacterial evolution make itself fit changing environmental conditions a quest for survival of fittest. has emerged misuse and overuse antimicrobial drugs, few antibiotics are now left deal with these superbug infections. To combat AR, vaccination an effective method, used either therapeutically or prophylactically. In current study, silico approach was...

Antibiotic resistance (AR) is the result of microbes' natural evolution to withstand action antibiotics used against them. AR rising a high level across globe, and novel resistant strains are emerging spreading very fast. Acinetobacter baumannii multidrug Gram-negative bacteria, responsible for causing severe nosocomial infections that treated with several broad spectrum antibiotics: carbapenems, β-lactam, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, gentamicin, impanel, piperacillin, amikacin. The A....

Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease that caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) and mainly transmitted to human through close contact with an infected person, animal, or fomites which contaminated virus. In present research work, reverse vaccinology several other bioinformatics immunoinformatics tools were utilized design multi-epitopes-based vaccine against MPXV exploring three probable antigenic extracellular proteins: cupin domain-containing protein, ABC transporter ATP-binding protein...

The ongoing antibiotic-resistance crisis is becoming a global problem affecting public health. Urgent efforts are required to design novel therapeutics against pathogenic bacterial species. Brucella melitensis an etiological agent of brucellosis, which mostly affects sheep and goats but several cases have also been reported in cattle, water buffalo, yaks dogs. Infected animals represent the major source infection for humans. Development safer effective vaccines brucellosis remains priority...

Enterococcus species are an emerging group of bacterial pathogens that have a significant role in hospital-associated infections and associated with higher mortality morbidity rates. Among these pathogens, mundtii is one the causative agents multiple hospital infections. Currently, no commercially available licensed vaccine present, multi-drug resistant strains pathogen prominent. Due to several limitations experimental vaccinology, computational designing proved be helpful against...

Monkeypox is a viral etiological agent with hallmarks analogous to those observed in smallpox cases the past. The ongoing outbreak of infection becoming global health problem. Multi-valent peptide based next generation vaccines provides us promising solution combat these emerging infectious diseases by eliciting cell-mediated and humoral immune response. Considering success rate subtractive proteomics pipeline reverse vaccinology approach, this study, we have developed novel,...

is one of the main etiological agents hospital-acquired infections and no licensed vaccine available against pathogen. Herein, we designed a multi-epitope-based

Enterobacter hormaechei is involved in multiple hospital-associated infections and resistant to beta-lactam tetracycline antibiotics. Due emerging antibiotics resistance E. lack of licensed vaccine availability, efforts are required overcome the crisis. In current research study, a multi-epitope-based against was designed using reverse vaccinology immunoinformatic approaches. A total number 50 strains were analyzed from which core proteome extracted. One extracellular (curlin minor subunit...

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, mainly present in the oral cavity and causes periodontal infections. Currently, no licensed vaccine available against P. other bacterial pathogens. To develop gingivalis, herein, we applied pan-genome analysis (BPGA) on genomes that retrieved total number of 4908 core proteins, which were further utilized for identification good candidates. After several candidacy analyses, three namely lytic transglycosylase domain-containing...

In 2022, the ongoing multi-country outbreak of monkeypox virus—now occurring outside Africa, too is a global health concern. Monkeypox zoonotic virus, which causes disease mainly in animals, and then it transferred to humans. Recently, epidemic, large number human cases emerged while community worked tackle save lives. Herein, multi-epitope-based vaccine designed against virus using two surface-associated proteins: MPXVgp002 accession > YP_010377003.1 MPXVgp008 YP_010377007.1 proteins. These...

Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat and associated with high mortality due to antibiotics' inability treat bacterial infections. Enterobacter xiangfangensis an emerging antibiotic-resistant pathogen from the genus has ability acquire multiple antibiotic classes. Currently, there no effective vaccine against species. In this study, chimeric designed comprising different epitopes screened E. proteomes using immunoinformatic bioinformatic approaches. first phase, six fully...

Synthetic dyes from textile industries are designated as hazardous waste since they release heavy metals and dangerous contaminants in water that harm the environment human health. The current study was aimed at investigating (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cr, Mn) drinking seven regions of Faisalabad, Pakistan, through atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) optical emission (OES). physicochemical quality 86.36% samples met WHO standards targeted regions, while 13.64% failed to meet criteria. index (WQI)...

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial species is a major threat to public health and has resulted high mortality as well care costs. Burkholderia mallei one the etiological agents care-associated infections. As no licensed vaccine available against pathogen herein, using reverse vaccinology, bioinformatics, immunoinformatics approaches, multi-epitope-based B. was designed. In completely sequenced proteomes mallei, 18,405 core, 3671 non-redundant, 14,734 redundant proteins were...

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a Gram-positive coccus responsible for the occurrence of cystitis in sexually active, young females. While effective antibiotics against this organism exist, resistant strains are on rise. Therefore, prevention via vaccines appears to be viable solution address problem. In comparison traditional techniques vaccine design, computationally aided development demonstrates marked specificity, efficiency, stability, and safety. present study, novel, multi-epitope...

Staphylococcus hominis is a Gram-positive bacterium from the staphylococcus genus; it also member of coagulase-negative staphylococci because its opportunistic nature and ability to cause life-threatening bloodstream infections in immunocompromised patients. bacteria have become major concern for medical community. It has drawn attention scientists due evaluation immune evasion tactics development multidrug-resistant strains. This prompted need explore novel therapeutic approaches as an...

Proteus mirabilis is a gram-negative bacterium particularly known for its unique swarming ability. The gives the bacteria ability to enhance adherence catheter surface and epithelium cells of urethra cause associated urinary tract infections. P. has evolved resistant antibiotics. Additionally, there an approved vaccine against mirabilis, thus demanding identification new targets. This consists 19,502 core proteins, out which 19,063 are redundant proteins remaining 439 non-redundant proteins....

The misuse of antibiotics in our daily lives has led to the emergence antimicrobial resistance. As a result, many are becoming ineffective. This phenomenon is linked with high rates mortality and morbidity. Therefore, new approaches required address this major health issue. Leptotrichia buccalis Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which normally resides oral vaginal cavities. It an emerging bacterial pathogen developing antibiotic-resistance mechanisms. No approved vaccine available against...

Strategies for sensing toxic gases have garnered significant attention environmental monitoring and air pollution control. In this study, we investigated the adsorption behavior of hazardous (H2S, SO2, SO3,...

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is an emerging gram-negative bacterium that responsible for multiple nosocomial infections. The evolving resistance to several antibiotics, and currently, no effective licensed vaccines are available, which warrants the search new therapeutics. A multi-epitope-based vaccine has been designed

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is mainly considered for causing chronic gastritis, which can lead to several secondary complications like peptic ulcer and pre-malignant lesions example atrophic intestinal dysplasia metaplasia, with the etiological factor of developing gastric cancer. Recent research demonstrates that H.pylori colonizes stomach mucosa more than fifty populations around globe. This focuses on unveiling hub genes, diagnostic drug targets against said organism by utilizing...